playing a large role in the performance of human walking.
How can a small support support this? Thanks to its unique design: the arch of the foot, supported by the ligamentous muscle
device, allows it, like a spring, to extinguish up to 70%
jerk accelerations. In this case, the shin reaches 30% of the impact,
thigh - 20%, pelvic area - 15%, and only 2.5-5% reaches the head.
A healthy, well-cushioned foot makes the gait elastic, light, economical, resilient and, in the literal sense, gives peace to the head. What if the “springs” begin to sag?
Then the entire foot as a whole begins to suffer, causing it to “get tired,” rebuild, adapt, and relax. and eventually becomes deformed. Flat feet occur. With the loss of spring function, all shocks not extinguished during walking are transmitted upward - to the knee, hip joints, spine, and head. The congruence of the articular surfaces changes, which in turn contributes to damage to the articular cartilage. Such common diseases as scoliosis and kyphoscoliosis often appear precisely as flat feet develop. Flat feet can also be one of the causes of headaches and decreased performance.
What to do if time is lost, a deformity has developed, and pain in the back, legs, and feet has begun?
You think that treatment will take a long time. that surgery is painful.
What about plaster? What about crutches?
As we know, there are no hopeless situations.
Do you want to walk in beautiful summer shoes without feeling embarrassed about your feet?
somewhere in Nice, or Rio de Janeiro, or Barcelona?
We can help you solve your problem.
clinical hospital performs reconstructive operations on
We carry out these operations in accordance with European standards.
Advantages of new techniques:
1) low trauma with maximum strength of fixation
through the use of modern metal structures;
2) the ability to perform operations on two feet simultaneously;
3) instead of the traditional plaster casts applied to 6-8
weeks after surgery, we use orthopedic shoes in which patients
begin to walk on the 2nd day from the day of surgery;
4) You don’t have to walk for 1.5 months on crutches, and then another month with a cane;
5) average time of hospital stay from up to 14 days;
6) ability to work is restored twice as fast.
Hallux valgus is a sideways curvature of the big toe. It turns out that the foot is deformed, and visually this is very noticeable. It is possible to cope with such a problem, but the process will be long and difficult. Only those who have this pathology know how painful treatment of hallux valgus can be. But it will also be useful for people who do not have hallux valgus to learn about ways to prevent pathology and treatment options.
First, let's look at the main causes of hallux valgus in adults, because this can help prevent the development of the disease.
We got acquainted with the reasons. Many of those who have hallux valgus have probably understood why the disease developed. Now we will learn how to treat hallux valgus.
Exercise therapy is a method of prevention rather than treatment of valgus. Although doctors often recommend that patients perform various exercises even with prolonged pathology. But if at the initial stages of the development of hallux valgus deformity physical education can really get rid of a protruding bone, then as the disease progresses, gymnastics and massage will only help to stabilize the condition and not aggravate it.
All exercises for feet with hallux valgus are aimed at warming up the foot and working its muscles and bones. Therefore, you can do the following:
Such charging can be carried out at any convenient time. Even in the office, you can take off your shoes and quietly perform some exercises under the table, stretching and training your feet.
Attention! Therapeutic exercises after surgery may include other exercises and are usually prescribed by your doctor. Self-activity is inappropriate here.
It is not necessary to contact a specialist. Each person can perform massage for hallux valgus on their own. Before this, you need to steam your feet in a basin or bath, dry them, take any cream or external remedy prepared at home and start rubbing it into your feet. We massage both the feet and each finger separately.
Prevention in the form of regular exercises and massage will help prevent the development and progression of hallux valgus.
Correction of hallux valgus is also possible with the help of various orthopedic devices.
Treatment of hallux valgus usually begins with them. Orthotics help guide your feet correctly. They are often prescribed to babies who are just starting to walk, because due to a genetic predisposition, hallux valgus deformity can appear in childhood. And the sooner the correction begins, the easier it will be for the child in the future.
The corrector in the form of an insole is selected individually by an orthopedic doctor. This method demonstrates good performance indicators in the early stages of the disease in adults, as well as in children.
Orthopedic shoes are an excellent alternative to insoles. But special shoes are more expensive, so if the doctor allows you to wear insoles, then people give preference to them. The main function of orthopedic shoes is the same: establishing the correct position of the foot.
Therapeutic shoes for hallux valgus are sold in orthopedic stores. Some well-known companies also produce similar products, but they usually cost more. After all, it turns out that we pay not only for the functionality of the shoes, but also for the brand.
This includes a bandage that is put on a protruding bone and fixes it in one position. Purpose of the latch:
The hallux valgus fixator can have different modifications. Silicone and gel bandages are considered comfortable and can even be worn with shoes. Other orthotic devices (jointed splints or orthoses) look like a frame attached to the foot. Such accessories are worn only at home and for a certain time.
More or less effective treatment of hallux valgus with folk remedies is ointments and baths. The positive effect of external agents is explained by the fact that certain components promote the resorption of tumors, reduce inflammation and increase the regenerative properties of the skin. Folk methods and recipes for preparing external remedies useful for the treatment of hallux valgus can be found on the Internet.
Attention! Valgus can be cured without surgery using conservative methods only in the early stages of its development. Those. when the bone does not stick out at all, but the person already experiences discomfort in the foot, itching on the inner arch. If hallux valgus deformity progresses, only surgical treatment will be effective.
Surgery on the foot for hallux valgus is performed in severe cases, when a protruding bone creates problems in wearing shoes and causes severe pain. Surgery on two legs is not performed at the same time, so if both feet are affected by valgus, they are operated on one at a time, with an interval of several months.
Methods for removing - or better yet correcting - valgus number more than 90 methods, including:
The cost of the operation depends on the chosen technique, so it is difficult to even give an approximate amount. Therefore, it is better to ask your doctor this question. He will also explain how to cure hallux valgus in the most convenient way and with minimal risks.
Whatever surgery is chosen to remove hallux valgus, long-term rehabilitation is required after the intervention. It consists of following some rules:
Reviews about the operation say that it was tolerated quite normally. Difficulties can arise only if the patient is elderly, or if the hallux valgus deformity is complicated by a foot injury.
In most cases, an osteotomy is still performed. For many people, such an operation for hallux valgus becomes the only chance to return to a normal active life and eliminate visual defects. The price of the operation is 25 thousand rubles. and higher.
Surgical intervention involves excision of a bone outgrowth or dissection of the metatarsal bones and their further fixation in the correct position. Sometimes during surgery, a joint is implanted to ensure immobility of the thumb. The incisions are made so that the scars are invisible (along the inner arch of the foot). Surgical treatment with a laser is more effective than making cuts with a scalpel. It is less traumatic and more modern.
Now you know how to deal with hallux valgus, and you are unlikely to allow the disease to progress. At first, it is easier to overcome hallux valgus, so you can start taking measures now by doing daily gymnastics and massage.
Undeveloped muscles and tendons of the feet are the cause of the appearance and development of various types of deformities of the arch of the foot. High heels contribute to destructive changes in the lower extremities. Pathology not only spoils the appearance, but also causes pain and other consequences. Surgery is used as a last resort for treating foot arch deformities.
When it comes to what deformation of the arch of the foot is, many people mean flat feet. However, this pathology is only one of the varieties of all possible deformations that the arch of the foot may experience. .
The most common deformity observed in the human foot is flat feet . With it, the height of the arch of the foot decreases, its rear part lends itself to pronation, and the front part flattens out. The pathology itself is accompanied by destructive changes in the location of the bones of the foot relative to each other, as well as a violation of trophism.
Flat feet can be:
If we are talking about flat feet of the transverse arch of the foot, then this area of the limbs is flattened, the forefoot rests on the metatarsal bones and their heads. This deformation is accompanied by the fact that the feet become shorter in length.
With longitudinal flatfoot, the same thing happens with the longitudinal arch. It is accompanied by the fact that the foot comes into contact with the floor along the entire surface of the sole, increasing its length. Combined pathology contains signs of the first two types.
Deformation with transverse and longitudinal flatfoot
Flat feet are also classified according to their origin. If it appears due to some kind of developmental defect, then it is considered congenital. In the case when it occurs due to the fact that the muscular-ligamentous apparatus reduces its functionality, the bones of the arch of the foot are less able to resist mechanical influences, then this pathology is classified as rachitic. In addition, the disease can be traumatic, static and paralytic.
But besides flat feet, there are deformities of the arch of the foot:
Hallux valgus and varus deformities include pathological changes that occur in the area of the big toes . They affect women over 30 years of age. Such diseases are complex, their symptoms are a dense growth at the base of the finger, which unnaturally increases in size. Outwardly, such a growth resembles a lump, which indicates that a whole complex of destructive changes is occurring in the foot itself. This is the answer to the question, what is a bunion on the arch of the foot?
Clubfoot is not a rare disease; it occurs in newly born babies. With this pathology, the foot turns inward . As a result of this deformation, the entire emphasis of the foot when walking is placed on the outer edge.
A more complex option is the heel foot . In this case, it is not only wrapped inward, but also raised up towards the shin.
Note. This destructive form, according to doctors, is formed even when the child is inside the mother.
Equinus or, in other words, equine foot occurs in cases where spastic paralysis occurs . Rarely, a congenital form of this disease can be observed.
Cauda and calcaneal foot
Diabetic foot syndrome is caused by a whole complex of destructive changes that occur in the body of diabetics . This also applies to the limbs of the legs, in which these changes occur first. Due to diabetes mellitus, metabolic disorders appear and progress in the endocrine system.
This syndrome is no longer a definition of some narrow pathology. It is understood as a collective concept that includes groups of destructive changes observed in diabetes. Because of this, the following undesirable processes are observed in the foot itself:
In addition, pathological transformations are observed in nerve endings, blood vessels, and soft tissues.
Note. Often the form itself is not classified as an independent form, but is used to determine the processes occurring in the limbs of a diabetic, which are an abscess or gangrene.
A pathology such as flat feet most often occurs due to the careless attitude of parents towards the health of the child . They do little developmental and strengthening exercises, which is why the small muscles of the foot remain undeveloped. This leads to the fact that as soon as there is a serious load, long walking or increased impact when running, the child begins to experience destructive processes in the lower extremities.
Important! The problem is exacerbated by improperly selected shoes. Often, when choosing sneakers or shoes, parents are guided by such criteria as a beautiful model, low price, etc. At the same time, they miss the main criterion - whether it harms the child’s health.
They think about this much later, when the first signs of the development of pathology make themselves felt.
The same reasons contribute to the development of hallux valgus and varus deformities of the foot. Due to the fact that the ligamentous apparatus is undeveloped, as soon as prolonged exposure to increased loads on the forefoot occurs, these pathological processes occur in the area of the base of the big toes.
For example, out of habit, it is enough to take a long walk in nature or start wearing tight shoes, high-heeled shoes and boots. Nothing makes a woman's feet look better than a high heel - it's true. But it is also true that wearing high-heeled shoes requires skill and good physical preparation of women's feet.
We have previously written about the treatment of hallux valgus in children and recommended bookmarking this article.
Cauda foot occurs when the muscles and their tendons in the area of the front of the lower leg are damaged. In addition, certain types of myopathies lead to such deformities. But the appearance and development of horse’s foot is also facilitated by inflammatory processes in soft tissues such as phlegmon and others.
Various injuries to the arch of the foot themselves can cause the appearance and development of destructive phenomena in this area. But the reasons that the arch of the foot hurts is that attention was not paid to the appearance of the pathology in time, and it continued to develop. An advanced degree of deformity will certainly be accompanied by pain .
At first, deformities in the lower extremities are disturbing because they make the foot unsightly, and this greatly worries both the female and male sex. In the latter, this is most often associated with anxiety when young men seek to connect their lives with military service.
However, their desire to enter a military university is hampered by varying degrees of flat feet, due to which the young man risks failing to pass the medical examination. The fair half of humanity is more concerned about hallux valgus and varus deformities of the foot. Because of them, women feel uncomfortable on the beach or in the pool - a lump on the arch of the foot looks unaesthetic.
Important! But these signs are valid for the early stages of the emergence of destructive changes. If you do not see a doctor in time and start treatment, they will develop. The result of this development is that the patient experiences pain in the arch of the foot.
He may be tormented by pain at the base of the thumbs if we are talking about hallux valgus or varus deformity. And if the arch of the foot hurts closer to the heel, then this indicates developed flat feet.
It is at this stage, when destructive changes in the lower extremities are accompanied by pain, that people seek medical help. Pain in the arch of the foot on the inside will force the patient to come to the clinic for an appointment with a doctor.
All treatment can be divided into three stages:
Conservative treatment refers to gymnastic exercises for the arch of the foot, massages, and wearing the correct orthopedic and special shoes. All this is prescribed and carried out in a complex. The effectiveness of these methods is high in childhood and adolescence, while the body is developing .
Already in adulthood, when the development of the body has ended, and the deformation has developed so much that it interferes with normal life, they resort to surgical intervention. The surgeon will have to perform an operation during which he needs to make an incision and remove some fragments of the bone, after which its parts need to be connected using special bolts and clamps.
But the best way to treat arch deformity is to prevent it from occurring . Unfortunately, people seriously think about this only when pain appears in the arch of the foot when walking or running. Only then do most people pay attention to the root causes and look for the answer to the question of why the arch of the foot hurts.
Therefore, pay attention to your health now. In order not to get sick, you do not need to undergo treatment, but you need to take care of your health, lead an active lifestyle, and undergo regular medical examinations.
Those who plan to stress their legs with previously uncharacteristic physical activity should seek medical advice. They can identify lower extremity deformities in the early stages by comparing the patient's data with normal arches. Next, treatment will be prescribed. Following only this recommendation will relieve unwanted pain in the near future.
Co-author of the material: Dmitry Ulyanov is an orthopedist-rheumatologist with 22 years of experience, a doctor of the first category. Engaged in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of all diseases of the joints and connective tissue. He has a diploma in Rheumatology and studied at the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
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Foot surgery is a list of orthopedic operations that help get rid of various deformities and diseases of this part of the body. The most popular pathologies include:
Treatment of these diseases with traditional methods will not help; in this case, you need to contact an orthopedist. Based on the examination and x-ray examination, the doctor will determine the most suitable treatment regimen. If conservative (non-surgical) methods do not help, surgery is performed. It is performed using the latest developments in the field of foot surgery.
Surgical operations that we perform for diseases and deformities of the foot:
Problem: Hammer toes
Problem: Arthrosis of the joints
Problem: Taylor Deformation
Operation: Corrective osteotomy of the 5th metatarsal bone, arthroplasty for deformation of the 5th toe
In addition, the following surgical interventions are performed:
Surgeries for diseases and deformities of the foot are performed using modern techniques (Weil, Chevron, SCARF, Akin, Austin, Keller, Lapidus, etc.) using small, low-traumatic incisions.
During the surgical intervention, the deviation of the foot bones is eliminated and they are fixed in the correct position with special microscrews that do not bother the patient at all.
We use implants from the world's best manufacturers: Integra (USA), Synthes (Switzerland), Sbi Autofix (USA).
Due to the low-traumatic nature of the operations, reliable fixation with microscrews and special shoes, patients have no or mild pain. Usually the pain is weak, short-lived, disappears the next day after surgery and is easily relieved with painkillers. Therefore, most operated patients can leave the clinic completely safely for their health the next day after surgical treatment of transverse flatfoot.
All operated patients use special shoes, which make it possible to move independently the very next day after surgery and do without a cast or crutches for the entire treatment period.
Author of the article: Orthopedic traumatologist, candidate of medical sciences Karapetyan S.V.
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Varus is a general term for all deformities that cause the foot to move inward, appearing like a clubfoot.
Varus deformity usually affects several joints: from the hip to the foot. The femur develops unevenly: the outer part is too enlarged. The shin forms a convexity outward, and the heels curve inward. In young children with severe varus deformity, it is noticeable that the knees do not fully extend. This makes it difficult for the child to walk and he gets tired quickly. In adults, progressive varus deformity leads to significant limitation of mobility, even disability.
Clubfoot (varus) can be congenital or acquired. Congenital clubfoot is a clear sign of a disorder in the formation of the musculoskeletal system. Such children are recommended from a very early age to do a set of special exercises and massage in order to develop the necessary muscles and compensate for defects in ligaments and tendons.
In infancy, signs of clubfoot in a child may not be noticeable. But when the child begins to walk, it becomes clear that he turns his legs inward, often stumbles, and quickly gets tired of walking. The first thing parents should do in this case is to show the child to an orthopedic traumatologist so that he can make an accurate diagnosis. Varus deformity in childhood can be corrected with due attention to this issue on the part of parents. Massage, exercises on balancing massage hemispheres and wearing therapeutic orthopedic shoes help strengthen muscles and tendons.
Thanks to modern technologies, children's orthopedic shoes these days are in no way inferior in beauty to ordinary shoes. You can choose summer, winter, walking and indoor shoes. Children's shoes for the prevention of varus deformity of the foot should have a moderately hard back, fix the ankle joint and in no case squeeze the toes.
Treatment methods for varus deformity depend on how severe it is. In mild cases, orthopedic shoes and massage are sufficient. It’s good if a child has the opportunity to walk barefoot on pebbles, grass, and warm sand. All this improves the innervation of the foot and heals the ligaments.
In cases of severe varus deformity, the child is treated with plaster casts. The legs are secured using manual correction: you need to gently turn the foot, tilting it to the back. After this, first apply a cotton bandage and then a plaster bandage. Such plastering must be repeated until the foot takes on its normal shape. At the end of the series of procedures, the next stage begins - consolidation of the result. For this, the baby is prescribed a special massage, physical therapy, and water procedures. Parents can give their child preventive massage themselves. To do this, it is enough to master several techniques for stretching the heel tendon and moving the forefoot outward.
Osteopathy has become widespread in recent decades. In the case of varus and valgus deformities in children, it shows good results. When choosing an osteopathic doctor, it is advisable to find a specialist who deals specifically with childhood pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.
In young children, mild clubfoot may be natural during a certain period of development of the musculoskeletal system. Therefore, many parents do not pay attention to this. But it is important to understand that the progression of varus deformity may cost the child disability in the future. Therefore, it is imperative to undergo a diagnosis from an orthopedic traumatologist.
Varus deformity affects more than just gait. Incorrect distribution of weight on the foot leads to flat feet. The deformity affects all overlying bones and joints. As a result, incorrect biomechanics of joints is formed. The bones of the thighs and legs are rotated at the wrong angle, the knee joint and ankle bear the load at the wrong angle. If we add to this the significant weight that is typical for many people with pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, then the progression of the disease is inevitable. It is not for nothing that all doctors, regardless of the type of foot deformity, strongly advise patients to lose excess weight. Yes, sometimes it can be difficult for a person with flat feet to run long distance cross-country races. But there are many other types of activities that allow you to part with extra pounds. Any long-term cyclic loads will invariably contribute to this: cycling, swimming, skiing.
Pathological changes in the shape of the foot lead to premature wear of the overlying joints. Often people who have suffered from clubfoot since childhood develop rapidly progressing arthrosis in adulthood and their knees begin to hurt.