Varicose veins of the lower extremities (varicose veins) are dilation of the superficial veins in the legs, which is associated with insufficiency of the venous valves and impaired blood flow.
There are risk factors for the onset and progression of the disease. These include:
The main symptom of the disease is dilation of the saphenous veins. This usually appears at a young age. In women - during pregnancy or after childbirth. At the onset of the disease, the following symptoms appear: a feeling of heaviness in the legs, burning, bloating and increased fatigue of the legs. Night cramps in the calf muscles occasionally bother me; pain and swelling along the veins.
There is some swelling of the soft tissues in the feet, lower legs, and ankles. The complex of all these symptoms may differ from patient to patient.
The disease develops slowly (over years or decades). Over time, regular swelling appears, which bothers you in the evening and disappears in the morning. Initially, swelling is observed in the ankles and dorsum of the foot, then spreads to the lower leg. This swelling is a sign of chronic venous insufficiency. If left untreated, hyperpigmentation of the skin of the legs, lipodermatosclerosis, and trophic ulcers may occur.
Diagnostics includes the following types of examination:
There are four forms of the disease:
Based on etiology, the disease is divided into congenital, primary with an unknown cause, secondary with a known cause and disease with an unknown cause.
If you are bothered by frequent cramps of the lower extremities, dilated veins and vascular capillaries are visible, you constantly feel heaviness in your legs, pain after a slight exertion, you need to consult a phlebologist.
The treatment method depends on the form and stage of the disease, on the presence and stage of chronic venous insufficiency.
Main objectives of treatment:
A radical solution to the problem is possible only through surgical and microsurgical means.
The classic surgical treatment method is combined phlebectomy. Methods of minimally invasive interventions include catheter scleroobliteration, endovascular laser coagulation, radiofrequency obliteration.
Conservative treatment of varicose veins includes 3 components: elastic compression, medication, physiotherapy and exercise therapy.
Conservative therapy is not an alternative, but an addition to surgical treatment. It helps to improve well-being, helps slow down the progression of the disease, but does not cure it. Conservative treatment is used as the main method if surgical intervention is not possible.
Without proper and timely treatment, varicose veins threaten the development of thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, and bleeding from dilated veins. If the clot breaks loose, a pulmonary embolism may develop, which can be fatal.
Varicose veins are a sac-like plexus due to the expansion and increase in the length of the vein. In this place, strongly protruding knot-like tangles of veins form.
As a rule, varicose veins form on the lower extremities, mainly from the back of the knee joint and lower leg.
The main cause of this disease is impaired blood circulation in the veins due to weak vein walls and their valves.
This disease often occurs in people who spend a lot of time on their feet, or if a person spends a lot of time sitting. The fact of genetic predisposition to this type of disease is also important here. So if your grandfather or father suffered from this disease, then it will be difficult for you to avoid this disease. Genes are a terrible force in our case. And everything would be fine if this disease were not accompanied by severe burning and heaviness in the legs. Especially in the evening. Often in advanced forms of varicose veins, swelling occurs. And even worse, if this disease is not treated, then over time, at the site of varicose veins, areas with a trophic disorder may be observed where the tissues are highly compacted and the skin changes to a brown or brown color.
Hirudotherapy, treatment with leeches in Samara, Kinel - Cherkassy.
A complication of this disease can also be thrombophlebitis, which is very dangerous due to the fact that a blood clot (blood clot) may break and if it gets into the pulmonary artery it can even lead to death.
Varicose veins are serious and need to be treated!
Varicose veins can be treated surgically, or using hirudotherapy, which in the latter case is very successful!
So now let’s learn more about the procedure for treating varicose veins with leeches.
This method is used in the treatment of varicose veins at the initial or middle stages of their course.
For one procedure for self-treatment of varicose veins with leeches, you will need 3-4 leeches. The course of treatment for the initial stage of varicose veins should be 6-8 sessions.
Leeches should be placed at intervals of 5-6 days. After 3-4 months, the procedure must be repeated.
Places for placing leeches for varicose veins are points No. 5 and No. 7 (see attached picture)
It should be strictly taken into account that the placement of leeches during self-medication should be carried out along the varicose veins (in a checkerboard pattern) at a distance of about 1 cm from the nearest vein, but in no case should the leech be placed on the bundle of veins itself. This is very dangerous because the leech can easily bite through the wall of the vein and it will be very difficult to stop the venous blood. It is also important that no large blood vessels pass close to the skin at the insertion site. Remember this.
When treating varicose veins with leeches at home, you will definitely need an experienced, well-trained assistant.
The procedure for treating varicose veins with leeches is best done after lunch; you will have to spend the remaining time after the procedure lying down. Immediately after the procedure is completed, apply sterile cotton wool tampons to the places where the leeches are placed and cover with a band-aid; a fixing bandage should be put on the top of the cotton wool or loosely wrapped with an elastic bandage. Be prepared to change cotton swabs several times during the evening. In a lying position, you can throw your leg over an object located above the level of your body.
Chain in classification:
3 I80-I89 Diseases of the veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes, not elsewhere classified
Diagnosis with code I80-I89 includes 10 clarifying diagnoses (ICD-10 headings):
Contains 6 blocks of diagnoses.
Included: endophlebitis, inflammation of veins, periphlebitis, purulent phlebitis.
Excluded: phlebitis and thrombophlebitis: . complicating: . abortion, ectopic or molar pregnancy (O00-O07, O08.7). pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period (O22.-, O87.-) . intracranial and spinal septic or NOS (G08) . intracranial non-pyogenic (I67.6). spinal non-pyogenic (G95.1). portal vein (K75.1) postphlebitic syndrome (I87.0) migratory thrombophlebitis (I82.1) If it is necessary to identify the drug whose use caused the lesion, use an additional code for external causes (class XX)..
Excluded: embolism and venous thrombosis: . cerebral (I63.6, I67.6). coronary (I21-I25). intracranial and spinal, septic or NOS (G08). intracranial, non-pyogenic (I67.6). spinal, non-pyogenic (G95.1). lower extremities (I80.-) . mesenteric (K55.0) . portal (I81) . pulmonary (I26.-) . complicating: . abortion, ectopic or molar pregnancy (O00-O07, O08.8). pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period (O22.-, O87.-).
Contains 4 blocks of diagnoses.
Excluded: complicating: . pregnancy (O22.0) . postpartum period (O87.8).
Contains 10 blocks of diagnoses.
Included: hemorrhoids, varicose veins of the anus or rectum.
Excluded: varicose veins of the retina (H35.0) varicose veins of unspecified localization (I83.9).
Excludes: acute lymphadenitis other than mesenteric (L04.-) lymph node enlargement NOS (R59.-) disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] manifesting as generalized lymphadenopathy (B23.1).
Excluded: chylocele: . filarial (B74.-) . membranes vaginalis (nonfilarious) NOS (N50.8) enlarged lymph nodes NOS (R59.-) congenital lymphedema (Q82.0) lymphedema after mastectomy (I97.2).
There is no additional information about the diagnosis I80-I89 in the ICD-10 classifier.
"Varix" means swelling. Varicose veins, accordingly, are pathological swelling of veins.
The occurrence (and progression) of varicose veins is possible due to the presence of several contributing conditions:
The movement of blood in the veins occurs in pushes: a portion of blood, moving in the direction of the heart (up), pushes the leaflets of the venous valves towards the wall of the vein - and rises to a height equal to the distance between two adjacent valves.
Having passed the blood upward, the pockets of the valves are filled with blood tending to flow back down - and close.
The force of impact of a portion of blood into the wall of the vein is very high. This “hammer”, striking around the clock at the weakest point, causes stretching of the vein wall - and its protrusion outward, once it has begun, does not stop. The protruding wall of the vein resembles a hernia, and, in fact, that’s what it is.
From now on, the valves in this section of the vein lose the ability to close tightly - and the blood “falls” down. Stagnating and accumulating both here and in neighboring areas, the blood stretches the vein over an increasingly significant extent - and structures are formed that resemble a rosary in shape.
This is the varicose process in a vein, or its varicose veins.
The following reasons lead to varicose veins:
Veins can exist not only in the form of single “tubes”, as in the limbs. There are places in the body where, instead of one vascular bed, there is a whole single network of them - these are plexuses.
And this network is formed around especially loaded organs - for example, the stomach “braided” with it resembles a melon placed in a string bag. And it is in such places that varicose veins develop most often.
Such structures densely intertwined with a venous network include:
The characteristics of varicose veins or plexuses are determined by the location of the organ they serve - whether it is located in the body cavity or located outside it.
Thus, the vein of the spinal cord or the vein of the spermatic cord affected by varicose veins has nowhere to expand; they pass in narrow canals, and this creates both additional difficulties for blood circulation in these areas and for the blood supply to the structures located here.
Symptoms of varicose veins in the legs vary depending on the stage of development of the pathology:
Of the pelvic organs, the venous plexuses of which are susceptible to varicose veins, the most indicative is the rectum.
Its varicose veins, called hemorrhoids, occur in 4 stages: from the puzzling sensation of incomplete bowel movement, the feeling that “something is stuck there” in stage 1 – to the appearance of the first hemorrhoids, palpable during digital examination of the rectum in stage 2.
The third stage of hemorrhoids is when the nodes emerge during defecation and are still reducible; it inevitably moves into stage 4.
At stage 4, huge clusters of hemorrhoids, no longer reducible, hang helplessly from the anus, bleeding, causing excruciating pain and threatening the owner of the rectum with death from a blood clot that has formed in this place and set off on a dangerous voyage along the bloodstream.
Male sex glands - testes, or testicles - also classified as pelvic organs, although only their spermatic cords pass through its cavity, are also susceptible to varicose veins.
Varicocele, meaning “cluster of venous nodes”, this is the name of this male disease, similar to hemorrhoids, it goes through 4 stages of development: veins are not identified - palpated while standing - palpated lying down - visible to the eye.
Having reached a certain stage in adolescence, varicocele usually does not progress to the next stage and is extremely rare on both sides.
The condition of the veins of the testicle (the venous plexus around its body, as well as the system of veins passing along with the spermatic cord in the inguinal canal) can be judged by the visible veins of the scrotum.
If they are unnaturally full-blooded, protrude sharply above the skin level, and are even more painful, then pain in the testicle or groin is most likely associated with stagnation of blood in these areas due to varicose veins.
The photo shows what progressive varicose veins of the pelvis look like
The female genital organs (uterus and ovaries) are more difficult to examine, since they are completely hidden in the pelvic cavity.
But varicose veins can be judged by the labia that are on the surface - thanks to them, the symptoms of varicose veins of the uterus and other female genital organs cannot be hidden.
The feeling of heaviness, tension, soreness, symptoms of irritation - and even more so bleeding - in places where a part of any pelvic organ accessible to inspection comes to the surface, allows us to make an assumption about the condition of the entire organ hidden in the depths of the pelvis.
Bleeding from esophageal varices can one day become fatal.
After diagnosis, further development of the disease can be stopped by using conservative or surgical treatment of the pathology.
The tactics of therapy depend on the location of the disorder and the stage of development of the disease: in the early period, it is enough to review and change the rhythm of life in combination with wearing compression stockings (if the process is externally localized), taking venotonic drugs and electromyostimulation (stimulation of the calf muscles improves blood circulation in the limbs) .
In severe cases, treatment is purely surgical. Its essence consists in removing from the blood circulation the area affected by varicose veins or several channels of the venous plexus (phlebectomy). Or turning off the vein from the blood circulation - sealing the lumen of the vein in one way or another (laser coagulation, sclerotherapy).
Blood circulation with these methods of treatment is carried out through other (circular) veins, which take on the role of the main ones.
If possible, the method of microsurgical revascularization is used - the creation of a new bloodstream (bypassing the empty one) by vein transplantation.
Only by stopping “running” from the disease, by paying attention to yourself and to the opinions of doctors, can you do everything really possible for a complete cure for the disorder.
Climbing Mount Everest with varicose veins is unlikely, but if every day, without stress, jokingly, willingly climb the nearest gentle hill, in a few years you can easily walk a path equal to the path to its peak!
Varicose veins are characteristic not only of the legs or other parts of the body, but also of the internal organs. Among the organs that can be subject to varicose veins are:
In all these organs of the gastrointestinal tract, the appearance of such an undesirable disease is possible.
This type of varicose veins cannot be recognized by any external manifestations. As a rule, such an ailment can manifest itself in the form of pain in the stomach. The cause of the disease can be absolutely any factor that can affect the portal vein located on the esophagus.
The most common causes include liver cirrhosis, tumors, amyloidosis or thrombosis. When these factors occur, the portal vein stops working normally. For example, when a vein is compressed by a tumor, blood flow in the vein is disrupted. After this, certain areas of the esophageal vein become oversaturated with blood. When it stops working normally, varicose veins of the internal veins appear.
In addition to abdominal pain, varicose veins in the esophagus can be determined by the condition of the abdomen. If the patient notices a clear increase in it, as well as protrusion of the veins in the navel area, then you should immediately consult a doctor for help. If you do not pay proper attention to the disease, you can get bleeding in your abdominal cavity. An excellent prevention of esophageal disease is a diet that prohibits eating fatty, fried and hot foods.
Varicose veins are the terrible “plague of the 21st century.” 57% of patients die within 10 years of.
The most popular and popular name for this disease is hemorrhoids. This disease can be either congenital or acquired. Most often it manifests itself in cases where there is weakening of the walls of blood vessels in the area of hemorrhoidal veins. At the same time, the veins expand and create unpleasant sensations in the anal area. The causes of hemorrhoids may be:
Suggestions on how to cure this type of varicose veins include avoiding the causes that trigger it. If you eat only healthy food with a minimum of fat and alcohol, then you can calmly live your life without such an inconvenient illness. People should try to avoid excessive chair sitting if it is an office job. Also, do not overdo it with physical activity.
If hemorrhoids occur, you should consult a doctor for instructions on how to get rid of them as soon as possible and with a minimum of consequences. Treatment of internal varicose veins of the rectum can take quite a long period of time.
Almost every organ of the gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to varicose veins. And the human intestine is no exception. The danger of this disease is that it can cause bleeding in the abdominal cavity, which can only be stopped by surgery.
To avoid such a problem, you need to take care of your body. The condition of the entire gastrointestinal tract depends on what food we eat. The more food that irritates the gastrointestinal tract in your diet, the higher the likelihood of intestinal varicose veins.
If this disease is not treated in time, it can lead to mesenteric thrombosis, which is manifested by sharp and acute pain in the abdomen. If thrombosis occurs, the patient's risk of heart attack and coronary artery disease increases. To cure this disease, surgery is necessary.
Varicose veins of internal organs (in particular, the stomach) are a much more dangerous disease than external ones. In this case, the only treatment option will be surgical intervention by a specialist.
At the initial stage of gastric varicose veins, it is almost impossible to determine it. Only if you consult a doctor for diagnosis. The first obvious symptoms appear when, during bowel movements, the stool becomes black with blood in color, and vomiting of blood is also present. Characteristic signs of internal varicose veins of the stomach are also rapid heartbeat and low blood pressure.
Varicose veins of the abdominal cavity are a very unpleasant and life-threatening disease. Therefore, it is necessary to consult a doctor for help as soon as possible. Only a competent specialist can tell you exactly how to treat internal varicose veins without risk to the patient.
Ksenia Strizhenko: “How did I get rid of varicose veins on my legs in 1 week? This inexpensive product works wonders, it's a common one. "