During the process of rehabilitation after a long stay of a leg in a cast or Ilizarov apparatus, a person often encounters many unpleasant phenomena, including soft tissue swelling, joint contractures and muscle atrophy.
One of the most effective and necessary indications for how to develop a leg after an ankle fracture, for example, is massage, often aimed at both eliminating muscle atrophy and treating severely limited joint mobility (contracture).
Restoration of limb function occurs by prescribing various supportive measures to the patient, such as massage, therapeutic exercises, exercises and physiotherapeutic treatment.
Massage helps accelerate blood circulation, dilate skin vessels, increase blood supply to tissues, improve their nutrition and metabolism. It plays a vital role in the rehabilitation of an injured leg. A person who has broken a bone, when the period of being in a cast ends, is often prescribed therapeutic rubbing to quickly return the functionality of the injured part of the body.
This practice is aimed not only at treating congestion, atrophy and contractures, but also at increasing the overall muscle tone of the limb, restoring its elasticity, as well as restoring the patient’s motor activity as quickly as possible. In addition, it helps to cope with swelling that occurs above and below the bone fracture site.
Therapeutic massage is focused on normalizing the flow of lymph and blood flow, which are disrupted when the leg is forced to remain in one position for a long time.
Massage can be used in different ways, depending on the location and severity of the injury. In some cases, it turns out to be acceptable and effective from the very first days of the fracture, if it was closed.
In such cases, therapeutic manipulations are used on areas not covered with plaster (for example, when an ankle is broken, the thigh is often rubbed, and only after that they are lowered to the open part of the injured leg and foot).
If one limb is damaged, massage is also used for the healthy limb, in order to avoid painful sensations with strong unilateral load. When a limb is fractured in the hip area, it is necessary to cover the area of the back and pelvic girdle; to achieve maximum effect, knead the back and both legs, starting from the thighs and ending with the legs and feet. This type of massage takes the longest time and requires considerable effort. Most often it is performed by a chiropractor or a specialist in the field.
Muscle rubbing is carried out in a circular, longitudinal or transverse direction with significant pressure in order to reach not only the skin, but also penetrate deep-lying tissues. Actions are performed with the tips of the fingers, the base of the palm and the tubercles of the thumbs. These actions make it possible to more effectively speed up blood flow and restore the necessary functions of the leg muscles.
In medical practice, rubbing is often prescribed using regenerating oils (for example, cedar), as well as ointments aimed at eliminating tissue swelling (for example, Bystrumgel, Venolife, Hepatrombin, etc.).
Superficial, circular and stroking self-massage can be performed several times a day by the patient himself, however, as prescribed by a doctor, under his control and supervision.
The technique of kneading an injured limb is divided into stages. The first stage begins with intense stroking aimed at warming up the tissues and preparing them for further manipulation. Rubbing and stroking are done with the surface of the palm, with a relaxed hand. This is followed by squeezing, where the brush is placed edgewise and movements are made across the damaged tissue.
The third stage is alternating several types of rubbing (rubbing with forceps, fingertips, alternately performed with five and four fingers, and rubbing with phalanges, where the fingers are in a bent position). The final stage is shaking the injured limb. The duration of rubbing depends on the well-being and sensations of the patient. Manipulations should not cause obvious discomfort, much less severe pain.
Contraindications to massage also exist . Among them are various general circulatory disorders, skin diseases and cardiovascular pathologies. They should be taken into account in accordance with the intensity of manipulation and impact zones.
To quickly restore leg function, along with massage, thermal procedures are also prescribed. These include baths, compresses and heating (for example, using paraffin). The patient can also produce most of them at home.
Often, the recovery process also includes a number of physiotherapeutic procedures, which, unlike thermal procedures and rubbing, can be performed on an outpatient or inpatient basis. Physiotherapy includes UV irradiation, interference currents, electrophoresis, and irradiation with a Sollux lamp.
These procedures are aimed at improving tissue trophism; they are focused more on preventing the occurrence of complications than on their direct treatment and recovery. Physiotherapy is not as significant in rehabilitation as the above methods, but it helps speed up recovery and has a beneficial effect on the overall condition of the body.
An important stage in restoring the functions of a limb is sports, so the patient is prescribed physical therapy and special exercises aimed at combating joint immobility (flexion and extension contracture). Among the exercises that the patient can perform at home are the following: leg swings, scissor exercises and bicycle exercises. All of them are aimed at normalizing the functioning of muscles and soft tissues. Pressing the lower limbs on a ball, moderate flexion and extension in the hip and knee joints also play an important role in the rehabilitation period.
The volume and intensity of physical rehabilitation exercises should be increased only after complete fusion of the bones . Swimming also helps greatly in the process of restoring the functions of the limbs.
You should be prepared for the fact that general rehabilitation may take several times longer than fusion of the bones of the lower extremities. This is explained by the fact that the restoration of soft tissues and blood vessels after a fracture takes longer than the consolidation of bone tissue.
If the patient follows the doctor’s orders, practices massage, exercises and follows a balanced diet rich in vitamins and microelements, rehabilitation will be quick and painless, and the injured leg will soon gain full functionality and regain all its necessary functions.
Not a single fracture goes away without tissue swelling, so it is understandable that a person who has been injured is interested in how to relieve leg swelling after a fracture. When a bone in the foot, lower leg, knee, thigh, or other part of the leg is damaged, the limb begins to swell due to fluid accumulating in the tissues. This is due to the fact that blood circulation and lymph outflow are disrupted at the site of injury. This condition appears immediately after receiving damage or after some time. There are cases when swelling after a fracture occurs around an already fused bone.
Most often, swelling occurs if a person breaks an ankle or after a heel fracture. The fusion of bones in these places takes a longer period, because the heel and ankle bear a greater load.
The tumor in the lower parts of the leg is more noticeable than, for example, after a fracture of the fibula. In case of serious injuries, when the ligamentous apparatus is damaged, very severe swelling occurs, which is also called “elephantiasis.” If left untreated, such swelling can often persist for years.
If the swelling of the leg during a fracture is very large, then this impairs the motor function of the limb. In this condition, a visit to the doctor should be immediate, because swelling may occur due to the fact that one of the important arteries is pinched by a broken bone. If you have a broken leg, you should not do therapeutic massage or exercise without consulting a doctor, as this can lead to complications. But complete inaction causes the damaged limb to completely atrophy.
When the leg swells after the cast is removed, the patient may experience painful sensations similar to those experienced at the time of injury. In addition, the broken limb begins to change its color, becoming blue again, although the bruise from the damage has long passed. After a comminuted or intra-articular fracture, swelling may not go away longer and spread to the entire leg.
Few people know why swelling appears after a fracture, as well as for what reasons they do not go away for a long time. During treatment of a fracture, a plaster cast is applied to the patient's leg. In the process of prolonged immobilization of the limb, the bone heals correctly, all symptoms disappear. But sometimes it happens that after some time, after the patient’s plaster is removed and rehabilitation begins, swelling forms at the site of the injury.
This complication is called lymphostasis. Experts say that the occurrence of lymphatic edema occurs due to the fact that during prolonged immobilization the outflow and production of lymph is disrupted. This mainly happens from injuries that occurred during a fracture: due to rupture of blood vessels, surrounding tissues, nerves, muscles, lymph nodes, ligaments.
This pathology is also called elephantiasis. During it, the patient faces cystosis, ulcers, fibrosis and other complications. Quite often, not only the area where the swelling does not go away thickens, but also the skin above it thickens. How long this condition can last depends on the treatment.
Swelling after a fracture can be relieved using traditional methods, alternative methods and traditional medicine.
Relieving swelling after a fracture is possible with the help of various creams, ointments and gels. Topical agents improve lymph flow and blood flow in the injured limb, as a result of which the swelling goes away. For this purpose, drugs are used that contain a direct anticoagulant - heparin. It prevents blood from clotting and helps relieve any swelling.
Doctors can also treat leg fractures (especially the femur) with topical anti-inflammatory medications. Ichthyol or ketoprofen ointment is often prescribed to relieve swelling. Such drugs have a warming effect, relieve tumors and generally have a good therapeutic effect for leg fractures.
To make the inflammation that contributes to the formation of swelling go away faster, doctors carry out physiotherapeutic procedures:
Naturally, no one undergoes these procedures with a leg in a cast; they are prescribed only during the recovery period, when the plaster cast has already been removed. The attending doctor decides how many procedures are required for recovery.
Relieving swelling after a fracture occurs faster if you use a variety of oils. More often, patients use cedar and fir oil. They regenerate cells and warm. In addition, treatment with white clay compresses has worked well. Here are some recipes to help cope with swelling:
Do not forget that any treatment using traditional medicine must be agreed with the treating doctor.
Most often, leg swelling after a fracture occurs in the evening. If the foot is swollen, the patient quickly gets tired and cannot fully walk or move his leg. Due to the fact that tissue swelling causes great discomfort and inconvenience to the patient, he begins to think about how to relieve swelling after a leg fracture.
If the leg is very swollen and does not even allow you to get out of bed, you need to urgently call an ambulance, which will take the patient to the department of vascular pathologies. A pinched large artery is very dangerous and requires immediate treatment.
Edema is the accumulation of some fluid in the soft tissues of the body. Often after a leg fracture, you may notice swelling of the injured limb. This occurs because blood flow to this area of the body has been disrupted. Swelling most often occurs only with a leg injury. It can appear either immediately after the initial injury or develop after a significant period of time, despite the fact that all traces of the fracture have long since healed.
Typically, swelling resulting from a leg injury is a long-term and persistent phenomenon. Often the cause of such consequences of injury, in addition to poor blood flow, is damage or disruption of the integrity of muscle tissue, muscles or ligaments, disruption of their normal functioning.
When swelling of the injured leg appears, the patient most often experiences severe aching pain at the fracture site. You may also notice a change in the color of the skin in this area. If the leg fracture was open, comminuted, displaced, or intra-articular, then the swelling can cover not only the injured part of the limb, but also its entirety.
Sometimes patients with such injuries may lose sensitivity of the skin at the fracture site, experience constant pain in this place, and the person’s motor activity often decreases. It is because of this that complications can develop and controversial situations arise among traumatologists during examination and treatment.
There are often cases when, after applying a plaster by medical workers, the bones heal well, and after removing the bandage, the skin and tissues remain without visible damage, however, after a certain period of time, during the patient’s rehabilitation, swelling of the previously injured limb occurs.
Such problems are mainly considered lymphatic, which gives them the name “lymphedema”.
Lymphatic edema occurs as a result of disruption of the production and drainage of lymph. And as a result of a fracture, not only bones can be damaged, but also nearby tissues, blood vessels, muscles, ligaments, nerves, lymph nodes, etc. As a result of the appearance of lymphostasis, complications may arise that manifest themselves in the form of elephantiasis, cysts, ulcers, fibrosis, and others. There are cases when, with swelling of the tissue, not only does it thicken, but also in the place where the injury occurred, thickening of the skin occurs.
If the integrity of the ligaments is violated, movements in the joints are limited, or, conversely, excessive mobility appears in them. Because of this, the joints swell more, which is the cause of bone growths and the development of ivory disease.
If any symptoms of swelling of the leg appear after a fracture, you should immediately consult a doctor; ignoring them will entail far from the most pleasant consequences.
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Modern medications or procedures prescribed by a doctor can easily relieve leg swelling after a serious injury. There are several methods for eliminating swelling of the extremities: folk, traditional and alternative.
Traditional methods include the use of various gels, creams and ointments, which help improve lymph flow, as well as blood flow. To apply this method of treatment, drugs containing heparin, anti-inflammatory substances and topical ketoprofen-containing drugs are used.
In addition to drugs that are used only externally, various physical procedures are also used, such as UV irradiation, electrophoresis, electrical stimulation, etc. However, it is always worth remembering that traditional treatment methods do not always give the patient the opportunity to see results in a short period of time.
Here are some examples of what a doctor may prescribe to relieve leg swelling after a fracture:
Ketoprofen or ichthyol ointment, they have a warming effect, improve blood flow and lymph outflow. They should be applied no more than 2-3 times during the day, gently rubbing into the skin area until completely absorbed;
Hydromassage or even regular massage will also promote better blood supply to damaged tissues and improve the production and drainage of lymph. You can entrust the massage to a specialist, however, if you wish, you can do it at home yourself after being advised by an experienced massage therapist;
Electrical muscle stimulation also has beneficial effects on tissue and muscle after injury;
UV irradiation of the fracture site;
If traditional treatment methods do not help, then you should turn to proven traditional medicine. This will give faster results.
Treatment with this method involves rubbing a variety of special oils into the area where the fracture occurred. Fir, cedar and other oils that have a warming effect and tissue regeneration can be used as rubbing oils. Compresses using special clay or tinctures are also used (some of them can be taken orally).
Here are some examples of traditional treatments that are the most effective in relieving swelling after a fracture of the lower extremities:
Blue clay is used. A small cake is made from it, which should completely cover the damaged area. And it is applied to the site of injury for 40-60 minutes. This compress can be done 2-3 times a day;
Fir oil is thoroughly rubbed into the skin where tissue swelling is observed. The procedure should be done immediately after sleep and before it. This recipe is used most often and is the most effective;
Arnica infusion. A few tablespoons of the crushed plant are poured with boiling water; approximately 30 g of arnica is taken per 1 liter of liquid. Leave everything for about 60 minutes, filter through several layers of gauze. The resulting infusion is used for lotions and compresses, which are applied for 1/4 hour shortly before bedtime.
Author of the article: Yulia Valerievna Vafaeva, nephrologist; Kaplan Alexander Sergeevich, traumatologist, orthopedist
No one is safe from a broken leg. It happens that after the bone tissue has fused, the limb loses mobility. Physiotherapeutic procedures are recommended for recovery.
If we talk about rehabilitation, it is advisable to mobilize the injured limb as early as possible, but after consultation with the doctor.
The basis of treatment for all fractures, especially in the first days and weeks, is minimal mobility of the injured limb and its fixation in an elevated position. However, the lack of movement, as a rule, negatively affects blood circulation and contributes to the development of rigidity of its muscular system, which leads to impairment of the functional capabilities of the limb. According to the recommendations of the attending physician, rehabilitation measures begin.
The concept of “rehabilitation measures” means a whole range of restorative procedures , selected individually, depending on the severity of the injury and disorders in the soft tissues both during the fracture itself and during the period of bone fusion.
The course is aimed at maximizing the restoration of the normal functioning of the circulatory system, the return of motor functions and a person’s ability to work. It may include the following procedures:
taking certain nutritional supplements
electromyostimulation (for prevention, in some cases it can be carried out even at stages when movement is prohibited),
TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation),
Traumatologist Victor Kotyuk recommends applying dry cold to the injured limb (3-7 times a day) for the first 2-3 days, both through the soft part of the splint, plaster, and directly to the skin. To avoid frostbite, exposure time on the skin should not exceed 5-7 minutes. If you cool it through a plaster cast, it can take more than an hour.
Thermal procedures for any injuries are used no earlier than after 10-14 days. For fractures - later.
In case of heel fractures (intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus), in order to avoid further deformation of the foot, the doctor must correctly set the bone fragments and model the plaster accordingly. This is done with the surface of the damaged area closed, but more often through surgery.
For serious injuries to the ankle, lower leg, knee or heel, the doctor can prescribe a set of rehabilitation physiotherapeutic procedures (magnetic therapy, UHF, ultrasound, electrophoresis, TENS, electromyostimulation, shock wave therapy) and select the mode and dosage of each of them (for example, the use of pulsed UHF or continuous mode).
For effective rehabilitation and restoration of motor activity of the leg after a fracture, physical therapy, a varied diet, and vitamin complexes are also very important. It is important that when performing special physical therapy exercises, the loads increase gradually.
In case of a fracture with bone crushing , including displacement of its fragments, the rehabilitation period is longer than with an uncomplicated closed fracture. This is due to the fact that a complex fracture requires a longer period of immobile fixation of the limb to form a callus at the site of injury. This means that the consequences of lack of movement can be significant.
If the leg bone is destroyed in several places , then doctors do not recommend unnecessarily overloading the limb.
For a fractured leg during the recovery period, the following rehabilitation methods are used:
Exercise therapy – strictly dosed special physical activity;
electromagnetic and ultrasound therapy;
procedures to help relieve symptoms associated with functional disorders.
Exercises for ankle rehabilitation
Physiotherapy is nothing more than an integrated approach that combines many procedures with multidirectional effects. For example:
in the early stages of recovery after fractures, UHF heating and ultrasound are used to reduce swelling, reduce pain, improve microcirculation and lymph flow at the site of bone fusion;
After removing the plaster cast, electrophoresis, phonophoresis, laser therapy and drug treatment are used. For complex fractures, myostimulation is additionally prescribed.
Exercise therapy (physical therapy) is a set of special physical activities that help increase the functional activity of the leg. Thanks to the use of exercise therapy, it is possible to prevent the degenerative process in the tissues of the injured limb and prevent the development of atrophy and rigidity of muscle tissue.
The result after exercise therapy is improved blood circulation and strengthening of the leg muscles.
Electromyostimulation (neurostimulation, myostimulation, myolifting, physiostimulation) is the effect of pulsed currents on the neuromuscular system, due to which blood supply and lymphatic drainage are activated, muscle tone and response speed are improved.
Magnetotherapy is a passive oscillatory effect of a magnetic field that helps increase muscle strength, form proper muscle reactivity and improve coordination of movement. The method gives an excellent effect in the treatment and recovery after complex fractures.
Massage improves blood and lymph circulation.
Each of the listed types of rehabilitation treatment has its own effect. The functionality of the damaged part of the body often depends on their correct purpose and implementation, not only in the post-traumatic period, but also in the patient’s future life.
However, according to Dr. Kotyuk, they should be selected individually. For example, if swelling persists, then decongestant physiotherapeutic methods are used, and for pain, painkillers are used. If no problems are observed, then physical therapy may not be used. In addition, many of these methods have a number of contraindications - cancer, severe heart rhythm disturbances, and for some, high blood pressure.
This article talks about ways to reduce swelling in a broken leg. The medications and home remedies used are described.
Any fracture is accompanied not only by a violation of the integrity of the bone, but also by external symptoms. In particular, this is swelling of the limb. It causes certain inconvenience to a person, especially if a plaster cast is used as treatment. How to relieve leg swelling after a fracture using various methods?
Traumatic swelling occurs with any fracture. Its appearance is due to the following factors:
Swelling can spread far beyond the fracture (photo).
Removing swelling after a broken leg is carried out simultaneously with the treatment of the injury itself.
The presence of swelling is taken into account when applying plaster. If you apply a plaster cast to a leg with severe swelling, after it subsides, the plaster will weaken and will not have a therapeutic effect.
How to relieve leg swelling after a fracture? Various methods are used for this – from taking medications to traditional medicine.
Medicines used to reduce swelling are taken orally and applied to the skin.
Table. Drugs to eliminate edema.
You can purchase these medications at any pharmacy. The price of different products varies quite a lot, you can choose the most optimal one.
How to relieve swelling in the leg after a fracture using physiotherapeutic techniques?
As an additional remedy to medications, the doctor must prescribe physical therapy for fractures:
These methods help improve microcirculation in the fracture area and strengthen the vascular wall. Due to this, swelling is reduced and pain is relieved, and bone regeneration occurs quickly.
Massaging the injured limb has an effect similar to physiotherapy. Muscle relaxation occurs and vascular spasm is eliminated. Blood circulation in the damaged area is restored. A specialist will tell you more about the technique of massage for a fracture in the video in this article.
How to relieve swelling of the legs after a fracture using folk remedies?
For this purpose, you can use several recipes.
Important! Folk remedies should be used carefully, as an allergic reaction may occur.
Knowing how to relieve leg swelling after a fracture can significantly improve a person’s well-being.
Any tissue injury can cause swelling. To promote rapid tissue restoration after a fracture, it is necessary to do therapeutic exercises, massage and follow the doctor’s recommendations.
Any injury leads to tissue damage, a broken leg is no exception. Swelling of the leg after a fracture is normal, since injury leads to disruption of blood flow and natural drainage of lymph. This occurs due to a disruption in the mutual exchange between blood and tissue fluid through capillary walls, which become more permeable.
More often, swelling is observed after fractures of the ankle or heel, since the swelling in these places is more noticeable, and the bones take longer to heal due to the heavy load on this area. Usually, after removing the cast, there is no pain, only muscle stiffness, fatigue and swelling are felt. You can do nothing with such swelling, since after gradual restoration of blood vessels and improvement of blood circulation, it will disappear on its own.
If the injury was serious, then not only the tissue, but also the ligaments (especially in the heel area) can be damaged, which leads to very severe, so-called elephantiasis. If you do not respond to this symptom and do not visit a doctor, then swelling can bother you for a very long time, even several years.
It happens that the swelling after a fracture is very extensive and large, the limb is almost immobilized. This condition requires an urgent visit to the doctor, since the cause of such swelling may be pinching of one of the important arteries by the bone. You should not start doing gymnastics, massages or applying ointments to the swelling. These methods are powerless in this case, and inaction can lead to complete atrophy of the limb.
Treatment of edema due to a broken leg is aimed at quickly restoring blood circulation. Typically, gymnastics and therapeutic massages are used. It is necessary to do therapeutic exercises in the first days without putting any strain on the sore leg. Over time, gradually, the load needs to be increased, but if pain appears during gymnastics, then it needs to be reduced.
It is necessary to massage not the fracture itself, but the muscles, since massage improves blood circulation, which leads to faster restoration of damaged tissues. It is generally forbidden to touch the bone to avoid the formation of excess callus.
Ointments that improve blood circulation in damaged tissues will help relieve swelling from a broken leg. These include ointments:
Mandatory in treatment is the use of:
All these procedures are carried out in a physiotherapy room. You should not expect an immediate cure, as the recovery process is quite long.
You can quickly relieve swelling in your ankle or heel by using an ankle restraint. It must be worn for the first few weeks after the cast is removed. You can also use elastic bandages. It is necessary to limit the load on the joints of the affected leg.
For moderate pain, you can do hydromassage and gymnastics in a bath filled with hot water. This will also speed up tissue repair.
If the swelling lasts a long time, then you can try to remove it with the help of regenerating oil, such as fir, cedar oil and others. They also resort to using compresses made from clay. You can use different tinctures, such as tincture:
It is possible to use some herbal infusions internally. It is worth remembering that treatment with traditional medicine can be started after consultation with a doctor.
A good remedy for swelling are salt baths and herbal decoction baths. Procedures with ozokeratite, wax and magnetic therapy can also improve blood circulation. They also have the ability to prevent bruising.
In order to get rid of swelling after any fracture (heel, leg, etc.) you can use this very effective remedy. Grind:
Add olive oil (50 ml), grind until smooth and put on low heat. After boiling, strain using double gauze and pour into a dark glass bottle. Apply around the fracture area, cover with cellophane, and bandage with a bandage. It is necessary to make such compresses before and after sleep until the swelling is eliminated.
Pour 2 tablespoons of wormwood (bitter) into a glass of boiling water and cook over low heat for 10 minutes. Place in a warm place and let it brew for 2 hours, filter. Mix 25 ml of juice squeezed from aloe leaves with 50 ml of the resulting infusion. Moisten a linen cloth with this mixture, apply it to the swelling, and put a bandage on top. Change the bandage every 4 hours until the swelling subsides completely.
For various fractures, including the heel, an infusion of the following herbs is useful. Mix comfrey (root), bean pods without seeds, arnica flowers, lingonberries (leaves) in equal parts. Pour 1 tablespoon of the mixture into cold water (1 glass), bring to a boil using a water bath and boil for 5 minutes. Let it brew for half an hour, filter. Drink half a glass before meals 4 times a day. The course should last up to 14 days.
The general condition of the human body directly affects the process of tissue repair and bone fusion. In order to relieve swelling caused by a fracture as quickly as possible, and to speed up the process of bone tissue restoration, a complete healthy diet is necessary. The diet should include proteins, fats, carbohydrates, calcium, magnesium and other trace elements necessary to speed up the recovery of the injured part of the body.
Good diuretics that remove excess fluid from the body are:
So that after a fracture the question does not arise: Why does the swelling take a long time to subside? - It is imperative to consult a doctor if pain occurs or swelling increases. Also, you should not rely on traditional medicine without consulting a specialist, so as not to aggravate the situation.
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