Varicose disease of the lower extremities (varicose veins, varicose veins) is a widespread pathology of the venous system, manifested by irreversible changes in the veins of the lower extremities - thinning of the venous wall, the formation of nodular enlargements and incompetence of the venous valves.
According to various sources, varicose veins affect 30 to 40% of women and 10 to 20% of men of working age.
Phlebologists identify the following reasons for the development of varicose veins:
Even before visual signs of varicose veins appear, patients complain of a feeling of heaviness, fatigue, and pain in the lower legs. In accordance with the international classification of varicose veins, there are 7 classes of the disease with their characteristic symptoms:
The patient complains of heaviness in the legs in the absence of visible signs of varicose veins.
The presence of telangiectasias (vascular “webs” and “stars”). In rare cases, cramps occur at night.
Upon visual examination of the patient, dilated veins are observed.
The appearance of swelling of the feet, ankles and legs, which persists for a long time.
Due to tissue malnutrition, pigmentation occurs in the ankle area, accompanied by peeling of the skin.
A closed trophic ulcer is formed.
An open trophic ulcer (slow-healing open wound) occurs. The presence of a trophic ulcer is a high risk to the patient’s health if it becomes infected.
Varicose veins affect the greater and lesser saphenous veins, as well as the perforating veins leading to the deep veins. Due to muscle contraction during physical activity, pressure is created that “pushes” the blood upward; the venous valves, in turn, close and prevent the blood from moving downward. With varicose veins, weakness of the venous wall and insufficiency of the valves leads to the phenomenon of reflux (reverse flow of blood), the blood begins to move not only in an upward flow, but also in a downward flow. As a result of excess pressure on the walls of blood vessels, the veins expand, take on a tortuous shape, and “knots” are formed. This leads to malnutrition and subsequent tissue death of the lower extremities in the lower leg area (trophic ulcer).
To diagnose varicose veins, the Bone Clinic uses triplex (duplex) ultrasound angioscanning. This method allows not only to determine the presence of the disease, but also to assess the condition of the venous walls and venous valves, as well as the presence and size of blood clots.
Modern medicine offers both conservative and surgical treatment for varicose veins of the lower extremities.
Conservative therapy involves normalizing physical activity, wearing compression stockings, drug therapy and physiotherapeutic procedures. Bone Clinic specialists have developed a treatment program to relieve the symptoms of varicose veins. Comfortable procedures help relieve swelling, relieve the feeling of fatigue and heaviness in the legs. It is important to understand that conservative treatment is not able to restore blood vessels, but only prevent further development of the disease.
Sclerotherapy has been widely used for several years as a minimally invasive method for treating varicose veins. This method involves the introduction of a drug into the vein cavity - a sclerosant, which, filling the vein cavity, causes its spasm, and then gluing of the vessel walls.
Since varicose veins are an irreversible process, a radical approach to treating the disease itself is proposed. Today, the “gold standard” for the treatment of varicose veins is endovenous (endovasal) laser coagulation (EVLC), which allows you to get rid of varicose veins in 1.5-2 hours (outpatient) and quickly return to your usual lifestyle. Every year, the surgeon-phlebologist at the Bone Clinic performs more than 300 operations to eliminate varicose veins. The EVLT method allows the operation to be performed even on patients with closed and open trophic ulcers (the Bone Clinic phlebologist will first propose a set of measures to close the ulcer).
If left untreated, varicose veins can have serious consequences for the patient's health. In advanced cases, varicose veins can lead to thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities - inflammation of the venous wall, accompanied by the formation of blood clots and, as a consequence, a slowdown in blood flow and an increase in its viscosity. As the disease progresses, pathologies cover more and more veins, and there is a risk of developing pulmonary embolism. In the most severe cases, refusal of treatment leads to vascular occlusion (obstruction), resulting in gangrene of the limb.
To prevent varicose veins, it is recommended to adhere to an active lifestyle; playing sports (swimming, cycling) will be useful. During pregnancy, as well as during work activities associated with heavy loads on the legs, it is necessary to use compression hosiery.
Varicose veins on the legs ( varicose veins - popular name ) are an externally visible enlargement of the saphenous veins, developing as a result of varicose veins or post-thrombotic syndrome and accompanied by a sharp disruption of venous outflow in the lower extremities.
Modern methods of the Innovative Vascular Center make it possible to treat varicose veins radically without incisions and pain.
For many people, varicose veins and spider veins are only a cosmetic problem. For others, varicose veins cause aching pain and discomfort. Sometimes varicose veins lead to more serious problems and complications - thrombophlebitis or the appearance of trophic ulcers. Treatment consists of removing or closing the deformed veins, which is the job of a phlebologist.
Varicose veins are complete degeneration of the venous wall, associated with the weakness of its connective tissue (varicose veins of the lower extremities), or developing with a sharp disruption of venous outflow due to blockage or overflow of the veins.
The disease, as a cause of varicose veins in the legs, occurs in 20-40% of the population of developed countries. For a long time, varicose veins are only a cosmetic defect, but the progression of the disease leads to pain, swelling of the feet and legs, and in advanced stages to darkening of the skin of the legs, inflammatory changes and varicose trophic ulcers.
Hereditary predisposition is the main cause of primary varicose veins, but the disease develops when there is excessive load on the veins. The trigger mechanism for varicose veins of the lower extremities is sudden physical stress, pregnancy and childbirth. In this case, there is a sharp increase in pressure in the veins of the lower extremities and damage to the valve apparatus, which triggers the mechanism for the development of the disease.
Secondary varicose veins develop after venous thrombosis or as a result of congenital diseases (arteriovenous fistulas, congenital venous dysplasia). Postthrombotic disease is a complex progressive pathological process in the venous system of the lower extremities. Due to valvular insufficiency or blockage of the deep veins, the saphenous veins dilate as they become overfilled with blood. Another cause may be congenital or acquired arteriovenous fistulas. Rarely, congenital obstruction of the deep veins occurs, leading to secondary varicose veins (Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome)
More than 40% of women and 20% of men have swollen varicose veins. In 20% of cases, varicose veins lead to the appearance of a trophic ulcer; more than 25% of patients suffer thrombophlebitis of varicose veins. These complications often require serious treatment and pose a great threat to health.
Obstruction of venous outflow causes a pathological condition called chronic venous insufficiency. At the very beginning of the disease, one can note the appearance of single nodules of dilated veins, which do not cause any particular concern, although they can sometimes ache. Subsequently, the number of varicose veins increases. The disease progresses slowly but continuously. If the first varicose veins appear below the knee, then the rate of development of the disease is much higher. If the disease is not stopped, then the third stage of venous insufficiency gradually develops. Swelling becomes constant, dark skin color appears in the ankle area, and heaviness in the legs constantly bothers you, which can persist even after a night's rest. Thrombophlebitis of varicose veins and skin inflammation, eczema and dermatitis often develop. The final stage of development of varicose veins is the appearance of trophic ulcers.
Thrombophlebitis is the most common complication of varicose veins. Thrombophlebitis is an inflammation of the venous wall, with the formation of blood clots in the lumen of the vein. Thrombophlebitis occurs in superficial and deep veins. With varicose veins, thrombophlebitis occurs in 25% of patients and is usually superficial. The cause of thrombophlebitis in varicose veins is very slow blood flow, especially in large nodes. Under these conditions, any factors that increase blood clotting (pregnancy, overheating, trauma, sprains, hypothermia and scratches, acute respiratory infections) can cause the formation of a blood clot in a varicose vein and its inflammation. Thrombophlebitis occurs in 25% of patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities. The cause of thrombophlebitis is a slowdown in blood flow in varicose veins. Thrombophlebitis can progress and lead to deep vein thrombosis. Chronic venous insufficiency is a painful condition of venous outflow due to varicose veins. It is characterized by swelling, darkening of the skin, the appearance of trophic ulcers and varicose dermatitis.
A trophic ulcer is a sign of an extreme degree of chronic venous insufficiency. This is a long-term non-healing wound that occurs when the venous outflow through the deep and superficial veins is severely impaired. It occurs in 1% of the general population and in 20% of patients with venous diseases. Every fifth patient with varicose veins who does not receive treatment sooner or later receives a trophic ulcer. It can develop both with varicose veins and with secondary varicose veins. Without eliminating pathological venous discharges, varicose trophic ulcers do not heal or constantly recur. Trophic ulcers with varicose veins occur in most patients and cause serious suffering. Modern minimally invasive methods make it possible to reliably eliminate varicose trophic ulcers without incisions and pain.
Pulmonary embolism is a severe complication of venous thrombosis. Varicose veins are an important risk factor for thrombophlebitis and deep venous thrombosis. Thromboembolism leads to the development of severe cardiac and respiratory failure, with a mortality rate of more than 50%.
Any modern person should have an idea of what varicose veins on the legs are, how to treat and prevent their occurrence. If there is a hereditary predisposition, factors that contribute to varicose veins should be avoided, taking venotonic medications, wearing compression stockings during exercise, periodic examinations by a phlebologist and ultrasound of the veins.
When working under conditions of accompanying factors, it is necessary to use compression hosiery of class 1 compression at work, therapeutic exercises, active recreation, daily walks for at least 1 hour in therapeutic hosiery, foot massage and swimming. Refusal to use oral contraceptives in case of complicated inheritance of varicose veins. It is better to adhere to these simple rules than to treat varicose veins on the legs.
Avoid producing factors during heavy physical work. For this, compression stockings are necessary, especially if you are prone to varicose veins. Therapeutic knitwear is indicated for all pregnant women, and in cases of predisposition to varicose veins and thrombophlebitis, special compression stockings are worn during childbirth. It is advisable for all pregnant women to see a phlebologist and perform an ultrasound of the veins in the last weeks of pregnancy. This will help reduce the risk of problems with the venous system.
Over the past 10 years, “barbaric” methods of treating varicose veins have become a thing of the past, thanks to the emergence of more gentle and effective methods that are successfully used in our clinic.
Sclerotherapy is the introduction into the lumen of a varicose vein of a drug that causes “gluing” of the walls with the disappearance of the veins. A number of chemicals are used for sclerotherapy; there have been attempts at treatment with ozone. At one time, the advent of foam sclerotherapy revolutionized phlebology. For the first time, an effective method of treating varicose veins without major surgery has appeared. Currently, foam sclerotherapy is used to remove varicose veins of medium diameter after laser obliteration of pathological venous discharges. Sclerotherapy is indispensable in the treatment of spider veins and reticular varicose veins, where it has no real competitors.
Laser treatment for varicose veins of the lower extremities (EVLK) is the most modern, radical and inexpensive method of treatment, which allows both to treat varicose veins on the legs and eliminate the causes of trophic ulcers. The point of laser treatment is to thermally heat the venous wall from the inside and subsequent resorption of the varicose vein. The latest achievement in EVLT is a 1470 nm laser and radial light guide, which were introduced into medical practice by phlebologists of the Innovative Vascular Center. The postoperative period after this technique is completely painless, and the result is superior to other treatment options - the radicality of laser intervention is at least 98%.
Surgical treatment of varicose veins with removal of the main venous trunks is becoming a thing of the past. The risk of complications from the removal of stem veins forced phlebologists to look for other approaches, which led to the development of laser techniques and other methods of thermal obliteration of veins. However, the modification of classical phlebectomy into microphlebectomy according to Müller and Varadi allowed the emergence of a wonderful combination of laser treatment and removal of large varicose veins through punctures without incisions and sutures. Varadi's technique saved patients from painful sclerotherapy for large varicose veins. Miniphlebectomy allows you to both treat varicose veins of the legs and remove visible varicose veins on any part of the body.
Radiofrequency obliteration (RFO) of varicose veins of the legs is a modern and safe method of treatment. The method is based on the use of microwaves, which heat a metal probe, which narrows the vein wall and causes destruction of the inner lining. In Russia, the VNUS Closure technique is mainly used. In terms of its painlessness, the method corresponds to laser coagulation with lasers with a wavelength of 1470 nm, and is characterized by ease of execution and low postoperative pain. However, RFO is much inferior to laser in terms of long-term treatment results. The effectiveness of RFO is 85% without relapse. The method is not suitable for the treatment of perforating veins.
Massage is a method of active treatment of varicose veins
The Innovative Vascular Center uses all types of modern massage, especially for pathologies of the lymphatic and venous systems. Among the exclusive methods is the technology of lymphatic drainage massage with banding, which very effectively relieves chronic venous insufficiency.
In case of chronic venous insufficiency, massage is used to eliminate venous hypertension in varicose veins and post-thrombotic syndrome. The combination of this massage with bandaging allows you to effectively eliminate all clinical manifestations of the disease.
Unfortunately, it is impossible to achieve a complete cure for varicose veins without eliminating venous discharges and varicose veins. Although reducing the symptoms associated with stagnation of venous blood in the legs is quite possible with the help of modern therapy. However, the prevalence of varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency sometimes gives rise to a desire to speculate on this problem. Let's look at modern methods of treatment and fooling.
A bath with varicose veins , thrombophlebitis or post-thrombotic disease is very dangerous. Any thermal stress can provoke the formation of blood clots in the deep veins with all the ensuing consequences.
The goal of drug therapy for venous pathology is to reduce symptoms and prevent complications, but achieving these goals is not easy. Today, the abundance of means that can be used has given rise to another problem: which one to choose? Unfortunately, most of the proposed drugs have rather low effectiveness, despite the theoretically justified feasibility of use. This is due to a number of reasons, the main one of which is the body’s low absorption of the medicinal substances of these drugs. An ideal drug for the treatment of venous insufficiency should affect as many pathogenetic links of chronic venous insufficiency as possible, while having a minimum number of side effects and high absorption by the body. The modern pharmaceutical market offers a fairly large number of types of venotonic drugs. However, their medicinal substances are similar (plant flavonoids) and therefore the effectiveness of one or the other depends only on the concentration and digestibility of the active principle. The most popular are: detralex, phlebodia, antistax, troxevasin and venoruton.
You should not expect the disappearance of varicose veins from these drugs, but there may be lightness in the legs, a decrease in swelling and the disappearance of night cramps.
Despite the high effectiveness promoted by sellers and manufacturers, creams and gels do not bring relief from varicose veins and varicose veins do not disappear from them. At the initial stage of venous insufficiency, phlebologists do not object to the use of these agents, since rubbing them promotes venous outflow, like a light massage, and has a soothing effect on the skin. In advanced forms of venous insufficiency, these creams and ointments can cause dermatitis and allergization, and are therefore very harmful. Gel "Lioton" and other heparinized agents are used in the development of acute thrombophlebitis and help to subside the inflammatory process, but varicose veins do not disappear from them. Thanks to proper advertising, shamanic products such as “Sophia with leeches” have gained great popularity among the people, but they have no relation to medicines or leeches and one cannot expect any sense from them.
A frequent complication of varicose veins is thrombophlebitis, especially during pregnancy and the postpartum period. A proven drug for preventing blood clots is low molecular weight heparin (Fraxiparine, Clexane). To prevent thrombophlebitis after treatment of varicose veins, our clinic uses Xarelto or Prodaxa tablets. They are taken 7 days after laser or radiofrequency intervention.
Compression hosiery is undoubtedly one of the most effective means of treating venous edema and reducing the degree of chronic venous insufficiency. Having been invented more than 100 years ago, having gained enormous popularity in the 20th and even more so in the 21st century, compression socks and stockings have become an integral part of treatment with a phlebologist. This is due to the effects it has:
So, if you have varicose veins and are planning to treat them, then during treatment you will undoubtedly use compression stockings for a period of several days - several months (individually). If your legs swell at the end of the day after work and you suffer from heavy leg syndrome, you can also wear compression stockings during the day to avoid these symptoms in the evening. If you have complications of untreated varicose veins - trophic ulcers or thrombophlebitis - you will, of course, also use compression to improve the condition of your legs and reduce unpleasant symptoms.
The fact is that by improving venous outflow, compression hosiery works every second of wearing to improve the return of venous blood from the legs, which is undoubtedly not easy for veins compromised by disease and against the law of gravity. Compression hosiery can easily be called one of the ingenious inventions of mankind, but for it to work for you, several conditions must be met:
1.Compression jersey is selected individually (according to measurements). The main requirement is compliance with the anatomical profile of the limb and, therefore, the creation of the correct pressure gradient.
2.Knitwear is selected by a doctor (phlebologist) individually. Medical products are marked in mmHg and are divided into compression classes 1, 2, 3, 4. Each compression class corresponds to a certain pressure. For different stages of varicose veins or chronic venous insufficiency, the appropriate compression class is used. That is why only a doctor has the right to prescribe and select compression hosiery correctly - taking into account the nature of the pathology and according to individual standards.
3. It should be medical (Sigvaris, Venosan, Medi, Jobst, Bauerfeind), and not stretch knitwear. Only proven brands with RAL certificate.
A necessary component of any treatment for varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency is medical elastic compression. Thanks to compression therapy, it is possible to completely eliminate swelling and heaviness in the legs and create conditions for any type of radical treatment of varicose veins.
Modern medical knitwear has a high therapeutic effect and excellent aesthetic properties.
In our clinic you can undergo all types of ultrasound diagnostics. Research is carried out at a high professional level.
Contact numbers: 8(964) 3178766, (814-2) 67-09-33, (814-2) 78-40-40
Cardiovascular diseases are currently the leading ones in the structure of general morbidity among the population. There is a tendency towards rejuvenation of these diseases.
Risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease include: smoking, physical inactivity, impaired carbohydrate tolerance, obesity, genetic predisposition, stress, male gender, hypercholesterolemia and other risk factors.
Echocardiography (echocardioscopy, echocardiography) is a modern highly informative study. It allows you to identify initial changes in the heart with arterial hypertension and coronary artery disease, such as left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy (wall thickening). If these signs are detected in people with arterial hypertension (even if the person considers himself absolutely healthy), we can say that even minimal clinical manifestations already lead to changes in the heart and the person needs non-drug and drug correction of the disease.
In case of coronary artery disease, echocardioscopy makes it possible to detect atherosclerotic lesions of the aorta (thickening of the aortic walls, the presence of atherosclerotic plaques, identification of areas of expansion of the thoracic aorta). With echocardiography, it is possible to visualize areas of the myocardium that are experiencing a lack of blood flow due to the presence of atherosclerotic plaques or blood clots in the coronary arteries; these areas of the myocardium appear to contract less actively (hypokinesia zones) or not contract at all (akinesia zones), compared to neighboring “healthy” areas of the heart. Such zones of myocardial hypokinesia are identified either in the event of an already accomplished myocardial infarction, or in an area of high risk of infarction, and such patients are indicated for coronary angiography followed by surgical treatment (stenting, bypass surgery).
Today, echocardiography is also the only reliable method for diagnosing valvular heart defects (congenital or acquired - rheumatic, postendocardial, atherosclerotic), as well as most known congenital heart defects. The method allows for dynamic monitoring of patients with heart defects and prompt indications for their surgical correction.
For the purpose of early diagnosis of atherosclerosis, a triplex scan of the brachiocephalic arteries (carotid and vertebral) is performed. The study allows you to directly visualize either minimal atherosclerotic changes in the inner wall of the vessel (in the form of thickening of the “intima-media” complex with areas of compaction) or to identify existing atherosclerotic plaques, determine the degree of stenosis of the lumen of the vessel and the degree of risk of stroke. The study is currently available to patients, safe (since it is not accompanied by radiation exposure) and in terms of information content is equivalent to expensive angiography accompanied by X-ray radiation. When performing a triplex scan of the brachiocephalic arteries, it is also possible to detect pathological tortuosity of the vessels (angular and S-shaped bends, looping), congenital hypoplasia of the arteries with a decrease in blood flow through them.
With triplex scanning of the arteries of the lower extremities, it is possible to identify atherosclerotic lesions of the main arteries, determine the degree of stenosis of the lumen of the vessels, visualize blood clots in the lumen of the arteries of the lower extremities, clearly identify areas of arterial occlusion, and study the speed and spectral characteristics of blood flow in the main arteries at various levels.
There are secondary renovascular hypertension, accompanied by persistently high blood pressure (especially diastolic), which is difficult to correct with medication. The cause of this disease is stenosis of the renal arteries. Triplex scanning of the renal arteries allows to identify hemodynamically significant stenoses (i.e., stenoses of more than 55-60% of the lumen of the vessel). The only radical treatment for renovascular hypertension is surgery.
In elderly patients with diffuse atherosclerosis, ischemic colitis is often diagnosed, the cause of which is a violation of the blood supply to the intestines. This pathology can be detected by performing a triplex scan of the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta (celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery).
Today, the problem of varicose veins (about 50% of women and 30% of men suffer from it) and the problem of thrombophlebitis are very relevant. In case of superficial thrombophlebitis, the patient is indicated for urgent surgical treatment to prevent the penetration of a blood clot into the deep venous system with the risk of developing pulmonary embolism (PE). Without preliminary triplex scanning of veins, the risk of embolic complications during surgery is quite high. As for deep vein thrombophlebitis, treatment is often carried out “blindly”; the level and extent of damage to the veins is not precisely known to the clinician. The presence of such a dangerous complication of thrombophlebitis as floating thrombosis, in which there is a very high probability of separation of part of the blood clot with the development of pulmonary embolism (PE), is also not known. Triplex scanning of veins allows you to visualize veins (superficial and deep) along their entire length, identify a thrombus in the lumen of the veins, determine the extent of thrombosis, the structure of the thrombus - (“old”, “fresh”), measure the thickness of the thrombus in different parts of the veins and the residual venous lumen , diagnose a floating thrombus, etc.
For varicose veins, all patients need a triplex scan of the veins of the lower extremities. The purpose of the study is, firstly, to diagnose the disease - to identify incompetent vein valves, visualize dilated tortuous tributaries, and often detect wall thrombi in the lumen of varicose veins). Secondly, the purpose of the study is to determine the patency of the deep veins (if the deep veins are thrombosed and varicose veins are a secondary disease, then removal of such a superficial varicose vein is contraindicated, since it carries out the main function of venous outflow). Thirdly, triplex scanning allows you to accurately determine the individual anatomy of the superficial veins: identify areas of doubling of the main trunks, localize the location and course of large tributaries (including communicating veins) and identify the presence of perforating veins with incompetent valves. Perforators are veins that connect the superficial and deep venous systems. In the presence of incompetence of the perforator valves, a pathological discharge of blood from the deep veins into the superficial veins occurs, with their subsequent dilation. If during phlebectomy the incompetent perforators are not removed, then the patient will soon develop a recurrence of varicose veins and the question of repeat surgery often arises.
Gel for varicose veins
Varicose veins are a dangerous disease that causes a lot of trouble and can be fatal. Varicose veins are a serious lesion of the circulatory system. People after 30-40 years of age suffer most often. Venous blood normally rises under pressure from the legs to the heart. If this process is disrupted, then the body is forced to increase pressure to move blood upward, which leads to valvular insufficiency, in which blood from deep vessels flows into superficial ones. Under the influence of increased pressure, the walls of blood vessels lose their elasticity, become thinner and stretch, this leads to the formation of subcutaneous nodes and blue stars. In the absence of timely treatment, muscle deformation, destruction of bone tissue, formation of eczema and the appearance of trophic non-healing ulcers that develop into gangrene occur, and there is a high risk of blood clots. For the treatment and prevention of varicose veins, phlebologists recommend using Varius gel.
There are a number of factors that lead to varicose veins:
It is very important not to miss the onset of the disease, in order to begin treatment in time and prevent serious complications, you need to know the characteristic symptoms:
The combination of natural ingredients of the drug works effectively in restoring venous circulation. The use of Varius gel helps eliminate venous enlargements, improve the elasticity of blood vessels, and restore normal activity of the circulatory system.
The unique formula of natural ingredients has high biological activity. The components included in the composition contain bioflavonoids, a rich complex of vitamins, minerals, trace elements and amino acids.
Apply Varius Gel 2 times a day - carefully, with light massaging movements on clean, undamaged skin.
You can purchase Varius gel right now in our online pharmacy in Petrozavodsk. Only by ordering here will you purchase a truly certified product, thereby protecting yourself from counterfeits.
Buy gel for varicose veins Varius at Pharmacy Light?? in Petrozavodsk. Price - 990 rubles ??. Delivery. Reviews. Composition, use, contraindications. Order Varius in a pharmacy online now! ??
According to statistics, in developed countries every fourth person suffers from this disease. It is called a disease that a person inherited as retribution for walking upright.
We talked about varicose veins of the lower extremities with Alexander Valentinovich Mamonov, a vascular surgeon at the Expert Voronezh Clinic.
— Alexander Valentinovich, what are varicose veins of the lower extremities?
This is a chronic, slowly and steadily developing disease, characterized by the appearance of dilated, tortuous veins under the skin of the lower extremities, sometimes with the formation of nodes. The rate of development of the pathological process is individual.
— What are the causes of varicose veins?
There are different theories explaining the appearance of this disease. At the same time, the factors contributing to varicose veins of the lower extremities have been clearly established.
- hereditary predisposition to the development of venous insufficiency; — lack of physical activity: excess body weight; intense physical activity with heavy lifting;
- prolonged stay in hot climates;
- tendency to constipation;
- the period of pregnancy (especially the second or third). In general, the fair sex is more predisposed to developing varicose veins.
— What do statistics say about this disease? How common is it and who is at risk for developing varicose veins of the lower extremities?
In developed countries, the disease occurs in one form or another in every fourth person.
— Are varicose veins of the lower extremities coded somehow according to ICD-10?
Yes, it is designated by code I83.
— In various sources you can find the opinion that varicose veins are more common in women than in men. Is this really true and if so, why?
Yes, it is true. There are several factors. Female sex hormones weaken the tone of the venous wall. During pregnancy, the uterus compresses the inferior vena cava, resulting in increased pressure in the venous system of the lower extremities.
— What are the signs of varicose veins in the legs?
The leading symptom (or, more correctly, manifestation) of varicose veins of the lower extremities are dilated, twisted veins of different diameters under the skin, sometimes nodes.
As they progress, their diameter increases, new areas with such veins appear, and their shape changes. Veins can be either straight or convoluted, with the formation of tubercles and nodes.
Further signs of chronic venous insufficiency develop. In this case, symptoms such as a feeling of heaviness in the legs, cramps of the calf muscles may be noted; itching and tingling in the legs; swelling of the feet and legs; pain in the legs, worse when standing; pain in the legs, relieved by raising the legs.
— What specialty should you consult with a doctor if you suspect varicose veins?
To a vascular surgeon (angiosurgeon).
You can make an appointment with a vascular surgeon here
Please note: consultations are not available in all cities
— What is included in the complex of diagnostic examinations for varicose veins?
It all starts with a medical history and examination by a doctor. Of the instrumental methods today, the “gold standard” for the study of veins is ultrasound duplex scanning (USDS). It is used to detail and specify the diagnosis.
You can sign up for an ultrasound duplex scan here
— How does modern medicine approach the treatment of varicose veins? How quickly can patients restore beauty and lightness to their legs?
It depends on at what stage the treatment began. With a relatively small diameter of the veins and in the absence of valvular insufficiency (impaired functioning of the venous valves detected by ultrasound scanning), various sclerotherapy techniques can be used. The result can be seen almost immediately.
If the veins are more significantly dilated and there is valvular insufficiency, surgery to remove the veins is performed. Currently they are performed through small punctures. Recovery time depends on the volume of surgical intervention or, in other words, the volume of surgical trauma inflicted.
— If varicose veins have already manifested themselves, can the disease go away on its own? What happens if the disease is not treated?
No, it won't go away on its own.
Why are varicose veins dangerous? If left untreated, a severe form of venous insufficiency will develop over time, trophic ulcers may appear, infection may occur, and even disability. The most serious complication is venous thrombophlebitis and blood clot rupture. If carried away by the bloodstream, such blood clots can block the pulmonary artery and lead to death.
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— You can find a lot of advice on the Internet on how to get rid of varicose veins without seeking the help of a doctor. Suggestions include apple cider vinegar, potato juice, horse chestnut, and more. Are varicose veins really afraid of traditional methods of treatment?
It's a delusion. There are simply no traditional methods for treating this disease.
— What restrictions does the diagnosis impose on the patient’s lifestyle? What can and cannot be done for varicose veins?
It is necessary to drink enough liquid, beware of dehydration and overheating. You cannot lift weights or engage in strength sports.
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If the patient wears medical compression stockings (therapeutic stockings), then the range of possibilities expands somewhat. However, you need to understand that they do not cure the disease, but simply improve the patient’s condition.
If the patient has been operated on, there are no further restrictions.
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— Alexander Valentinovich, is special gymnastics indicated for such patients?
No. For varicose veins of the lower extremities, physical therapy (PT) has no effect. Some exercises that strain the calf muscles can only improve blood flow through the deep veins for a short time, but do not help eliminate the disease in any way.
— What is the prevention of varicose veins in the legs? How can contemporaries protect themselves from this disease?
There is no such thing as prevention. It is advisable to limit or eliminate risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing this pathology.
— What does the prognosis for varicose veins depend on?
Among other things, from timely contacting a doctor and following his recommendations, eliminating risk factors.
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Mamonov Alexander Valentinovich
Graduate of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Tartu in 1992.
In 1993 he completed his internship in general surgery.
In 1994, he underwent primary retraining in vascular surgery.
Repeatedly underwent advanced training in vascular surgery. Doctor of the highest category.
Currently working as a vascular surgeon at Clinic Expert Voronezh LLC. In Voronezh he receives at the address: Voronezh, st. Pushkinskaya, house No. 11.
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