Medicine knows many types of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, causing pain in the joints, limited motor function, and a decrease in the quality of life and well-being of the patient.
One of these diagnoses is arthrosis of the joints. This is a degenerative process that causes degeneration of the affected joint and a decrease in the cartilage layer and ligaments adjacent to the joint.
The spine, joints, ligaments and other bone structures perform the most important functions in the human body, allowing him to move in space independently, cope with physical activity, etc.
With the slightest changes in the tissues of bone structures and ligaments, a person loses completely or partially the health of the musculoskeletal system, even to the point of disability. Therefore, it is so important to identify a predisposition to arthrosis and prevent degenerative changes in the joints.
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Arthrosis is a chronic joint disease, the most common among other pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.
The pathology causes degenerative-dystrophic destruction of the bone structures of the joints, ligaments, synovial area, and cartilage adjacent to the affected bone.
The development of arthrosis is influenced by factors such as repeated injury to the joint, unhealthy addictions, the degree of bone wear as a result of stress, inflammatory processes in tissues and much more.
The clinical picture does not appear immediately, but gradually, with the development of degenerative changes.
This may affect the diagnosis of arthrosis. In the first stages, when the disease can be easily eliminated, the patient simply does not see a doctor because nothing bothers him.
Various factors can provoke joint deformation. In medicine, primary and secondary causes of arthrosis are distinguished.
Primary ones include genetic and hereditary predisposition, when a disease can manifest itself without apparent external reasons, as a result of the presence of genetically encoded information about this disease.
Secondary symptoms include various pathologies and external effects on bone structures that directly affect their deformation. These include:
People at risk of developing arthrosis are those whose professional activities or physical activity causes significant discomfort and wears out the joints.
For example, staying in one position for a long time, heavy physical activity and physical activity.
In order to be able to prevent degenerative changes in the tissues of bone and ligamentous structures, it is necessary to timely monitor the clinical picture of their appearance.
Symptoms of arthrosis depend on the degree of development of the disease, of which there are three:
Therapy for the treatment of arthrosis should include a set of measures aimed at restoring the motor function of the affected joint, preventing its further degeneration and deformation, as well as relieving pain.
For treatment, medications prescribed by the attending physician are used:
The dosage is determined by a rheumatologist depending on the degree of progression of the disease, the presence of contraindications and allergies to medications and other characteristics of the patient’s body.
To restore joint mobility, the doctor prescribes exercise therapy, including exercises for the spine and joints in a sitting, standing, or lying position on a mat.
The patient is also directed to swimming, cycling and walking. It is important to eliminate heavy lifting, running, and lose extra pounds.
In case of serious violations of the structure of bones and their severe deformation, surgical intervention is performed: endoprosthetics or arthroplasty.
As additional measures, the doctor may recommend:
Massage for arthrosis is used at the stage of remission and is recommended to be performed using a gentle technique.
In order to prevent diseases of the musculoskeletal system, you should follow some rules:
Following simple recommendations will protect your joints from degenerative changes and help maintain healthy bones for many years.
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is a disease that is the deformation and destruction of cartilage tissue. The disease is degenerative and chronic, so your health can only get worse. However, massage of the knee joint with arthrosis slows down the development of inflammation, which threatens serious problems with motor activity.
Gonarthrosis, which is an inflammatory process affecting the knees, affects the cartilaginous layer of the joint and other components. If treatment is not carried out, the disease can lead to problems with motor activity.
Complex treatment is required. Experts note that massage of the knee joint is useful, since such procedures restore inflamed tissues with subsequent normalization of joint function.
Therapeutic massage, which is performed even at home, turns out to be truly important for overall health improvement. The fact is that even simple massage movements help normalize the outflow of lymph and blood and eliminate the symptoms of inflammation. Subsequently, positive changes are observed, such as restoration of joint depreciation and expansion of the range of motion.
If you carry out the procedure yourself, taking into account the rules and principles, the following positive changes occur:
It is believed that therapeutic massage is most beneficial in the initial stages of the disease. In the future, the procedure improves the condition and prevents the development of severe osteoarthritis.
Performing any massage movements requires caution. Careless movements can only worsen the situation, so it is advisable to consult a chiropractor. If you wish, you can watch a video about knee massage for arthrosis. If you can understand the principles of the procedure and the secrets of the technique, you can carry out therapeutic massage yourself.
Correct execution of movements guarantees the elimination of pain and fatigue after loading the knee joint, but the pathology will remain. Regular treatment helps improve health.
When performing the procedure, follow the following recommendations:
Taking into account the above principles guarantees the possibility of effective massage of the knee joint. Regular procedures can improve the condition of the knee joint and prevent further development of the inflammatory process.
Deforming arthrosis of the knee involves massage according to different schemes.
The techniques described above are aimed at eliminating the inflammatory process and improving overall health.
Classic knee massage for arthrosis at home allows you to successfully eliminate inflammation in the shortest possible time.
The classic method involves carefully kneading the sore lower limb, and you cannot apply pressure to the sore knee.
A video about self-massage of the knee joint for arthrosis allows you to understand how massage is carried out to ensure a guaranteed improvement in well-being.
Recently, the use of special massagers has been allowed. Such special devices allow you to independently carry out an effective treatment procedure.
Modern massagers are required to perform deep muscle massage, warm up the knee joint and vibrate the knee joint.
The models involve multifunctional or special therapeutic massage, and in each case the achievement of an optimal result is guaranteed.
Massage of the knee joint allows you to count on the following benefits:
Regular massage of the knee joints guarantees an improvement in health in the shortest possible time.
Massage of the knee joint is allowed only at home. Contraindications to the procedure:
By watching a video about self-massage of the legs for arthrosis of the knee joint, you can understand how the treatment procedure is carried out with a guaranteed achievement of the desired result.
Among various pathologies of the knee joint, arthrosis is considered a complex disease that significantly reduces the quality of life. To treat the disease, complex therapy is used, including massage for arthrosis of the knee joint. Let's figure out how independent massage sessions are performed and how the procedure affects the course of treatment.
The main reason for the development of arthrosis of the knee joint is a structural change in cartilage tissue. Changes occur during the degenerative course of the pathology, due to which the joint ceases to perform its functions. Partial or complete loss of motor activity of the injured limb may occur.
To treat the disease, conservative therapy is prescribed, consisting of several stages (medications, physiotherapy, massage sessions). Massage is also prescribed during the rehabilitation period after surgery.
Massage for joint arthrosis gives the following results:
You can watch a video of how a knee joint massage is performed for arthrosis.
During massage sessions for joint arthrosis, the following modern techniques are used:
When performing self-massage of the knee joint with arthrosis, you should take into account some points that serve as a contraindication to the procedure:
In other cases, you can perform a massage, which alleviates the general condition of arthrosis, and at the same time helps restore joint functions.
You can perform self-massage of the knee joint, as shown in the video below, but you must adhere to the following rules:
Self-massage is used not only as a therapeutic and restorative technique for arthrosis, but is used as a preventive measure.
All movements are directed to the area of the popliteal fossa, as a result of which the metabolic processes of articular tissues are restored.
Most often, massage is prescribed in combination with other therapeutic measures, for example, physical therapy. The massage session lasts about 20 minutes. The duration of the course of treatment depends on the stage of development of the pathology, and on average ranges from 20 procedures.
After the massage procedure, in order to consolidate the effect, simple physical exercises are performed aimed at gentle stretching of the knee muscles and tendons.
To perform the procedure yourself, you can familiarize yourself with the proposed video of massage for gonarthrosis of the knee joint at the end of the article.
When diagnosing osteochondrosis, you should not self-medicate. The development of pathology is accompanied by necrosis of the bone tissue of the knee joint. It is necessary to follow medical prescriptions and try to eliminate the cause that led to the development of the pathology.
Among the main reasons causing the development of osteochondrosis are the following:
Osteochondrosis is manifested by pain of varying intensity, swelling and joint deformation (at the final stage of development).
The first stages of osteochondrosis are treated using traditional methods, combining medications and physiotherapeutic procedures, including massage sessions.
During the treatment of osteochondrosis, unlike other pathologies of the knee joint, bed rest is not prescribed. On the contrary, active procedures are prescribed in combination with proper nutrition. Massage for osteochondrosis of the knee joint helps strengthen muscle tissue, restore motor activity of the joint, reduce pain and reduce the time allotted for the recovery period.
If the pathology has become chronic, then short-term massage sessions (no more than 5) are performed. Any massage movements are performed only after the inflammation of the knee joint has been eliminated.
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Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including arthrosis of the knee joint, are dangerous due to their consequences, as well as the presence of pain that accompanies the patient throughout the entire illness. All therapeutic measures take this feature into account, therefore, first of all, the fight against negative symptoms is carried out. At the initial stage of the disease, one of the most effective ways to relieve pain is massage of the knee joint for arthrosis of almost any nature and course.
Correctly selected treatment tactics can significantly alleviate the patient’s condition. In addition, it perfectly complements conservative therapy for arthrosis in the knee joint.
Gonarthrosis (arthrosis of the knee) occurs as a result of premature destruction of cartilage tissue. Despite the fact that it is impossible to cure the disease with massage alone, it plays an active role in restoring the functionality of the joint and is prescribed in the following cases:
Massage performed for gonarthrosis involves kneading, stroking, rubbing, squeezing, etc.
Before starting the procedure, you must consult a doctor, as knee massage cannot be performed in the following cases:
Active physical impact on the limbs is excluded in case of varicose veins
In addition, it is not recommended to perform procedures if there is a ligament rupture and the patient has increased pain sensitivity.
Before starting the procedure, the patient is recommended to warm up the muscles and joints. For a quick effect, you can use a hot bath or shower, but this procedure should be performed extremely rarely, since high temperature can complicate the course of the disease. To obtain a lasting result, it is recommended to do the procedure daily for 10–15 minutes.
Knee massage includes 3 main techniques:
With a single procedure during the day, its duration should be 25–30 minutes, and with double sessions it is reduced to 10 minutes. Each action should be repeated 3 to 6 times and you need to massage not only the sore joint, but also the healthy one.
Before starting the procedure, a mandatory consultation with the attending physician is necessary to exclude possible contraindications.
There are the following massage methods used in the treatment of arthrosis in the knee joint:
These types of massage differ slightly from each other, however, they involve rubbing and stroking the affected joint, but Swedish massage is accompanied by additional movements of the affected knee itself.
Most often used as a treatment for pain. All actions are performed very carefully and gently, without unnecessary effort. The warm-up sequence is practically no different from the Swedish and Russian systems.
The technique of performing the procedure involves kneading the painful area with the pads of the thumbs, which requires strong and resilient hands
Dosed acupressure is prescribed to relieve tension from a specific area. In this case, it is important to take into account the general condition of the patient and the slightest deterioration requires adjustment or discontinuation of therapy.
Tactics for performing Shiatsu massage in the knee area
The amplitude of movements increases gradually. If there is no discomfort or pain, it can be increased to the maximum.
All types of massage have a therapeutic effect, but in each specific case of neutralizing the symptoms of gonarthrosis, the most suitable massage methods are used, among which are:
Classic massage for gonarthrosis is divided into several stages:
In some cases, an infrared massager is used, which has a double effect on the affected joint
Injured joints are accompanied by the development of swelling, hyperemia, pain and displacement of the patella. In this case, an individual approach is prescribed, including medication, surgery, physiotherapeutic measures and massage of the knee area to eliminate stiffness and restriction of movement in the joint.
After injuries, all movements are performed very carefully, with minimal loads, and only after some time they should be gradually increased
Thanks to this intervention after surgery, atrophic changes in muscle tissue are prevented, blood flow to the knee is increased and oxygen supply to the tissues is ensured. The duration of the procedure for damage is about 30 sessions, and for greater effectiveness it is recommended to combine the massage with heated medicinal oils and ointments.
After injury to the knee area, massage is performed in accordance with the following technique:
When performing a massage, a specialist first of all works on the lumbar region, thigh, middle part of the lower leg, and only at the end – the knee.
When performing a procedure independently, you cannot apply force in the area of the popliteal fossa, since vessels and veins are concentrated in this place. In addition, the massage is performed on both limbs. Self-massage of the knee joint allows you to relieve pain and relax the muscles as much as possible. For a session, 10–15 minutes 2 times a day are enough.
To effectively perform self-massage of the knee area at home, use the following steps:
Self-massage tactics
It is important to consider that self-massage for the knees should be performed in complex therapy and only after preliminary consultation with the attending physician, which will allow taking into account all contraindications and possible complications.
One of the effective ways to restore the functionality of a joint after arthroscopy is massage, which accelerates the regeneration of damaged tissue, prevents the appearance of postoperative swelling and restores the functionality of the joint. In this case, lymphatic drainage (manual) massage or a hardware method can be used.
When performing a massage, a small pillow or cushion is placed under the sore limb to increase blood flow. The procedure is performed exclusively by a specialist who makes sure that during the massage for the knee joints the patient does not experience pain or discomfort. In addition, in combination with massage, a course of physical therapy and physiotherapeutic measures are prescribed, which speeds up the recovery process.
In the course of research into the treatment tactics of gonarthrosis, Yale University (USA) obtained data on the positive impact of massage procedures on the patient’s recovery. According to the results of studies published in 2006, all participants who underwent massage experienced a significant reduction in pain and joint stiffness. Improved endurance and mobility. These indicators persisted for 2–3 weeks after the end of the full course of massage.
Some experts believe that at an early stage, massage for knee arthritis can be considered as an alternative to drug therapy. Considering that medications quite often cause a number of side effects affecting the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, kidney and liver functionality, massage is completely safe and effective.
The main condition for recovery is to reduce the load on the knee joint, so people with increased body weight are prescribed a special diet for weight loss, a gentle regime, restorative therapy and normalization of the psychological state. The question of which massage method should be used in a particular case is decided solely by the doctor. If all recommendations are followed, long-term remission and improvement in the patient’s general condition are noted.
Physiotherapy is a large branch of clinical medicine in which various physical factors are used to treat and rehabilitate patients. Physiotherapy methods are considered the safest and are used both independently and in combination with other treatment methods. These procedures are widely used in the treatment of arthrosis and restoration of patient health. methods for arthrosis include exercise therapy and massage, and physiotherapeutic procedures include laser and magnetic therapy, heat therapy, electrophoresis and cryotherapy. A separate point should be made about such a new direction as homeosynia.
Exercise for osteoarthritis is designed to strengthen the muscles around the affected joints and preserve the function of those joints by improving blood circulation in them. You need to do gymnastics in a lying or sitting position. The number of repetitions must be increased gradually; do not perform exercises through pain. Classes should be regular, 3-4 times a day for several minutes.
Here are a few exercises that are used in gymnastics for arthrosis of the hip joints :
For arthrosis, massage is useful because it warms up the joints, improves their blood supply, and relieves muscle spasms. In addition, it promotes the production of joint fluid and has an analgesic effect. To achieve these goals, the doctor uses the techniques of stroking, kneading, rubbing and effleurage. During the procedure, regular massage oils or ointments are used, which are prescribed for rubbing in arthrosis of the joints. Both manual massage and mechanical vibration are possible. Classic medical massage is one of the services of the GarantKlinik medical center.
Light, passing through the skin, acts with heat on the affected tissues and stimulates regeneration processes in them. The infrared laser has an analgesic effect on nerve endings, i.e. reduces their sensitivity and also helps normalize blood circulation in the affected area. Most often, this procedure is used if the patient has arthrosis of the spine, in particular the cervical or lumbar regions.
Eddy magnetic currents lead to heating of tissues at a depth of 10-12 cm. Consequently, for arthrosis, magnetic therapy is useful in that it increases the tone of blood vessels and accelerates recovery reactions in the body. In the affected joint, metabolic processes improve and inflammation disappears. 90% of patients note an improvement in their well-being after magnetic therapy sessions.
One of the types of heat therapy is ozokerite therapy. Ozokerite is a substance of petroleum origin that contains mineral oils, paraffins and resins. Used in the form of compresses or applications on the affected joint. The warming effect of ozokerite helps improve microcirculation and reduce joint pain.
The essence of the method is that medications are introduced into the body through intact skin using an electric current. Local administration of the drug allows you to avoid many side effects, moreover, the medicine hits the target exactly. Over several procedures, the pharmacological drug accumulates in the deep layers of the skin and its therapeutic effect is prolonged. For medicinal electrophoresis for arthrosis, novocaine, dimexide and other drugs are used that relieve pain and inflammation.
Cold treatment is a relatively new technique in the treatment of arthrosis. Under the influence of cooled gas, tissue swelling subsides, pain receptors are blocked, and increased muscle tone decreases. Thus, after cryotherapy sessions, joint pain is relieved and muscle spasm is eliminated.
Homeosiniatry is a method of treatment in which homeopathic remedies are introduced into biologically active points of the body. The injections are made superficially and there is no severe pain. A special scheme is being developed: at what points, what drugs should be injected and in what sequence. Homeopathic medicines and acupuncture points are selected by the doctor individually. This new treatment method is quite popular in the West, but it came to Russia quite recently. At GarantKlinik, specialists try to keep up with the times, and this modern technique for treating joint arthrosis is available to patients of our clinic.
Like any technique, physiotherapy for arthrosis has its contraindications. General contraindications include active inflammatory process in the joint, as well as pregnancy, concomitant mental and neurological diseases, tumor processes and active forms of tuberculosis. In addition, each specific procedure has its own limitations. Our clinic employs an orthopedic surgeon who can consult you on any questions you may have related to the treatment of arthrosis.
Properly performed massage for arthrosis of the knee joint can significantly alleviate the unpleasant symptoms of this disease. The great value of massage was known back in Ancient Greece, China and India. Today it is an excellent addition to traditional methods of treating knee arthrosis.
Knee arthrosis (gonarthrosis) occurs due to premature wear of the cartilage of the knee joint. Massage is not able to restore cartilage, but it helps restore the functionality of the joint and bring great benefits in the form of:
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The following types of massage therapy are recommended for patients with arthrosis of the knee joint:
During a massage using the Shiatsu method, dosed, targeted physical activity is simulated on certain (hard, painful) areas of the joint. Swedish and Russian techniques are similar in that they are characterized by the use of stroking and rubbing with the palms, but Swedish massage also includes movements of the directly affected joint, due to which a more pronounced effect is achieved. The Finnish technique is different in that all kneading movements are carried out with the thumbs.
The massage procedures themselves pursue the following goals:
This is done by rubbing, kneading, squeezing, stroking, etc.
Important: massage should be performed only by a qualified, experienced specialist and only if the patient has no contraindications to this procedure.
To the surprise of many patients, a massage session for the treatment of gonarthrosis does not begin with manipulations on the knee. Before the massage therapist gets to it, other parts of the body must be well prepared. With the classic procedure, the stages of massage for knee arthrosis look something like this:
During the session, the patient should not experience pain. Massage treatments performed in warm water or during/after a sauna are especially effective.
It is not difficult to completely restore JOINTS! The most important thing is to rub this into the sore spot 2-3 times a day.
The positive effect of massage on the course of gonarthrosis was proven in a clinical study conducted at Yale University (USA). The study involved 68 adults with this diagnosis. Some patients attended classic Swedish massage sessions twice a week during the first month and once a week during the second month of testing; the remaining participants led a normal lifestyle and did not resort to massage procedures.
The results, published in May 2006, were as follows: Study participants who received manual therapy experienced significant improvements in joint pain, stiffness, function, mobility and endurance. And even 2 weeks after the end of the course, the achieved effect was preserved.
In the second group of participants, all indicators remained unchanged.
In the early stages of the disease, massage can even be considered as an alternative to drug treatment for knee arthrosis. Taking medications can be accompanied by negative consequences for the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and liver. Manual therapy in this regard is safe and at the same time quite effective.
Complex therapy, along with massage, includes physiotherapy using paraffin and ozokerite, painkillers and massage oils, ointments and gels, exercise therapy for the feet, the use of hand massagers: spiked from natural minerals and wood, magnetic therapy, heating with hot stones (stone therapy), galvanotherapy with painkillers, mud. The set of procedures is aimed at restoring blood microcirculation in cartilage and tissues, delivering oxygen and nutrition to the problem area.
If flat feet, club feet and painful attacks are added to the deformation of the foot, it is necessary to massage not only the feet, but also the muscular system of the legs.
Position of the patient: lying with his back on the massage table, a cushion is placed under the knee and ankle.
To relax muscles with arthrosis of the ankle and foot, massage is first performed from the least painful bones and muscles, using stroking and kneading techniques and vibration.
Toe massage is performed:
Massage the sole from the side of the big toe. Use your knuckles to press firmly along one line, then stroke in the opposite direction. Pay attention to the edge of the sole from the inside, the edge of the bones and apply medium pressure outward.
Foot massage is performed:
If you have been in bed for a long time in case of acute arthrosis, traumatic arthrosis with severe pain in the area of the head of the third metatarsal bone and the development of a vicious position of the foot (emphasis on the heel and big toe) with fixation in an extended position, dorsiflexion occurs. At the same time, the muscles tense and the joint becomes stiff. In this case, massage only brings benefits, since the development of incorrect foot position is not allowed.
You can enhance the beneficial therapeutic effect of massage for arthrosis of the ankle joint with baths of a decoction of walnut leaves, bran or sea salt ( 300-400 g of salt ? The brine bath solution can be used several times.
Osteoarthritis is a chronic joint disease. Arthrosis is divided into primary and secondary. The causes of primary arthrosis are still unknown. Specialist scientists only assume that the disease occurs as a result of a metabolic disorder of cartilage tissue. This type of arthrosis includes nodular arthrosis of the joints of the hands.
Secondary arthrosis develops as a result of overload of the articular cartilage, i.e., as a result of excess body weight, decreased length of the lower limb, X- and 0-shaped lower leg, etc.
The main symptom of arthrosis is the presence of pain in the joint (arthralgia), which is mechanical in nature (occurs during exercise and disappears during moments of rest). There are other signs of the disease, they all depend on the location of the onset of arthrosis.
Massage for nodular arthrosis of the joints of the hands
With this disease, thickening of the interphalangeal joints of the hands occurs in the form of nodules, and the formation of rather dense, painful cysts near the nail bed. Arthrosis of the joints of the hands is accompanied by severe pain, impaired motor ability of the fingers, and the appearance of flexion contractures.
Massage is an effective treatment for arthrosis of the joints because it improves peripheral blood circulation, supplying the limbs and tissues of the diseased joint with oxygen and other nutrients.
The goals of massage for arthrosis of the joints:
1. Reducing pain.
2. Overcoming Stiffness.
3. Improving blood and lymph circulation in affected areas.
4. Prevention of joint stiffness and contracture development.
5. Improving the supply of limb tissues with oxygen and other nutrients.
6. Prevent muscle atrophy.
Massage of the back of the hand
On the dorsum of the hand, the intermetacarpal areas should be massaged in the direction from the knuckles to the wrist joint.
1. Straight-line stroking (in this case, it is necessary to stroke your fingers).
a) straight with the pads of four fingers;
b) zigzag with the pads of four fingers;
c) circular with the pads of four fingers;
e) circular with the pad of the thumb;
f) circular with the pad of the 3rd finger;
g) straight with the ulnar surface of the little finger;
h) circular shape with the ulnar surface of the palm across the hand;
i) spiral-shaped with the base of the palm.
Massage of fingers
Techniques should be performed in the direction from the fingertips to the knuckles,
1. Rubbing (each finger needs to be rubbed separately):
a) “pincer-shaped” rectilinear;
b) “pincer-shaped” zigzag;
c) straight with the pad of the thumb;
d) circular with the pad of the thumb;
e) circular with the pads of four fingers;
f) circular with the pad of the index finger;
g) circular with the ulnar surface of the palm;
h) spiral-shaped with the base of the palm.
2. Shaking the brush.
Deforming arthrosis of the hip joint. Treating illness with massage
Lower back massage
b) circle-shaped by the phalanges of bent fingers;
c) circular with the pads of the thumbs;
Lumbar massage
Rubbing techniques are performed:
a) straight with the pad of the thumb and the tubercle of the thumb;
b) circular with the pad of the thumb;
e) circular with the palmar surface of the hand.
Massage of the gluteal-sacral area
First you need to perform techniques on the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius muscles.
c) double ring;
e) circular with phalanges of bent fingers. Then knead on the sacral muscles:
a) circular with the pad of the thumb;
b) circular with the pads of four fingers;
c) circle-shaped by the phalanges of bent fingers;
On the muscles of the hip joint (next to the painful area) rubbing:
c) circular with phalanges of bent fingers.
Thigh muscle massage
D) circular phalanges of bent fingers;
Lower back muscle massage
The following techniques should be performed on the sore area of the back:
1. Stroking (2 or 3 types).
2. Squeezing (1 or 2 types).
Massage of the muscles of the sore hip joint
Massage techniques should be carried out in a gentle manner, gradually increasing the load on the massaged area. The best effect is usually achieved after 2-3 massage sessions. ; Kneading:
a) circular base of the palm;
d) circular with the knuckles of a fist;
e) circular with the ulnar surface of the index finger; f) circular base of the palm.
Despite the fact that self-massage for arthrosis cannot be called a panacea, it can still effectively relieve pain even without the use of expensive medications. In addition, if the massage is performed correctly and in a timely manner, then side effects on the body are almost impossible.
Thanks to specialized videos posted on many medical Internet sites, you can learn how to perform self-massage for arthrosis, adhering to the pace and tactics of professionals.
First of all, it is necessary to maintain a certain position during the procedure. You should sit on a chair and bend your legs at the knees at an angle of 90 degrees. For greater convenience, you can use a bench. When massaging the left knee, the corresponding hand should be on the outside. The second hand is on the opposite inner side.
Doctors recommend following special techniques during procedures:
The knee area of the leg is accessible and therefore almost every patient can act on it independently. They begin with warming up stroking movements, and then move on to kneading.
The session time is 10-15 minutes and no more than 5 times a week. You can massage three times a day, but for 5 minutes each. In each specific case, the duration of exposure will vary.
It is always necessary to massage both the sore and healthy leg.
You should never allow pain to develop during a massage, much less endure it. If discomfort begins, the procedure should be stopped immediately. Otherwise, there is a high probability of worsening inflammation in the limb.
After arthroscopy (surgical intervention aimed at treatment and diagnosis), massage of the knee joint will be the most effective way of rehabilitation. It will help you recover quickly and return to a full life as soon as possible.
You can eliminate postoperative swelling and prevent the development of complications thanks to:
It is necessary to use massage for arthrosis of the knee joint while using recommended painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs. If there has been surgery on the knee, then in this case the diseased joint should be fixed with a special bandage or elastic bandage.
For arthrosis of the knee joints, massage should not be focused only on the affected part of the limb. This can cause increased inflammation in the complete absence of positive dynamics from the sessions.
In addition, you cannot limit yourself to self-massage only. It is necessary to regularly visit certified massage therapists who can distribute the strength and degree of impact, performing the procedure using the following technology:
Any massage procedures should be carried out only after consultation with your doctor. If this is not done, then there is a high probability of intra-articular fluid leakage, infiltration into the inner part of the knee joint and many other undesirable processes, plus an exacerbation of arthrosis, which is an unpleasant phenomenon in itself.
Joint diseases are diseases with severe subjective symptoms and dysfunction that lead to loss of ability to work and disability of patients.
All joint diseases, based on clinicopathological and clinicoanatomical signs, are divided into two main groups - degenerative (arthrosis) and inflammatory (arthritis).
Massage is indicated for arthrosis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and gout.
Objectives of massage: reduce pain; relieve muscle tension, improve their trophism and tone; improve blood circulation in affected joints, surrounding skin and muscles; promote the resorption of exudate in the joints; counteract stiffness and development of contractures; help restore normal range of motion in joints; for rheumatoid arthritis, help improve the functioning of the heart and peripheral vessels; crush nodules in gouty arthritis; promote healing and strengthening of the body, reduce neurotic disorders.
Contraindications for prescribing massage: 1. General contraindications that exclude prescribing massage. 2. Acute stage of new-onset joint disease. 3. Chronic forms of osteomyelitis. 4. Active tuberculosis of bones and joints. 5. New growths of bones, joints, infections. 6. Secondary synovitis in patients with deforming arthrosis (massage on healthy joints is allowed). 7. Dystrophic process with bone-like restructuring of the articulating bones (often observed in the third stage of the disease). 8. Humeral-scapular periarthrosis in combination with sympathoglionitis.
Deforming arthrosis is a common disease of the musculoskeletal system of a dystrophic nature.
Deforming arthrosis is observed in all joints of the limbs and spine. The causes of its occurrence include prolonged physical overexertion, leading to mechanical overload and wear of articular cartilage, tissue nutritional disturbances due to degenerative changes in the vessels supplying the joint, the influence of chronic intoxication, as well as a decrease in the amount of lubricating fluid.
Arthrosis develops slowly, without leading to severe dysfunction of the joints.
Patients complain of pain, usually dull in nature, with pain intensifying in the evening and decreasing after a night's sleep. Mobility in the joints is limited, there is deformation of the joints, the articular surfaces of the bones change, and osteophytes (bone growths) appear along their edges.
In diseases, the skin loses its elasticity, moves poorly, and can become thickened and compacted.
With dystrophic changes in articular cartilage, slight atrophy of nearby large muscle groups is observed. In the presence of contractures and ankylosis, muscle strength is reduced.
Arthrosis is most often observed in large joints - the knee and hip, but small joints are also affected, for example, in the spine (spondyloarthrosis).
This disease is more often observed in dancers, athletes, typists, and long-distance car drivers.
There are three stages of the disease: early, mature and old (P.G. Tsarfis, 1971).
The early stage is characterized by rapid fatigue in the limbs, especially after physical exertion, a slight decrease in musculoskeletal function, a slight limitation of movements and mild muscle wasting. X-ray reveals a slight narrowing of the joint space.
In the second stage of arthrosis (mature), the pain syndrome intensifies, especially during movement and when the weather changes. The function of movement is disrupted, a crunch appears in the joints, the joint capsule thickens, locomotor function is impaired, and muscle wasting is more pronounced. X-ray examination shows a clear narrowing of the joint space, periarticular bone growths and osteophytosis.
The third stage of the disease (old) is characterized by significant pain not only in the joints during flexion and extension, but also at rest, especially at night, when walking up the stairs, a crunching sound can be heard while moving. Joints are deformed, musculoskeletal function is reduced. X-ray examination already shows extensive osteophytosis, joint deformation, severe narrowing of the joint space, hardening of soft tissues and even cyst-like formations in the metaepiphyses.
Along the course of the process, arthrosis can have acute, subacute stages and a period of remission.
During the period of exacerbation of the disease, rest and unloading of the affected joint should be ensured.
In the subacute period, therapeutic exercises are combined with massage to increase mobility in the affected joint and normalize the muscle tone of the limb. To better unload the joint and increase the joint space, traction along the axis of the limb is used. Underwater traction is especially widely used in the treatment of degenerative diseases of large joints (knee and hip).
During the period of remission, all treatments should be aimed at strengthening the muscle groups adjacent to the joint, fully restoring and maintaining the achieved range of motion in the affected joint, as well as increasing the physical performance of patients.
Deforming arthrosis in the knee and hip joints is one of the most common forms of pathology of the musculoskeletal system and ranks first among all joint diseases in terms of prevalence.
With deforming arthrosis, the articular cartilage becomes unfibered, becomes thinner, cracks, loses its shock-absorbing properties and can no longer soften the constant impacts of the joint and body during movements, walking, and jumping. During the development of arthrosis, osteochondral growths form in the joint, which deform the joint, which is why arthrosis is called deforming.
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is provoked by excess body weight, varicose veins, and flat feet.
In the initial stage of the disease, with arthrosis of the knee and hip joints, the quadriceps femoris muscle is strained, which in turn strains the fascia lata of the thigh, as well as the adductor muscle group of the thigh, calf and gluteal muscles, which is combined with their hypotrophy.
Upon palpation, compactions are detected in the periarticular tissues of the affected joint. These changes in the skin and underlying tissues are expressed in the form of compactions of various sizes from a wheat grain to a pea. When moving, a characteristic crunching sound is heard. As a result of exudative changes, the knee joint acquires a spherical shape.
Secondary synovitis often develops as a manifestation of reactive inflammation of the synovial membrane of the affected joint. Synovitis is manifested by swelling, absence of skin folds over the joint, sometimes redness of the skin, and increased temperature of the skin over the joint. Deforming arthrosis requires long-term and systematic complex treatment, including various medications, physiotherapeutic procedures, physical therapy, massage, traction, etc.
For arthrosis of the joints, a massage session always begins with the corresponding reflexogenic zones of the spine. For example, with arthrosis of the joints of the upper limb, the cervicothoracic paravertebral zones of innervation - D 2 - C 4 spinal segments are massaged; for arthrosis of the joints of the lower limb - lumbosacral and lower thoracic paravertebral innervation zones S 3 - S 1? L 5 - C, D12 - DP spinal segments.
We offer a detailed massage technique for deforming arthrosis of the knee joint
Before performing a massage, the massage therapist must examine the functions of movement in the joint, identify the presence of contractures, ankylosis, clarify the condition of the muscles (hypotrophy, tone, strength), and also identify pain points.
Massaged area. The lumbosacral region (including the gluteal muscles), thigh, lower leg and knee joint.
Massage on the lumbosacral region. The patient lies on his stomach, arms along the body, a cushion under the feet. They use the techniques of longitudinal alternating stroking, longitudinal squeezing, superficial rubbing (sawing, with the radial edge of the hand), kneading on the gluteal muscles (single, double circular) and shaking. Next, deep rubbing is carried out on the sacrum and lower back (with the pads of four fingers, the pad of the thumb) and continuous vibration with the pads of the fingers.
When influencing the reflexogenic zones of the lumbosacral region, the massage is carried out in the direction from the lower spinal segments to the overlying ones. All techniques should be carried out rhythmically, smoothly, effortlessly.
Then the thigh muscles are massaged. It should be remembered that with arthrosis of the knee joint, the extensor muscles are more susceptible to atrophy, which leads to the development of flexion contracture of the knee joint. In this case, the attachment points of the flexor muscles are brought closer together, and the antagonist muscles (quadriceps femoris) are overstretched. Therefore, massage of the thigh muscles is carried out differentially, that is, in order to normalize muscle tone on the back surface of the thigh, relaxing techniques should be used for muscle groups with increased tone, and tonic techniques should be used on the muscles of the front surface of the thigh for hypotonic, hypotrophic and weakened muscles.
First, the muscles of the back of the thigh are massaged using the following techniques: alternate stroking, kneading (longitudinal forceps, ordinary, longitudinal, muscle stretching) and shaking. After this, the patient lies on his back, a cushion is placed under the knee joint and the massage continues on the front surface of the thigh. The techniques used are alternating stroking, transverse squeezing, comb-like rubbing, kneading (single, double ring, transverse tong-shaped, fingers bent with phalanges), percussive techniques and shaking. Impact techniques should be performed across muscle fibers to increase muscle tone and reduce muscle atrophy. Massage should not cause pain in the patient.
Next, the lower leg muscles are massaged in the same differentiated manner . When massaging the front surface of the leg, the patient's leg is bent at the hip and knee joints, the heel rests on the couch, and the toes rest on the thigh of the massage therapist sitting on the edge of the couch. From the same starting position, the back surface of the lower leg is also massaged, but the foot is placed on the couch under the massage therapist’s thigh, which allows complete relaxation of the calf muscle. The shin can also be massaged while being massaged while lying on its side.
Then the affected knee joint is massaged directly. For deforming arthrosis of the knee joint, the lateral ligaments of the joint (tibial and fibular ligaments), patellar ligaments, joint capsule and joint gap are massaged separately.
First, a general effect is applied to the knee joint using concentric stroking and rubbing with the radial edge of the hand. All movements are performed from bottom to top. If after the preparatory massage there is no pain, then you can proceed directly to the massage, starting with rubbing the patella (with the edge of the palm and the pad of the thumb).
In this case, the patient's leg is extended. Rubbing with the edge of the palm is carried out around the kneecap and is performed along and counterclockwise until hyperemia appears around the patella. The pads of the thumbs massage the patellar ligaments. In this case, the massage therapist places his fingers below the patella 1-2 cm in the area of the tibial tuberosity and, moving upward, goes around the patella, carefully massaging the patellar ligament and yes
It is then directed upward to the thigh along the tendons of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Particular care should be taken to massage the tendon attachment site.
After massaging the patella, they move on to rubbing the lateral surfaces of the joint, where the tibial and fibular ligaments are located. A cushion is placed under the patient's knee. They use rubbing techniques with the pad of the thumb, the pads of four fingers and “tongs”. In areas of swelling and pain, the techniques should be carried out carefully and carefully. To eliminate effusions in the joints and swelling of the periarticular tissues, massage is performed using the “suction” technique.
Then, using the pads of the thumbs, rub the joint capsule between the quadriceps tendon and the lateral ligaments of the joint. Next, the joint gap is massaged on the front surface with your thumbs. The knee joint gap is determined by palpating the front sides of the patella in a bent position of the knee joint.
The joint gap is massaged starting from the second or third session, after preliminary exposure to the muscle tendons, places of their attachment, joint ligaments and muscles. After rubbing the joint, massage the front surface of the thigh again, but it is recommended to halve the number of repetitions of the techniques. Then they again move on to massaging the joint, performing stroking, then passively moving the kneecap in different directions, repeating the technique 2-3 times.
After this, carefully make movements. First, perform 1-2 times to determine the range of motion in the joint, and then passive movements (flexion and extension 5-7 times, rotation of the lower leg in and out 5-7 times in each direction, while the leg is bent at the knee). It should be noted that flexion and extension in the affected joint is carried out to the maximum possible extent in order to prevent wrinkling of the periarticular tissues and joint capsule, as well as the formation of contractures. Exercises are performed until mild pain appears.
It is recommended to perform active exercises in the knee joint in the form of swinging movements (rocking). Swing movements are performed from the starting position while sitting on a chair or couch (legs hanging). Flexion and extension are performed smoothly with increasing amplitude (until mild pain). All movements increase blood supply and increase joint mobility. In places where pain appears, movements alternate with stroking.
1.2. The duration of the massage session is 10-15-20 minutes. Massage course - 20-25 sessions, every other day. In patients with secondary synovitis, when the knee joints are predominantly affected, classical massage can be performed using a gentle technique after the manifestations of secondary inflammation have subsided. More intense effects are allowed after 5-6 sessions.
3. In the subacute period, massage is especially effective when combined with mineral baths and mud therapy.
4. Massage must be combined with therapeutic exercises. In the subacute period of the disease of the upper extremities, exercises are performed in a sitting or standing position, and in case of damage to the joints of the lower extremities, exercises are performed lying or standing without support on the affected leg.
5. In case of arthrosis of the joints of the lower extremities, overloading the spine is prohibited: prolonged standing and walking, carrying heavy objects, playing sports that contribute to joint trauma and increasing load (weightlifting, wrestling, boxing, football, hockey, figure skating), as well as dancing and gymnastics (jumping, beam exercises).
During the period of remission during the day, it is advisable to repeatedly take short rests in a lying position, during which it is useful to perform gymnastic exercises in order to avoid trophic changes in the periarticular tissues from inactivity. For the same purpose, swimming is recommended, as well as cycling, which relieves stress on the joints. Too sharp a restriction of motor function can lead to an increase in body weight, which is unfavorable for sore joints.
6. To better unload large joints and increase the joint space, it is recommended to use traction along the axis of the limb, which is carried out with a load fixed in the ankle joint. For deforming arthrosis of large joints, underwater traction is performed at a water temperature of 34-35°C. It should be noted that underwater traction at a higher temperature (over 34-35°C) and for a duration of more than 30 minutes is contraindicated for elderly people, as well as in the presence of concomitant diseases of the cardiovascular system.