One of the possible complications of varicose veins is vein rupture. If a vein in the leg bursts, the situation becomes very dangerous for the patient’s health: after all, you still need to wait for the doctor, and you need to stop the bleeding as quickly as possible.
There are a number of reasons why a vein can lose its tightness. However, most often we are talking about mechanical damage to the veins. The nature of the injury determines whether the bleeding will be internal or external.
In the first case, an extensive hematoma forms at the site of the rupture. As a rule, such bruises are very noticeable and increase literally before our eyes, since the bleeding is still ongoing. The size of the hematoma is directly affected by the diameter of the damaged vein. A common symptom of internal bleeding is sharp pain when touching the bruise.
If the skin is torn, the bleeding is classified as external. Such injuries can be even more dangerous than internal ones, as they entail an additional risk of wound infection.
Note! Bleeding is especially dangerous in patients with insufficient blood clotting.
Blood loss results in surges in blood pressure and tachycardia. The skin becomes noticeably pale, fever and deterioration in general health are possible. With significant blood loss, nausea, convulsions, dry mouth, and fainting are possible.
In the area where the vein is damaged, there is usually severe pain. The pain is sharp, throbbing and constant in nature.
The consequences of ruptured veins are very dangerous. Damage to large veins is especially fraught. The bleeding is usually very severe, and the blood, even with normal clotting, does not clot well. Excessive blood loss can be fatal.
If a vein has burst, you need to seek medical help as soon as possible. Before the doctor arrives, measures should be taken to stop the bleeding. It is strictly not recommended to waste time. The faster qualified assistance is provided, the less damage to the body the problem will be resolved.
The main rule when helping a person whose vein has burst is not to make the situation worse. Therefore, it will not be superfluous to know some rules: they will come in handy in an emergency situation.
Help is provided in the following order:
Even if, with the help of a dressing, it was possible to stop the bleeding, and the patient’s condition does not outwardly cause concern, it is necessary in any case to immediately visit the emergency room. Only a doctor can adequately assess the degree of threat and prevent the consequences that may arise due to a burst vein.
A vein rupture is most often an indication for surgery. Moreover, surgery is needed even if a very small vein has burst.
The essence of the surgical operation is to tie off the burst vein to stop the loss of blood, as well as to prevent it from spreading to neighboring tissues and organs. Such operations are usually performed under local anesthesia, which reassures patients, since the operation no longer seems so scary.
However, in complex and advanced cases, it may be necessary to remove the damaged vein. Such situations occur relatively rarely, only if it is not possible to stop the bleeding and preserve the vein in other ways. Complex operations are performed under general anesthesia and can last several hours. The surgeon will need maximum concentration and skill. After such operations, the patient spends quite a long time in the hospital for rehabilitation. In addition, scars will remain on the damaged area.
As a rule, the need for complex surgical interventions arises when the patient was negligent in the situation of a vein rupture: he delayed a visit to the doctor or infected the affected area. Therefore, we repeat once again: in order to avoid getting into trouble, you should seek medical help in a timely manner.
With varicose veins, it is important to lead a lifestyle so as not to create potentially dangerous situations for your body. Vessels can be damaged not only as a result of injury, but also under the influence of too intense training. Therefore, patients with varicose veins can be advised to avoid physical overexertion. During classes, you must proceed from the capabilities of your body: what is a minor load for one person can be deadly for another.
If you have varicose veins, you should make a mandatory rule for yourself - take a first aid kit with you. If a breakup does occur, you should not waste time on useless and dangerous heroism - you need to immediately seek medical help.
Blockage of blood vessels in the legs is a common reason why patients turn to a phlebologist or vascular surgeon. Both men and the fairer sex face varicose veins of the lower extremities, thrombophlebitis, and thrombosis. Moreover, women turn to a specialist much more often due to aesthetic damage to the extremities due to branching veins that protrude above the surface of the skin or due to a burst vessel, accompanied by a bruise and vascular network. A burst vessel causes pain and swelling. Why do blood vessels burst? What to do if a vein in your leg bursts? These questions concern many people who are faced with this problem.
What reasons can occur when a vein in the leg bursts? Veins in the legs can burst for various reasons, accompanied by bleeding both inside and outside, when, in parallel with the rupture of the vascular wall, the epidermal tissue ruptures.
The main causes of vein rupture are as follows:
In women, the causes of vascular rupture are characterized by hormonal imbalance due to dysfunction of the hormonal glands. This is especially true during pregnancy, after childbirth, during physiological disorders (menopause, menstruation), and various gynecological diseases.
To strengthen the veins in the legs at home, it is advised to take vitamins, not overload the legs, and perform massage procedures. Lotions made from infusions of medicinal herbs (chamomile, calendula) have an effective effect. Women need to be examined by a gynecologist annually.
Quite often, if a vein in the leg bursts, a person does not see a doctor. The reasons may vary. This is the lack of free time to visit a doctor, the reluctance to issue a sick leave, not paying attention to the seriousness of the current problem. And this leads to the fact that the mobility of impaired blood circulation in the veins is limited, the walls of a large vessel are destroyed, and internal and external bleeding occurs.
The size of a hematoma from bleeding under the skin depends on the diameter of the damaged vein. When touched, the patient experiences pain. When a person has poor blood clotting, bleeding may continue and the dark bruise will quickly increase in size.
When a vein bursts, the consequences can be very dangerous. This is especially true when large vessels rupture. With venous internal blood loss, it is often profuse, the blood clots rather slowly and does not stop. Since a person loses a lot of blood, his blood pressure drops, he feels unwell, and his skin becomes pale. In the place where the vein in the leg burst, a person feels a bright pain, it does not subside and pulsates.
The following can lead to vein rupture:
When blood vessels burst on the legs and a bruise appears, this indicates internal blood loss. The person does not experience any pain and will become aware of the problem that a blood vessel may have burst after some time. Bleeding from the outside also does not cause pain, and a person will immediately know that a vein in the leg has burst. A blood stain appears on clothing at the site of a ruptured vein.
If a burst vessel is not treated, it can lead to dangerous consequences.
When a capillary bursts, a mesh forms on the leg. This occurs due to small vessels located on the surface of the skin. The network of veins varies in shape (looks like a tree, a star), color (red, bluish). A bursting small blood vessel does not cause pain and bothers many women only because of the appearance of the skin. Therefore, when the network of blood vessels is not clearly expressed, few people attach importance to the problem. In this case, it is important to determine the cause that led to the fragility of the vessel and eliminate it.
When a small vein ruptures, a bruise can be observed. The size of the bruise depends on how thick the vein was injured and how quickly the blood clotting process occurs. A person feels pain at the site of the rupture, especially if he touches the sore area.
Signs of external bleeding:
If a large vessel (artery) is damaged, internal bleeding occurs, which poses a danger to the victim’s life.
The following symptoms occur:
If these signs are present, a pressure bandage is required, which is applied above the damaged area. Then you need to call a medical team to transport the victim to the clinic.
When a small vessel is damaged and the inflammation is minor, then the doctor will prescribe therapy using medications that will improve blood supply. Microsclerotherapy will also be required. This procedure involves injecting a special substance into a vein, due to which the venous area is absorbed within 25 days.
Surgery cannot be avoided if a large vein has burst. In a mild case of rupture, the doctor bandages the trunk of the burst vessel. This is necessary to prevent blood clots from entering the deep veins, arteries, and pulmonary vessels. The procedure does not take much time and is performed under local anesthesia.
For complex cases, phlebectomy is used (the damaged vessel is removed). The purpose of the procedure is to normalize blood circulation. The operation is not easy, takes place under general anesthesia and requires a long rehabilitation period.
To prevent serious consequences that occur when veins rupture, it is necessary to promptly contact a specialist. It is important to remember that it is easier to stop varicose veins when treatment is prescribed at the initial stage of development of the disease.
Reduced elasticity of blood vessels due to varicose veins and other vascular diseases can cause vein ruptures. The consequences of damage to the integrity of the vessel can be different: from minor hematomas to bleeding that poses a serious danger to the life of the victim. How do you know if a vein in your leg has burst, and what should you do in this case?
The causes of damage to the vascular walls can be different. Most often, veins burst in women. This is often due to changes in hormonal levels in certain gynecological pathologies and during pregnancy. A decrease in the elasticity of blood vessels can be caused by a lack of certain vitamins (C and PP) in the body. The main factors also include various vascular pathologies.
Why else can vascular injury occur? In addition to the main ones, there are additional reasons that can significantly increase the likelihood of vascular wall rupture.
Eliminating these triggers will help avoid damage to the veins, and appropriate treatment will improve their elasticity and strength.
The rupture can occur in any part of the lower extremity. Symptoms of damage depend on how large the vessel is ruptured and its location (superficial or deep).
If the capillaries burst, the vascular network appears under the skin. Usually, only the appearance of a cosmetic defect is observed, and pain and other characteristic symptoms are absent. Such damage does not pose a serious threat to health, but it should not be ignored. Broken capillaries indicate that there is a certain problem in the body that requires immediate action.
Why is this so important? If treatment is not started and the causes are not eliminated in time, damage to larger veins may occur in the future. It is necessary to consult a specialist and find out the factors that led to a decrease in the elasticity of the vascular walls.
When a small vein is damaged, a small bruise appears at the site of the rupture. Its dimensions may depend both on the thickness of the vessel and on the size of the wound and blood clotting parameters. A characteristic difference from a regular hematoma is pain. It noticeably intensifies when pressing on the bruise.
The most dangerous to health and even life is injury to large veins.
This causes severe bleeding, which can be determined by the following signs:
In what cases is immediate medical attention necessary for ruptured veins? If a small vessel is injured and the bleeding does not stop within half an hour, you should contact a medical facility. If large vessels are injured, you should immediately call an ambulance, and before it arrives, provide the victim with first aid.
What to do if a vein in your leg bursts? Before doctors arrive, you must try to stop the bleeding. To do this, apply a pressure bandage from available means. If blood vessels burst, it is not recommended to use a tourniquet, as with normal bleeding. This is associated with a high risk of damage to the vascular walls near the site of injury due to their low strength and a significant increase in blood pressure with strong compression of the lower limb.
The pressure bandage is performed as follows:
After applying the bandage, it is recommended to lay the victim on a horizontal surface and raise the limb above the level of the heart. The leg muscles should be completely relaxed and the limbs motionless.
After arriving at a medical facility, an examination is carried out, based on the results of which the doctor decides on the choice of treatment method. The most commonly used is sclerotherapy, the essence of which is the introduction of a sclerosing substance into the subcutaneous layers and the cavity of the vessel. Laser coagulation can be used to repair the gap.
In the most severe cases, the only way to eliminate the problem is surgery.
At the first symptoms of varicose veins or other vascular pathologies, you should immediately consult a doctor. He will be able to find out the reasons for the changes and prescribe appropriate treatment.
Preventive measures also include:
Cut veins are one of the common injuries that can occur during an accident, at home, during a suicide attempt, or in a disaster. When the wound is not deep, the main thing is to provide first aid - wash it from dirt and quickly apply a bandage. But with a deep cut, a person may lose too much blood, and harmful bacteria will penetrate the wound. In this case, you must immediately call an ambulance. We note that a cut is said to occur when the skin is exposed to a sharp object that violates its integrity. Deep wounds are dangerous because blood vessels, nerves, muscles, and tendons can often be damaged. Some with cut veins simply bleed to death, which is why suicides often choose this method.
The classification depends on what item caused the damage:
Important! Injuries to the arms, neck, and legs are dangerous. Suicide victims often cut their wrists. If help is not provided in this case, the person dies from bleeding due to a cut in the veins and arteries, which affects tendons, muscles, and nerves, and motor function and sensitivity are sharply reduced. In all these cases, the person is taken to intensive care.
If severe bleeding occurs during damage to the veins, the body can begin to defend itself, and the edges of the vessel tighten and the blood clots. The wound accumulates a large number of platelets to close faster. It is worth noting that platelets contain fibrinogen, which accelerates the clotting process. If clotting is good, there should be no problems - the blood stops within 10 minutes. And the blood clot releases a special anti-infective liquid.
For these reasons, a superficial cut is not dangerous; it is enough to stop the bleeding and bandage the problem area. Just be careful not to introduce infection into your body. Don’t forget to wash even a shallow wound with hydrogen peroxide.
This way you can clean the wound from viruses and bacteria. If disinfection is not carried out, tetanus may develop. This infectious disease is quite dangerous, leading to damage to the nervous system and death of the patient.
This is done only in extreme cases, if the bleeding does not stop within 15 minutes. After you apply a tourniquet, you should immediately call an ambulance.
When trauma occurs during suicide, it is necessary to find out which vessel is cut. In this situation, a tourniquet is applied below the damaged area. There are cases when both an artery and a vein are cut. This requires 2 harnesses: one on top and the other on bottom. The vessel must be bandaged.
Attention! If a vein in the neck or torso is damaged, a tampon is inserted and an ambulance is urgently called. In the event of an abdominal injury, the wounded person turns over on his side; it is imperative to bend his legs. The cut area should be pressed well with your fist before the ambulance arrives. This way it will be possible to clamp large vessels.
It is especially dangerous when the jugular vein is damaged. A pressure bandage is needed here. To increase pressure, you can use tampons, which are made from a sterile bandage. It is important to protect the vessels on the opposite side, to do this you need to raise your hand.
The main goal is to do everything so that the victim loses as little blood as possible, gets rid of painful shock, and prevents infection. Be sure to follow these rules:
It is important to understand that damaged skin is always dangerous; it can end in infection, blood poisoning, especially when the injury is caused by a contaminated object. Vein cuts must be treated with antiseptics - Neomycin, Tetracycline, alcohol solutions (these must be treated with extreme caution, they often cause complications and lead to burns). If you use ointment, be sure to apply it to a napkin, apply it to the injured area, and secure with a bandage.
So, vein cuts are a serious and often fatal injury. Therefore, every minute is important here. In any case, the help of a doctor is required, who will prescribe cleansers, possibly give an injection against tetanus, prescribe the necessary antibiotics, and apply stitches. Suicidal people often harm themselves; they also need additional psychiatric help, otherwise the suicide attempt may be repeated. Be careful!
First, make sure that it is the vein that is damaged: dark, thick blood is flowing. If the blood is scarlet and intensely flowing, this is arterial bleeding.
What to do if you cut a vein in your arm or leg:
If there is no special tourniquet nearby to stop blood loss from the vein, you can use a belt or a plastic bag. The tourniquet should not be held for longer than 60 minutes.
Important. You can't panic. Depending on the depth of the injury and the person’s health status, increased blood pressure, tinnitus and dizziness may occur. You need to try to relax and calm the victim.
First aid for a cut vein is to stop the loss of a large volume of blood, protect the body from infection, and minimize pain shock. Step-by-step implementation of all actions will help save a person’s life.
If first aid for external bleeding from a vein was provided correctly, then shallow wounds will heal within 7 to 12 days. Today, a large number of useful medications are used for treatment, which help speed up the healing process and also prevent the formation of scars. The list of the most common medications includes: panthenol, ethenia and calendula ointments.
Aqueous solutions are used to treat wounds and moisten sterile wipes and bandages. Treatment with drugs is painless. Alcohol solutions can burn the affected tissue and increase the duration of tissue scarring. Ointments are used to treat a wound or a bandage that is applied to a cut. They relieve inflammation and accelerate tissue restoration. Abundant treatment with ointment causes tissue softening and the healing period is extended. To choose the medicine that best suits your specific case, it is recommended to consult your doctor.
If you are interested in what to do if you have a deep cut on your hand, read about it in our other article.
Blockage of blood vessels in the lower extremities is a common reason for visits to a phlebologist and vascular surgeon. Men and women suffer from varicose veins, thrombophlebitis, and thrombosis, and the latter visit medical institutions more often due to the aesthetic defect of the legs - protruding branched veins above the surface of the skin.
The appearance of a vascular network in the area of the foot, lower leg, inner and back of the thigh indicates stagnation of blood, leading to fragility of capillaries and larger vessels. In many cases, patients seek help from a medical facility not with the appearance of the first signs of the disease, but after a vein in the leg has burst, a hematoma has formed, or mobility has been limited. It is necessary to sound the alarm at the first symptoms - the appearance of red (blue) mesh on the legs.
“Varicose veins” translated from Latin means “swelling”. The formation of nodes and dilated sections of veins at the initial level occurs due to a decrease in the natural production of collagen and elastin in the walls of blood vessels, and cell atrophy in the muscle tissue of the veins. The disease can be triggered by a genetic factor or external causes (heavy physical activity, long walking, increased body mass index).
How does pathology occur? In the presence of contributing factors, the venous valves cease to cope with the blood flow, and reflux (reverse outflow) of fluid occurs. If unfavorable factors are permanent, leukocytes attach to endothelial cells, group, and the inflammatory process begins. As a result, the walls of the veins become inflamed throughout the lower bed, the venous valves suffer, and large vessels stretch, forming “pockets.” When walking, a person experiences a feeling of heaviness in the legs and discomfort. Visually, at the initial stage, the disease is expressed by edema, the appearance of spider veins, and mesh on the surface of the skin.
Have you burst a vein in your leg? What is the reason? The pathological process in the vessels appears long before the appearance of external signs of the disease. Causes of vein rupture include:
In most cases, a visit to the doctor is postponed due to lack of free time, reluctance to apply for sick leave, or lack of understanding of the seriousness of the illness. In addition to limiting mobility, disruption of venous blood flow threatens destruction of the wall of a large vessel, internal and external bleeding.
A vein in your leg has burst. Why? A vein rupture can be caused by hard high-heeled shoes, tight clothing, bruises, or sprained joint ligaments when walking. If a vein in the leg bursts, a bruise is a clear sign of internal bleeding. Most often, there is no pain symptom; a person does not immediately find out about the problem. External bleeding is also not accompanied by pain, however, a vein rupture is diagnosed in the first minutes of hemorrhage - the area of clothing on the leg becomes wet.
In the absence of drug treatment, rupture of the vessel entails dangerous consequences. These include:
Early symptoms of the pathology include the presence of persistent swelling in the evening and after sleep, blue nodules on the legs, pain when walking, and fatigue.
If a vein in the leg bursts, blood can leak out or into the tissue. With external bleeding the following is observed:
Violation of the integrity of the vein can occur at the most unexpected moment, in the wrong place. If a person finds himself on the street, far from a pharmacy, you should immediately call emergency help. Before doctors arrive, it is recommended that you take important steps yourself. If you feel unwell, you must ask for help from strangers, as excessive bleeding can lead to collapse and death.
What to do if a vein in your leg bursts? The tactics are as follows:
If a small vessel is damaged, the inflammatory focus has small boundaries, the phlebologist applies classical therapeutic treatment with medications that improve blood supply. He can also offer the patient microsclerotherapy: a special substance is injected into a vein, after which the venous area is reabsorbed within twenty to twenty-five days.
If extensive hemorrhage occurs in internal tissues or externally, surgical intervention is indicated - removal of the vessel in order to restore blood flow. For moderate injuries, the doctor may use ligation of the vessel trunk. Modern medicine offers a modified procedure called “elos” - coagulation. Method of execution: a high-frequency current or laser beam is introduced into the damaged vessel, under the influence of which a “fusion” of the rupture site occurs.
In the old days, people knew how to strengthen blood vessels and fight vein disease with the help of medicinal plants, decoctions, and lotions made from medicinal herbs. Attention: treatment of diseases of the lower extremities associated with ruptured veins is recommended only under the supervision of a physician. Traditional medicine is only a concomitant factor that accelerates the processes of restoration and strengthening of blood vessels.
For a compress, it is recommended to take a small piece of linen fabric (40x50); Roll it up in four layers and brush with honey. Apply a compress to the damaged area of the leg. Honey wrap should be done in the evening before bed. In the morning, remove the compress and rinse off the honey with running water.
A popular proverb says: “It is better to prevent a disease than to treat it later.” To avoid serious problems with veins, people at risk are advised to adhere to the following basic rules:
If a person has the first signs of circulatory problems in the lower extremities, it is recommended to wear special underwear or wrap their legs with elastic bandages before going outside.
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