Diseases associated with inflammatory processes in the joints of the fingers, usually the thumb, are called arthritis. It is divided into several subtypes:
Typically, all types of this disease are accompanied by severe pain in the corresponding joints.
In recent years, the most common osteoarthritis of the hands, which develops to a greater extent in people after 50 years of age. Although cases of inflammation of the joints of the fingers are not uncommon in young people, usually resulting from injuries.
During inflammation, cartilage, which is the elastic protection of tissue in the joints, is destroyed. The main causes of joint inflammation are considered not only age-related changes, but also hereditary predisposition. Osteoarthritis destroys the joints closest to the nails or at the base of the thumb. In severe cases of the disease, movement of the thumbs and the hands themselves is very difficult.
Inflammation of the fingers is quite a serious problem, especially at a young age. At the first symptoms, you should contact a rheumatologist; self-treatment in this case is unacceptable. If you do not contact a specialist on time, the patient faces chronic arthritis and all sorts of complications.
If you notice that your fingers are swollen, you should immediately contact a specialist. This is usually evidence of bone spurs around the knuckles. With inflammation, you may notice that the finger is swollen and increased in size. At the everyday level, you can notice that the rings are becoming small. With a more complex course of the disease, everything can end with deformation of the hands. The fingers may move away from the thumb, losing their normal position.
Typically, symptoms of the disease include:
If, after receiving an injury, your thumb hurts or is swollen, you should immediately contact a specialist, and do not hope that everything will “go away on its own”! It is this carelessness that subsequently leads to complications that require long-term and complex treatment.
Treatment must be comprehensive and long-term. For a patient whose finger is swollen or simply hurts, after an injury (or for other reasons determined by specialists), the doctor prescribes medications appropriate to the stage of the disease and the form.
Attention! Treatment of inflammation of the hand joints is prescribed exclusively by a specialist and on a strictly individual basis.
It is worth remembering that after self-treatment, complications may arise in the form of an advanced or undertreated disease. In this case, treatment will be even more difficult. Therefore, if you see that your finger is swollen or has limited mobility, you should immediately consult your doctor.
The inflammatory process in the fingers has several stages. And each stage of joint inflammation, resulting from injury or for another reason that must be determined by a specialist, is subject to different treatment methods.
You should not neglect your diet, which should be enriched with vitamin E. If the patient has a swollen thumb, the specialist recommends avoiding heavy lifting, overload, exercise, and swimming. In addition to medical purposes, you can also turn to traditional methods of treatment, which include compresses or herbal ointments. However, do not forget that these methods will only relieve pain and swelling.
To avoid joint inflammation due to injury or other reasons. There are some rules to follow. These include the following:
As a rule, arthritis of the finger joints is not an independent disease. It appears as a secondary manifestation of rheumatoid or septic arthritis, arthrosis or polyarthritis.
Sometimes inflammation in the bone and cartilage tissues of the fingers of the upper extremities and degenerative age-related changes lead to localized manifestations of arthritis.
Due to pathological changes, hyaline cartilage becomes less elastic and dehydrated, which affects the mobility of the fingers, contributes to wrist deformation and provokes intense pain.
In addition, the situation is aggravated by frequent flexion and extension of the fingers and high load on the hand.
The most common type is arthritis of the thumb. It can appear not only in old people, but also in young people.
Exacerbation of the disease can be triggered by hypothermia, stress, weather conditions, intense physical labor, and intense sports.
Depending on the cause, arthritis in the fingers of the upper extremities can be:
According to the type of joint damage, arthritis in the fingers of the upper extremities can be distal, proximal and middle. A common manifestation of the disease is polyosteoarthrosis of the fingers.
No less common is local pathology of the thumb - rhizarthrosis (rhizarthritis).
Arthritis of the fingers, symptoms are as follows:
When the rheumatoid form of arthritis appears, weakness, fever and decreased performance may occur. As the disease progresses, the articular surface may increase, causing the fingers to swell and become wide.
If you feel your fingers, you can feel a lump in the area of the affected joints; this is due to inflammation in the ligaments. Hyaline cartilage decreases in size and cracks, as a result of which the motor capabilities of the upper limb are reduced.
How to treat arthritis of the fingers, especially in the rheumatoid form? In case of multiple lesions of other groups of joints, or if psoriatic, rheumatoid and other types of arthritis appear that occur systemically, it is necessary to carry out complex treatment consisting of physiotherapeutic and medicinal methods.
Thus, drug therapy for a local type of disease is carried out according to a certain scheme.
During the acute form of the disease, the doctor prescribes a course of treatment with NSAIDs
Taking non-steroidal drugs is indicated for patients who have severe pain, swelling and skin redness.
Products based on chondroprotectors – chondrotin, glucosamine sulfate. The specificity of using such drugs is long-term use - 3-4 months. During this time, the damaged hyaline cartilage structure is restored.
In addition, arthritis in the hands and fingers can be cured with the help of vasodilating drugs such as Teonicol, Actovegin, Trental. These drugs are used in the form of intravenous infusions and intramuscular injections. The course of treatment is 10 sessions.
Moreover, treatment of arthritis of the fingers involves taking systemic antibiotics (Macrolides and Penicillins), which are prescribed if the disease is bacterial in nature.
Calcium supplements and vitamin complexes are also prescribed. Antimalarial drugs (Methylprednisolone, Plaquenil) and corticosteroids are used very rarely if the pathology is very severe.
External treatment involves the use of NSAIDs (Dolgit, Diclofenac, Fastum-gel, Diclak-gel). This therapy is preferable to the internal use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, because in this case the gastrointestinal tract suffers less.
The Bshofit method brings good results. This medicine can be used in the form of baths and hand applications. Moreover, you can rub warming ointments and creams based on snake or bee venom into your fingers and make lotions with a solution of Novocaine and Dimexide.
At the same time, rheumatoid arthritis and other types of diseases of the fingers are successfully treated with the help of physiotherapeutic procedures (hydrotherapy, heating, magnetic therapy, paraffin therapy) and manual therapy, including exercise therapy, massage and acupuncture.
When the disease is not exacerbating, simple exercises for the arms should be performed every day, as they nourish the tissue of the interarticular cartilage and activate blood circulation in the upper extremities.
So, the first exercise is to clench and unclench your hands into a fist. Then you need to touch the pads of the other four fingers with your thumb.
Next, the palm should be placed on a flat surface, and then you should lift your fingers one by one, rotating them in a circle. Then the hand is placed on the edge, and you need to press the table with your elbow, squeezing and unclenching your fingers.
In addition, to eliminate the causes of arthritis, it is useful to squeeze a tennis ball, hand exerciser, or rubber ring with your hand. You can also spread your fingers as far apart as possible, and with your second hand you should bend each finger in turn.
Traditional medicine recipes are often used in the treatment of arthritis. But non-traditional treatment is most effective when the disease is at the initial stage of development.
To reduce pain in arthritis of the fingers, wax wraps are effective. For this purpose, you need to dissolve 200 g of wax, and then put a pod of hot pepper in the container. After 10 minutes, you need to remove the pepper, and then add 50 drops of St. John's wort oil.
It is advisable to store the medicine in the freezer in ice trays. Before use, 1 cube of the product must be dissolved, applied to cellophane and wrapped around the hand in the area of the affected joint for 30 minutes.
Paraffin therapy is an effective treatment method that helps eliminate inflammation and pain. So, ready-made paraffin (100 g) must be mixed with vegetable oil (30 ml) and 15 drops of essential extract of tea tree, citrus fruits or St. John's wort.
The mixture must be melted, cooled, and then dip your fingers into it and wrap them with cellophane and a bandage. Everything needs to be left for 30 minutes and then washed off.
In addition, to eliminate the causes of arthritis, you need to mix vegetable oil, vodka, kerosene and camphor alcohol in equal parts. You should wipe your fingers with the resulting product every day to remove swelling and activate blood circulation.
Moreover, when washing your hands, you can add apple cider vinegar to the water, which has anti-inflammatory and decongestant effects.
In addition, you can make a compress from mashed potatoes, cottage cheese and flour. The resulting mass should be applied to the affected joint, and then the fingers should be wrapped in cellophane and a bandage. To eliminate painful sensations, the product should be kept for 1 hour.
Moreover, you can make baths from a wide variety of herbs (aloe juice, St. John's wort, willow and poplar leaves, meadowsweet and millennial). Such plants have an anti-inflammatory and restorative effect in the treatment of arthrosis and arthritis.
In addition, it is useful to drink fresh carrots with chopped garlic. Juice from celery, cherries, cranberries, citrus fruits and lingonberries is no less useful. Such a tasty medicine will not only strengthen the immune system, but also eliminate inflammation and replenish the lack of vitamins.
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IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW! The only remedy for JOINT PAIN, arthritis, arthrosis, osteochondrosis and other diseases of the musculoskeletal system, recommended by doctors! Read more.
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Before you begin to act, you should carefully understand the causes of the symptom. In addition, there are several types of pain and they can be located on different limbs.
A rheumatologist diagnoses any joint problems. In medicine, there are two main differences between joint pain: mechanical and inflammatory.
Symptoms of the inflammatory process include unpleasant sensations that have a chilling effect in the morning and persist for one to two hours.
If you move the phalanges, the pain will begin to decrease. Inflammation also manifests itself in the form of redness, swelling, lack of flexibility and the inability to move normally.
Mechanical damage can also cause inflammation, but it has virtually no symptoms and does not cause much concern other than pain.
Another reason why the phalanges of the fingers hurt may be rhizarthrosis. It occurs for several reasons - overexertion, infection, injury or severe intoxication.
Even after an initial examination, a rheumatologist will be able to make a correct diagnosis, because the disease causes pain only when performing specific movements: with the intention of opening a lid, turning a key or a door handle.
At first, a person feels discomfort only during exertion, and then constantly. In the final stages, complete deformation and inability to perform activities are expected.
Rheumatism - if a patient complains that the joint of the middle finger of the left hand hurts, then in most cases this determines the presence of this disease. Other signs of rheumatism include redness, fever, swelling, rash and the inability to perform certain activities.
Carpal tunnel syndrome - unfortunately, most often occurs in the young population, who complain that the joint on the index finger of their left hand hurts. Constant work on a personal computer leads to the development of the disease - many specialists who constantly use the device subsequently turn to doctors with this problem.
Under no circumstances should you self-medicate, since only a rheumatologist or traumatologist can correctly and timely diagnose the presence of pathology, its type, form and stage of development.
Most often, when visiting a rheumatologist or traumatologist, the patient is prescribed several types of examinations. Only in this way can you understand the exact cause and eliminate it in time with virtually no consequences. Otherwise, the patient will face only torment and complications of the condition.
You need to know that ordinary discomfort when flexing the phalanges can lead to a complete loss of activity, as well as other terrible consequences that threaten disability.
Primitive numbness of the fingers or pain when bending are the first signs of a progressive disease. Don’t hesitate – visit a hospital or clinic immediately.
If you don’t know why the phalanges of your fingers hurt, immediately go to a specialist.
It should be repeated and noted that only a qualified specialist can treat any possible deviation. And the prescription of drugs should be carried out only after finding out the main cause of the problem. In case of an inflammatory process, the doctor will prescribe a course of antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hormones.
If the lesion is dystrophic in nature, you should first provide assistance to the damaged cartilage. Chondoprotectors, manual therapy, specialized massage, and physiotherapy help with this perfectly.
You should never ignore your body’s signals, even if you think they are insignificant. At the first alarm bells, you should contact a medical facility.
Swelling of the finger joints can be caused by a number of reasons and have different accompanying symptoms. Among the most common factors contributing to the development of the pathological process are:
Arthritis is a group of pathologies characterized by inflammation of small and large joints . Arthritis of the fingers is a particularly severe form of pathology. Often the disease leads to the loss of the patient’s legal capacity and subsequent disability. With arthritis, inflammation occurs in the synovial joint membrane, which secretes a so-called lubricant that helps the joint perform its basic functions smoothly and painlessly. With illness, the amount of lubricant secreted increases sharply, and its composition changes.
Arthritis can occur for various reasons, the main ones being:
With arthritis, the patient experiences the following symptoms:
Many patients note that their joints hurt mainly in the morning, after sleep. During the day, the pain may subside and the swelling of the joint may subside slightly. Arthritis of the hands is characterized by symmetry of the lesion . Most often, the disease affects several joints on both hands. In this case they talk about polyarthritis. Monoarthritis is much less common.
This pathology most often affects people whose activities involve holding their hands in one position for a long time . Patients often include typists, secretaries, musicians, and programmers. The pathology is characterized by damage to small joints between the phalanges of the fingers, drying out of joint tissue and their destruction . Subcutaneous nodes are often found in the wrist joints, which are almost impossible to treat. If left untreated, the bone tissue becomes denser, small growths appear, which cause severe pain and inflammation when moving the fingers.
In addition to swelling of the joints, the following symptoms are observed:
Diseases are divided into two types: primary and secondary arthrosis.
Primary arthrosis develops due to disorders in the cartilage joint tissues. Secondary is caused by joint damage and certain diseases.
Symptoms of the disease are:
At the very beginning of the disease, patients complain of periodic pain, which bothers them when actively moving their fingers. There is a slight swelling around the joints, and a characteristic crunch appears when moving the fingers.
As the pathology develops, the pain intensifies and begins to bother the patient more often. At this stage, any movement of the fingers can cause severe pain that does not go away with rest. Small nodules form in the area of the affected joints, due to which the patient may feel a burning sensation. After some time, the pain and burning sensation disappear, and the nodules become denser.
At the third stage of the pathology, deformation of the fingers occurs and motor functions are lost. Severe swelling forms around the diseased joint, and the skin turns red. Pain accompanies the patient constantly.
Gout is a disease in which, as a rule, inflammation of one of the joints develops . The first sign of the development of pathology is sudden pain in the affected area. The disease is characterized by rapid development, symptoms appear within 1-2 hours from the onset of the attack.
The sharp pain in the joint subsides a little during the day, but as night approaches it intensifies again. A distinctive sign of the disease is the inability to relieve a painful attack with conventional painkillers.
Other symptoms of the disease include:
The joints of the fingers also become swollen due to various injuries . Such injuries include joint dislocation, which can occur as a result of strong flexion or extension of the fingers, for example, during sports or an unfortunate fall. Dislocation is characterized by joint deformation, swelling of the joint and surrounding tissues, and discoloration . In addition, the injured finger is very painful. There may be numbness or a tingling sensation in the area of the sprain. Often patients note the inability to move the affected finger.
Swelling is considered a sign of another injury - a broken finger..
Additional symptoms of a fracture include:
Open wounds, abrasions and cuts can also cause swelling of the finger in the joint area . In addition, trauma not only to the joint area, but also near it can lead to a similar symptom. For example, a wound located next to a joint with severe suppuration often leads to severe swelling and inflammation.
Fingers in the joint area often swell in people who deal with vibrating mechanisms . In this case, constant overstrain of muscles, ligaments and tendons lead to their inflammation, which gradually spreads to the joint area. Seamstresses, accountants, and people who work with a computer mouse for a long time or type using a keyboard are also susceptible to the disease.
In other words, people who have to make repetitive movements with their fingers every day. In this case, they talk about “restless fingers” syndrome. Due to constant tension, inflammation develops, which leads to chronic pain.
It happens that fingers swell and hurt due to diseases of the internal organs . For example, some patients complain of swollen fingers in the morning after drinking heavily before bed. In this case, we may be talking about dysfunction of the urinary system . If swelling of the fingers becomes more intense in the evening, then heart problems . In both cases, the cause of swelling is fluid retention in the body. There are no symptoms such as pain, redness, or changes in joints.
Often, fingers become swollen and sore after contact with any allergen . Thus, a mosquito, spider, snake bite, or contact with household chemicals can lead to the appearance of a symptom. Also, swelling of the fingers is often caused by the use of medications. In addition to swelling of the fingers, in this case there is itching, rash, local or extensive redness of the skin and other signs of an allergic reaction.
Swelling of the fingers in the joint area can be observed in patients during puberty, pregnant women, menopausal patients and the elderly. The cause of the condition is a hormonal imbalance.
In order to determine why a person has a swollen joint on his finger and what to do to treat such an ailment, it is necessary to seek the help of a specialist. It is important to understand that self-diagnosis, and even more so self-medication, may not only not lead to an improvement in the condition, but may also aggravate the problem . Many of the causes of finger joint swelling, if left untreated, lead to serious and sometimes life-threatening consequences.
The first thing you need to do is visit a general practitioner , who, after a visual examination and history taking, will give recommendations regarding subsequent visits to specialized specialists: a surgeon, rheumatologist, cardiologist, traumatologist, endocrinologist, allergist.
If a specialist suspects that the disease is caused by diseases of a degenerative-dystrophic nature , the patient is prescribed a series of clinical tests:
For arthritis, a general blood test may show the following results :
A general blood test confirming the presence of arthrosis in a patient determines:
With gout, a general analysis does not show significant changes in the blood. Only in the acute period is it revealed :
Characteristic changes in urine analysis for arthritis are:
In osteoarthritis , urine analysis usually does not show any changes .
If the fingers are swollen due to gout , then a general urine test shows the following changes:
In addition to the general examination of biomaterials, the patient is prescribed:
In addition to laboratory tests, instrumental methods will help a specialist determine the cause of swelling of the joints of the fingers , such as:
The most popular method for diagnosing hand injuries and lesions. Using radiography, a specialist can determine the structure of cartilage, joints and bone tissue;
The most reliable diagnostic method that helps determine changes occurring in bone tissue;
A method that allows the condition of tissues to be assessed using electromagnetic waves.
The main method of treating the pathology in question is the use of medications that help relieve inflammation and eliminate pain. Treatment of arthritis and arthrosis involves the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs , which are prescribed for oral administration in the form of injections or tablets and in the form of ointments for topical use.
The most common among this group of drugs are:
Chondroprotective drugs are also prescribed, which help stop the destruction of the joint and promote its regeneration. Among these medicines, the most effective are:
If the joints of the fingers swell due to allergic reactions, then it is recommended to treat the disease by taking hyposensitizing drugs:
If the onset of a symptom is associated with kidney or heart disease, hospitalization and subsequent treatment in a hospital setting are necessary. Treatment in this case should be carried out exclusively under the supervision of a doctor.
If your finger joints hurt due to overexertion, you should stop working with your hands for a while and apply a cold compress or warming ointment to the joints.