Pain in the veins is not just a sign of fatigue, but a symptom of dangerous diseases: thrombosis, varicose veins, phlebitis. This is a manifestation of trouble in the circulatory system, requiring medical attention. If the veins in your legs hurt, you should consult a qualified specialist - a vascular surgeon or phlebologist. It is unlikely that you will be able to cope with the pathology on your own. Venous diseases are a serious problem that should not be shelved. Blood clots often form in the veins, preventing people from living a full life. Thromboembolism is a dangerous complication of inflammation of the veins, leading to the death of the patient.
Blockage of blood vessels leads to slow blood flow, blood stagnation and dilation of veins. They lose their elasticity and contract slowly and ineffectively. Prolonged dilation of the veins increases the risk of blood clots. Thrombi, surrounded by fibrin, contact the endothelium and adhere to the walls of the veins. Blood clots and venous stones - phleboliths - clog the vein completely and stop the blood flow. This is deadly for humans, especially if the veins of the brain are damaged.
Causes of pain in the veins:
Enlarged veins with varicose veins look like bluish and crimped cords. Inflamed vessels are visible through the skin and look like blue or dark purple ropes. They lose elasticity and functionality, become rigid and thickened. Swollen veins collapse in a horizontal position. The legs and feet swell in the evening. The skin over the affected area becomes pigmented, thickens and darkens. It ceases to be elastic and shines a little. In some cases, the disease can be asymptomatic for quite a long time and remain only a gross cosmetic defect.
The pain with advanced varicose veins is strong, aching, and constant. Persistent changes in the width and length of the veins lead to impaired blood flow and dysfunction of the venous valves. In the absence of timely and adequate therapy, ulcers form on the skin of the lower leg, which are difficult to treat. The walls of the affected vein gradually become thinner and burst, causing bleeding that can lead to the death of the patient. A burst vein becomes an ulcer. She is in pain and requires medical attention. In severe cases, varicose veins are accompanied by cramps and the appearance of a vascular network on the skin of a blue or purple color.
Women are most susceptible to developing this pathology. The disease tends to progress slowly but steadily and can ultimately cause disability for the patient.
Varicose veins on the hands develop as a result of physical strain or overheating. Patients experience pain localized around the hands. The veins become prominent and tortuous. The pain is accompanied by numbness in the hands and the inability to hold objects in the hands for a long time.
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis are possible causes of episodic pain in the veins of the arms
Pain in the veins of the upper extremities after an injection indicates that a blunt needle was used for other purposes, and the injection site was poorly treated or the injection was made in the wrong place. If the pain does not go away for some time, but, on the contrary, intensifies and is accompanied by hyperthermia and swelling at the injection site, a drug embolism develops.
Thrombophlebitis is an inflammatory disease of the venous wall, in which a blood clot forms in the lumen of the vessel. The disease usually develops in people with varicose veins. A common cold can trigger its appearance. Thrombophlebitis manifests itself as severe pain in the vein and its swelling. The inflamed vessel is palpated as a dense and painful cord visible through the skin. The pain is localized in the upper part of the lower leg or below the knee. It is accompanied by the appearance of swelling and hyperemia of the skin over the inflamed vein. In acute thrombophlebitis, general and intoxication symptoms often appear, in particular fever. In patients, body temperature rises to 38 degrees, which is accompanied by weakness, headache, myalgia, and general malaise. Fever is the body's response to local inflammation.
Blood clots disrupt venous outflow, which is accompanied by corresponding symptoms. This is the greatest danger, leading in case of blockage of a vein to stopping the blood flow and death of the patient. If a blood clot breaks away from the vascular wall, it will enter the systemic circulation, and along with the blood to the internal organs. When the arteries of the lung become blocked, oxygen supply is cut off and the person may suffocate. Blood clot rupture and pulmonary embolism are dangerous consequences of thrombophlebitis. In extreme cases, purulent inflammation leads to a septic process, phlegmon of the limb, and abscesses of various locations.
Deep vein thrombosis of the legs is often asymptomatic. Very often the disease is diagnosed in people with paralysis of the arms or legs, as well as in bedridden patients.
deep vein thrombosis of the legs and acute manifestations
Often deep vein thrombosis is not clinically manifested and is not diagnosed. By clogging the veins, blood clots lead to stagnation of blood, and in the future - to the development of deadly consequences.
embolism is a dangerous consequence of varicose veins and vein thrombosis, fraught with blockage of vital arteries (in particular the lungs) by a blood clot entering the bloodstream
Postphlebitic syndrome (PTPS) is a condition after suffering diseases of the venous system, characterized by the restoration of venous patency. Blood clots resolve or are replaced by connective tissue fibers. In this case, the valve flaps remain affected and can no longer function normally. The disease manifests itself as severe pain, causing people to limp, and swelling of the lower extremities. Complications of the disease include skin hyperpigmentation, varicose veins, and stagnant dermatitis.
Treatment of diseases manifested by pain in the veins should be started when the first symptoms appear, and not when the disease is in its final stage and is accompanied by severe consequences.
Only an experienced and highly qualified specialist will provide medical assistance: help eliminate pain in the veins and tell you about ways to improve the condition of the veins in the legs.
Treatment of venous diseases includes several methods: conservative, surgical, physiotherapeutic.
Before you start using medications, it is necessary to normalize your diet and optimize physical activity on the body. The diet should include foods rich in vitamins A, C, E, B and microelements: calcium, selenium, rutin. Experts recommend avoiding foods high in fat and cholesterol, not overeating, and limiting the consumption of fried, spicy, smoked, pickled, sweet, and fatty foods. It is better to give preference to fresh fruits and vegetables, nuts, dried fruits, and dairy products.
Chronic constipation often leads to the development of varicose veins (as well as the risk of local varicose veins - hemorrhoids). Constipation restricts the flow of blood through the deep veins of the legs. During straining, they overlap and blood begins to circulate through the superficial veins, forming blue stripes on the legs. Proper nutrition for constipation prohibits the consumption of simple carbohydrates and animal fats. Patients should include cereals, whole grain bread, and plant fiber in their daily menu. It is useful to drink a lot of clean water, fruit or vegetable juices.
Pain in the veins is one of the signs of vascular inflammation with thrombophlebitis or thrombosis. Treatment of these diseases involves the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, blood thinners and vascular strengtheners. If a patient's vein is swollen and painful, doctors prescribe creams or ointments that relieve pain and eliminate other signs of inflammation. Drugs in tablet or injection form have a systemic effect. They reduce pain, prevent the process of blood clots, thin the blood, improve local blood circulation, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, relieve swelling and prevent dangerous consequences.
The following groups of drugs help reduce pain and swelling of the legs:
If conservative therapy is ineffective and the pain in the veins does not go away, proceed to surgical intervention.
Physiotherapy methods intended for the treatment of venous diseases manifested by pain:
Traditional medicine can complement the basic treatment of diseases.
To prevent the development of diseases of the venous system, manifested by pain and swelling of the extremities, you should follow the recommendations of specialists:
Pain in the veins cannot simply be tolerated. It signals that not everything is in order in the body, and you should pay attention to this. Pain should not just be drowned out, because it warns of danger. Health must be protected and illnesses treated!
Most often, pain in the joints, calf muscles and legs is caused by the presence of inflammatory diseases of the veins. This category includes thrombophlebitis and phlebitis. The development of varicose veins, which is accompanied by pronounced dilation of the veins, is a typical symptom of these diseases.
Varicose veins often appear on the legs in people who, due to their profession, have to walk a lot or stand a lot. This condition is accompanied by swelling, severe pain, and dysfunction. The patient feels heaviness in his legs, preventing him from sleeping peacefully at night. It is worth noting that such symptoms most often appear in women - this is due to individual predisposition, a certain type of vein structure, and pregnancy.
If the first sign a patient notices is that a vein in the leg hurts, then most likely a thrombosis of the vessel has occurred. The outflow of blood is disrupted and because of this, a large amount of it remains in the veins, promoting stretching and expansion of the vessel wall. There are two networks of the venous system of the lower extremities: the deep venous network and the superficial. The deep vein system carries most of the blood, and the superficial veins take part in draining blood away from the skin.
Pain in the veins in the legs during thrombosis is observed due to compression of tissue by a stretched vessel. The patient feels a dull pain and there is a feeling that the veins in the legs are being “pulled.” People with enlarged veins in their legs usually get tired quickly. When standing or walking for a long time, they feel pain in the veins, tension and numbness in the legs, and in some cases, their feet become swollen. On the legs, due to circulatory disorders, ulcers often form, which are quite difficult to treat.
Pain in the veins can also provoke thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins. This disease is an inflammation of the vein wall, along with which a blood clot forms in its lumen. Any superficial vein can be affected. The main complaint in this case is pain in the veins.
Deep vein thrombosis in many cases can remain unrecognized and be asymptomatic. This disease is observed in more than half of patients who are bedridden for a long time and in the same number of patients with paraplegia. Deep vein thrombosis has classic symptoms: increased temperature of the limb, pain on palpation, swelling, dilatation of the superficial veins, pain in the veins. Homans' sign (pain in the calf muscle that begins when the foot is dorsiflexed) is nonspecific.
Clinical signs of the disease are characterized by their unreliability: objective studies in half of patients with the classic picture of thrombosis do not confirm the diagnosis. There are also opposite cases: proven thrombosis in half of the cases can be asymptomatic.
Found an error in the text? Select it and a few more words, press Ctrl + Enter
Disturbances in the functioning of the veins in the legs can also be provoked by other reasons - prolonged sitting, uncomfortable sitting posture, lifting and carrying heavy objects, hormonal disorders, excess weight, uncomfortable shoes. People who are tall are more prone to varicose veins. Also at risk are young mothers and women during pregnancy. It was during pregnancy that many people began to experience varicose veins.
Even if you wear special compressor stockings all the time, there is still a possibility that the situation will worsen after childbirth. There are certain symptoms that you should pay attention to: pain and swelling in the legs (especially in the afternoon), itching along the veins, night cramps, a feeling of heaviness in the legs, “manifestation” of spider veins and veins in the legs (with advanced cases - the appearance of trophic ulcers and nodes). If you feel constant heaviness in your legs, pain in the veins in your legs for several days, or swelling of your feet and legs, tingling and burning in your muscles, you should immediately consult a doctor.
Varicose veins will not go away without special treatment measures prescribed by a competent doctor. However, there are certain ways to minimize discomfort and relieve pain. You should avoid standing motionless for long periods of time in one place. In the affected vessels, without physical activity, blood stagnates and pressure increases. You need to change your body position and move regularly. It is also worth wearing special therapeutic socks or tights.
If you need to sit for a long time, then to maintain blood flow, it is worth bending and unbending your legs at the ankle joint. It is better to take a bath in the evenings. But the first action, naturally, should be to see a doctor. Only he can prescribe the necessary course of treatment.
A sedentary lifestyle and poor diet with a high content of fats and light carbohydrates lead to the occurrence of cardiovascular pathologies, which can manifest themselves with various symptoms, the most dangerous of which is pain in the veins. Especially, problems with veins occur in people who have chronic diseases, as well as those who are forced to spend a lot of time on their feet (salespeople) or, conversely, in a sitting position (people who work with computers, drivers, etc.).
The risk of venous disease increases significantly in people suffering from various forms of obesity and being overweight. For such patients, weight loss is a priority task necessary for successful treatment of existing diseases.
Pain in the veins located in the lower extremities is a fairly common symptom that can occur as a result of exposure to external factors or indicate an existing internal disease. Soreness of the veins usually appears in combination with the following signs of vascular pathologies:
The most common cause of pain in the veins of the legs is thrombosis. With this disease, the veins greatly increase in size due to blood accumulating in them. Stretching of the vascular walls and pressure on them cause unpleasant and painful sensations in the patient. Thrombosis occurs due to disturbances in the circulatory system of the superficial and deep veins. The following factors may contribute to the development of the disease:
People with thrombosis of the veins of the lower extremities get tired quickly and cannot stay on their feet for a long time. Walking is difficult for such patients. This diagnosis is in most cases accompanied by numbness of the feet and legs, as well as tingling and swelling of the extremities. Often the disease leads to the formation of ulcers, which are difficult to treat with medications.
This is an inflammatory disease of the walls of superficial veins, accompanied by the formation of a blood clot. The main symptom of the pathology is constant pain in the veins, which can reach such intensity that a person is unable to fully move and do household chores. Pain often bothers patients with thrombophlebitis at night, preventing them from falling asleep.
Other (distinctive) signs of thrombophlebitis:
Phlebitis without thrombus formation is predominantly infectious in nature. Often the cause of infection is incorrect installation of the catheter or insufficient sterility of the materials used during the procedure.
Varicose veins are a pathology in which blood vessels lose their elasticity, resulting in excessive stretching of the walls. The disease mainly affects overweight people and people who perform monotonous work in one position. Often, varicose veins become a companion to pregnancy, since the hormonal changes that occur in a woman while bearing a child contribute to an increase in blood volume and an increase in the load on the heart and blood vessels.
The progression of varicose veins of the lower extremities can be recognized by the following signs:
In the initial stages of the disease, the phlebologist will recommend wearing compression hosiery with a degree of compression corresponding to the severity of the pathology in each specific case.
In most cases, the causes of pain in the upper extremities are the same factors and diseases that cause a similar symptom in the legs. There are no fundamental differences in the symptoms of these diseases, with the exception of the localization of pain and the degree of its intensity. This is explained by the fact that the legs bear a fairly large load of a person’s weight, so pain in the legs is usually more pronounced.
A pathology in which the subclavian vein is blocked (it is in this vein that IVs are most often placed during prolonged infusion). Most often, only one limb is affected, and there is a loss of sensitivity in this area, numbness and the formation of edema. Paget-Schrötter syndrome can be recognized by a characteristic feature: if the patient raises his arms up, one can see a significant increase in the venous pattern, which may acquire a blue or burgundy color.
The pain in this pathology is acute, bursting in nature, the degree of mobility of the limb is impaired, and the person complains of severe heaviness in the injured arm.
If the patient seems to have pain all over his body, the reason most often lies in diseases of the internal organs or circulatory disorders, which invariably appear with physical inactivity (lack of physical activity). The pain syndrome is accompanied by significant “bulging” of the veins of almost the entire body, deterioration in general well-being and other symptoms indicating problems with the cardiovascular system. Most often, pain in the veins can be recorded with the following diseases:
Important! If pain appears in the veins (which do not have a clear localization), you must take a blood test and study its composition. Some diseases of the hematopoietic and circulatory system may be accompanied by the formation of pain in the veins.
Painful sensations in the veins after placing an IV or drawing blood can occur for various reasons. Perhaps the nurse used a blunt or incorrectly sized needle, or the insertion technique was incorrect. Insufficient septic treatment, as well as puncture of a vein, can cause pain and the formation of a bruise or hematoma at the injection site.
To get rid of painful sensations that occur mainly when bending and straightening the arm, you should adhere to the following recommendations:
Painful sensations localized primarily in the back of the knee joint may indicate thrombosis of the popliteal vein. This is a fairly rare disease - the pathology occurs in approximately 3-6% of patients. Diagnosis of thrombosis in this area is hampered by the lack of characteristic symptoms, therefore, when initially visiting a doctor, completely different diseases (mainly the musculoskeletal system), accompanied by pain in the location of the popliteal vein, are assumed.
Only a thorough examination, including mandatory examination of the veins of the lower extremities using ultrasound, will help establish the correct diagnosis. Patients who have increased body weight or a genetic predisposition to diseases of the cardiovascular system should undergo such an examination once a year for the purpose of prevention.
Pain in the veins in the elbow area most often appears in combination with the formation of lumps and intensifies with pressure. This phenomenon is typical for patients who were given IVs or had blood taken from a vein. Cubital (post-injection) thrombophlebitis is not dangerous, as it is the body’s reaction to the administration of drugs (when taking blood from a vein - to antiseptic solutions used for treatment).
No special treatment for this pathology is required - local application of ointments (for example, Leoton) is sufficient.
If signs of vascular and venous diseases appear, as well as pain in the veins (regardless of their location), you should immediately consult a doctor, as the consequences can be disastrous. To make an accurate diagnosis and undergo a complete examination, consultations with the following specialists are necessary:
What to do if you have pain in the veins?
Vein diseases can lead to serious health problems (in some cases, even result in the death of the patient), so you should not delay your visit to the hospital. Timely treatment and implementation of preventive measures will help you forget about the disease and minimize the risk of relapse.
If you feel pain in the veins of the lower extremities, it means that not everything is fine with blood circulation in the legs. This problem needs to be given close attention. The tissues of the legs contain many vessels of different sizes. When blood flow is disrupted, the outflow of blood is disrupted, and stagnation occurs and blood clots form. These are very unpleasant health problems that must be dealt with with the help of a qualified doctor. There should be no amateur performance here.
There are many reasons for leg pain. Let's focus on those that are somehow connected with veins. This:
What are diseased veins? The spectacle, of course, is unattractive. Violet veins are swollen, uneven, knotty, translucent and protrude through the skin. In addition to everything, the legs swell, go numb, often begin to hurt, and get tired quickly. Ulcers may appear at the bottom of the legs, which heal very poorly.
When a vein in the leg hurts, it is not always possible to cope with it on your own and to the fullest extent. As we have seen, vein diseases are very serious and the problem cannot be shelved; consult a doctor as soon as possible. But you can still do something to alleviate the condition. Ice applied to the sore vein can relieve the pain a little. The doctor may also prescribe painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs and recommend reducing stress on the legs. When you come home, it’s good to lie down with your legs raised up, for example, placing a pillow under your feet or leaning them against the wall. The pain should subside quickly.
Patients with thrombophlebitis and phlebitis must strictly adhere to the doctor’s recommendations. People who have previously had venous disorders should be aware that these are recurrent diseases. Therefore, you must constantly monitor the condition of your veins, do not overload your legs, running and active physical activity are contraindicated. On the other hand, the risk of getting venous disease increases with a constant immobile position (bedridden patients). In this case, the load on the legs decreases, the elasticity and function of the veins may atrophy. Therefore, movements should also be in moderation.
Prevention of blood clots is carried out if this disease has not yet occurred and after the age of 50, when the body weakens and loses many of its functions. After undergoing vein surgery, you need to start getting back on your feet as soon as possible. This will promote a speedy recovery and reduce the risk of complications.
All medications to thin the blood and reduce pathological processes in the veins should be prescribed only by a doctor. A good way of prevention is physical exercise. You need to stay active, walk if your job is sedentary. And if you work constantly on your feet, then periodically give your legs a rest. Another important means of preventing thrombosis is stopping smoking to prevent the formation of clots in the veins and slowing down blood flow.
Chronic venous insufficiency caused by varicose veins of the lower extremities is of great socio-economic importance.
Varicose veins are one of the most common vascular pathologies: today almost every tenth inhabitant of our planet suffers from this disease.
Varicose veins should be treated outside of pregnancy, but sometimes varicose veins should be treated in pregnant women. This article will tell you about the rules for treating varicose veins in pregnant women, tell you which doctor to contact and what medications to use.
Nothing spoils the appearance of the foot more than a protruding base of the big toe - a bunion. But a bone is not only a cosmetic defect, but also a serious orthopedic disease that requires serious, sometimes surgical, treatment.
The first symptoms of varicose veins often do not attract much attention. Tired legs are attributed to the end of the day, swelling is explained by drinking too much water... Such negligence can lead to irreversible changes in the future.
Acute back pain is a complex and important medical and social problem. Between 80 and 100% of adults experience back pain at least once in their lives.
Low back pain is one of the most common complaints in therapeutic practice and the main cause of temporary disability.
Low back pain syndrome refers to pain localized between the 12th pair of ribs and the gluteal folds. Recently, there is an opinion that low back pain (LBP) is a problem in which.
Varicose veins are a pathological process in the veins, during which their walls become thinner, their diameter increases, and local dilations resembling aneurysms form.
Mom is 79 years old. Height 164, weight 84. Hysterectomy (2001), herniotomy (2009). Since 2001, diagnoses: hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cardiosclerosis, CVD in cerebrosclerosis and osteochondrosis. Until 2014, I did not take medications of the year; I got rid of headaches with citramon.
Complains of severe dizziness if he throws his head back, tries to look up, lies on his left side, “no blood flows to the brain on the left side.”
In April 2014, I fell off the table (while hanging wallpaper) after throwing my head back. She hit her head, lower back, and broke her arm. There was no concussion. After 2-3 months, “jolts” and slight unsteadiness began when walking. Then a slight tremor of the right hand appeared.
- neurologist at the Institute of Gerontology 11/10/14: dyscirculatory a/c and hypertensive encephalopathy, stage 2. With [. ] mainly in the vessels of the VBB, essential tremor of the arms and head. Mildronate 1 month, Actovegin - 2 months, Neovital - 1 month, Epadol - 1 month, Cerebrovital - 1 month.
On 12/13/14 at night I wanted to get up to go to the toilet, felt a sharply painful blow in the lumbar region, “as if four arrows were shot up my spine” and lost consciousness, fell back on the bed and slept (?) until the morning. Presumably, she lay on her left side for some time. In the morning I couldn’t get up, it was difficult to open my eyes, I had severe nausea, they called an ambulance, they assumed a hypertensive crisis, they gave me injections, there was no improvement. I lay there for two days
12/15/14 hospitalization in the Chernigov City Hospital, neurology, discharge diagnosis 12/29/14:
CVH, stage 2 CPMC in VBB in the advanced stage (13/12/14) with moribund vestibulotaxic syndrome. A/c cerebral artery (I67.8.7), hypert. illness 2nd grade, 3rd grade, rizik 4. Transverse osteochondrosis with important symptoms of the cervical region. CV-CVI instability. Cervicalgia with mild pain syndrome. IXC. Angina pectoris isst., stable, 2 f.k. with preserved systolic function of the left circuit. Post-infarction (according to ECG) cardiosclerosis. Chronic cystitis, remission stage.
Recommendations: atherocardium, Cardiomagnyl, dicorlong, roseart. Hospitalization for 6 months.
She was discharged in satisfactory condition under the supervision of a local neurologist in Chernigov.
On 4/15/15, against the background of an acute respiratory viral infection, the house fell “out of the blue”: I felt a sharply painful blow in the lumbar region, “as if an arrow had been shot up the spine”, fell “as if knocked down” back, and hit the back of my head.
Examination by a neurologist at the Meddiagnostika center 04/22/15
Complaints: clockwise dizziness, occurs when changing position, in a position on the left side, when throwing the head back, unsteadiness when walking, instability, hand tremors. Morning stiffness - no. Meteor dependence - yes. Joint syndrome: pain in the legs, no night pain; low-grade fever no. Previous treatment: giloba, mildronate, vasoserc, neuroxon, mexidol.
Objectively: Neurological status: at the time of examination, cranial innervation - the left lip fold was smoothed, slight deviation of the tongue to the left, otherwise without acute pathology. Head tremor of the essential type is inconsistent, tremor of the hands, more on the right. Muscle strength is diffusely reduced, gait is ataxic, muscle tone is unevenly increased in an extrapyramidal pattern. Tendon and periosteal reflexes are moderately alert with a slight predominance in the left hand. Strumpel's syndrome on both sides, the left plantar reflex is distorted (the right one is reduced). Tension symptoms: Lassegue positive on the right, Wasserman (Matskevich) on the right on both sides. In Romberg's position she is unstable, falls back and to the right. The function of the pelvic organs is increased. Limitation of flexion abduction rotation in symmetrical hip joints.
Diagnosis: stage 2-3 DEP in the form of pronounced vestibuloatactic syndrome, extrapyramidal disorders such as hyperkinesis, hydrocephalus.
Consultation at the Parkinsonism Center September 2015.
Diagnosis: extrapyramidal yeast syndrome against the background of stage 2 DEP, stage 2 hypertension.
Recommendations: Levodopa is not currently indicated.
From the fall of 2015 to 2/18/16, traffic problems grew in waves.
Dizziness is common (while taking vestibo 24). Pressure surges: during the day from 170-180/110 to 80/55 (low is always around 11 am, goes away after an hour’s sleep).
Duplex scanning of extracranial sections of brachiocephalic vessels and transcranial duplex scanning:
7/10/14 A/c arteries. Vertebrogenic non-straightness of the course of both vertebral arteries.
28/1/15 A/c arteries. Vertebrogenic non-straightness of the course of the vertebral arteries. Deformation of the right vertebral artery in segment VI. Wavy course of the ICA.
28/4/15 Echographic signs of stenotic a/s. A decrease in the speed of blood flow in the basin of both middle cerebral arteries, more pronounced in the left middle cerebral artery. Vertebrogenic deformation of the V2 segment at the level of C5-6 vertebrae of both vertebral arteries, which has no systemic hemodynamic significance. Signs of dyshemia and a decrease in the speed of blood flow in the arteries of the VB basin on both sides, more pronounced on the right, probably due to influences of vertebrogenic origin in the area of the cranio-vertebral junction.
Signs of impaired venous outflow from the cranial cavity, accompanied by a decrease in volumetric blood flow through the left internal jugular vein and volume overload of the right internal jugular vein, with signs of increased blood flow through the deep veins of the brain on both sides. Expansion of the cavity of the third ventricle. A significant decrease in the transparency of the temporal ultrasound windows on both sides, more pronounced on the left.
Evaluation of the results of functional cerebrovascular tests:
Decrease in the functional (perfusion) reserve of cerebral circulation in the basin of both middle cerebral arteries. When studying cerebrovascular reactivity, signs of tension in the autoregulation system are determined with the development of functional vasospasm of the arteriolar bed in the basin of both middle cerebral arteries.
When performing vertebrobasilar tests, signs of increased severity of dyshemia in the left vertebral artery basin are determined.
MRI of the brain:
On 12/15/14, the MRI sign of pathological changes in the brain was not detected. Atrophic enlargement of the liquor spaces (mixed hydrocephalus ex vacua). Changes in the paranasal sinuses are of a chronic ignition nature. The parietal volume of the right maxillary sinus (high protein cyst).
CT scan of the lumbar region
CT picture of intervertebral osteochondrosis L3-S1, herniated discs L4-S1.
CT scan of the cervical spine
CT picture of intervertebral osteochondrosis of the C3-C7 discs, herniation of the intervertebral discs C5-C6, C6-C7.
CT scan of the chest
CT picture of m/n osteochondrosis Th3-Th10. Osteoprosis.
Having discovered signs of vascular disease, many are in no hurry to seek medical help. Meanwhile, the pathology continues to develop, often without causing much inconvenience to the person. However, if the necessary measures are not taken in time, the consequences can be very dire, not excluding death. One of the most insidious vascular diseases are blood clots in the veins of the legs - complete or partial blockage of a vessel with a blood clot. The main danger of this pathology is that at any moment a blood clot can break off and block vital arteries.
Blood clots in the veins most often occur in the legs, although the entire circulatory system is susceptible to the disease. The culprit behind the formation of clots in the vein is an increased number of platelets. In case of bleeding, the normal operation of these elements ensures its rapid stop. Therefore, a decrease or excessive increase in their amount in the blood is extremely undesirable.
The increase in platelets can be affected by several factors, such as innate properties of the body and hormonal imbalance. The second reason is observed mainly in women, it is often provoked by:
Thrombosis in the leg can also be caused by elevated cholesterol levels. This is caused by unhealthy eating habits and excess weight. In this case, cholesterol plaques are deposited on the walls of the veins, which leads to narrowing of the vascular channels and the appearance of blood clots.
Thrombi of deep and superficial veins in the lower extremities can appear as a result of blood stagnation. Lack of necessary daily exercise on the legs, such as walking or exercise, impairs venous blood flow, which can lead to the development of thrombosis.
Another possible cause of blockage of superficial veins in the legs is rupture of blood vessels as a result of an injury. After a fracture, dislocation or surgery, veins often take on an irregular shape and begin to leak blood less well. This can cause blood clots to form.
Oncological disease can also provoke thrombosis. The effects of chemotherapy damage the lining of the veins and activate substances that increase blood clotting. The situation is aggravated by the patient's sedentary lifestyle.
Thrombosis can be caused by excess weight.
A feature of the course of this disease is the frequent absence of noticeable manifestations. This applies mainly to deep vein thrombosis. However, the blood clot is constantly growing. If you treat your body with due attention, you can determine if you have a blood clot on your leg by the presence of some symptoms. Photos of the legs of people with thrombosis will help to recognize the disease.
A leg affected by thrombosis will sooner or later reveal itself with swelling. This is a consequence of partial or complete blockage of blood vessels. Because of this, the outflow of blood from the legs worsens, and it stagnates in the veins. As a result, it begins to leak into the intercellular space. You can determine such a process in the vessels by pressing your finger on the swollen areas - a depression will appear, which will recover only within a few seconds. In addition, an increase in temperature and redness is often observed on the swollen limb.
If the thrombus is located in a superficial vein, then the task of diagnosing it is easier. The affected vessels increase in size and become denser to the touch. Even light pressure on them causes pain. In the photo you can see that the location of the blood clot has a blue skin color.
An advanced state of the disease can develop into thrombophlebitis - inflammation of the veins in the legs. In this case, the patient’s body temperature rises, fever appears, muscles swell and heaviness in the legs is felt. This condition prevents a person from moving normally. Every attempt to lower a limb causes unbearable pain. In the absence of medical care, a vascular network forms on the surface of the skin, and the skin on the affected leg becomes bluish.
The main symptom of thrombosis is swelling of the legs.
In the very last stage of untreated thrombosis, a blood clot that has grown to a large size completely blocks the lumen of the vein. This situation will most likely lead to the development of gangrene. And if such a blood clot breaks off and blocks an artery, it will be very difficult to save a person from death.
The presence of the above symptoms may not necessarily indicate thrombosis. To confirm or rule out the presence of this disease, you must undergo an examination by a phlebologist. If it turns out for sure that the symptoms are a consequence of blood clots, treatment can begin.
Depending on where the blood clots are located, for example in the veins in the legs above or below the knee, treatment will be appropriate. When the area affected by thrombosis extends only to the ankle, it is possible to undergo treatment on an outpatient basis. If the thrombus is located higher, bed rest and inpatient therapy is an absolute necessity. There are two ways to treat blockage of blood vessels - surgically or conservatively.
The first method is thrombectomy. The treatment is carried out under general anesthesia, and the person does not feel pain. An incision is made in the thigh area, a balloon catheter is inserted into the wound and inflated. After this, the catheter is removed along with the blood clot. It will help avoid recurrences. After two weeks, the wound has completely healed, minor pain and slight swelling usually disappear on the third day. To prevent the appearance of scars, you can use a healing cream or ointment. Thrombectomy is well tolerated by patients, who leave mostly positive reviews about it.
In drug treatment, anticoagulants are most often prescribed.
With conservative treatment, the doctor prescribes so-called direct or indirect anticoagulants - drugs that reduce blood clotting. With their help, it is possible to reduce the formation of platelets, thereby stopping the process of formation of new blood clots in the veins. In addition, medications help lower cholesterol levels. Drugs can be produced in different forms, but most often they can be found in tablets, these include:
During the entire period of treatment with these drugs, it is necessary to constantly monitor blood viscosity. This should only be done under the strict supervision of the attending physician, since an overdose of these drugs can lead to internal bleeding.
For drug removal of formed blood clots, thrombolytics Streptokinase and Urokinase are used - drugs that help resolve blood clots. However, if the clot is too large, additional treatment will be needed. The component acting on fibrin fibers gives a good resorption effect, but only on those blood clots that have not yet reached large sizes.
An excellent tool in the fight against thrombosis is Hepatrombin. This is a broad-spectrum ointment aimed at relieving inflammation and swelling. Hepatrombin relieves pain and helps blood clots dissolve.
The ointment has a positive effect only on superficial vessels; it strengthens the walls of the veins and increases their elasticity. Hepatrombin has already been appreciated by many patients suffering from blocked veins; numerous positive reviews indicate the effectiveness of treatment with this drug.
If you discover that you have venous thrombosis, do not despair - modern medicine offers a lot of effective ways to treat this disease. You just need to notice its signs in yourself in time and immediately consult a doctor. Knowing the symptoms will help with this.