To help the victim correctly, you need to know how to distinguish a fracture from a bruise. Having such knowledge can not only avoid the negative consequences of injury, but also help the patient recover faster. In order to distinguish between these two types of injuries, first of all, you need to understand their symptoms, and only then draw conclusions whether you are dealing with a bone deformation or a bruise. It is not worthwhile to carry out independent diagnosis and treatment; it is best to consult a doctor, since only a specialist can make the correct diagnosis and speed up the recovery process by prescribing the appropriate therapeutic technique.
Many people believe that it is unrealistic to get injured at home. But this is far from true. After all, it is in everyday life that people most often receive various injuries to the lower extremities.
Whatever the injury, regardless of whether it is a bruise or a bone deformity, you must always understand their differences in order to help yourself or the injured person when necessary.
Contusion of the lower limb
What is a bruise? When a bruise occurs, soft tissue is injured, but the functionality of the limbs remains intact. It is quite easy to get such an injury; children especially often suffer from bruises. Bruises and abrasions are their constant companions. The main signs of a bruise are:
But it is worth considering that bruises can have more serious consequences.
Most often, a bruise appears at the injured area. If you apply cold to it, the spread of swelling can be stopped. It is also necessary to monitor the well-being of the victim. If it is painful to bend the limb, then perhaps a crack has broken behind the bruise, in which case an urgent consultation with a traumatologist is necessary.
When a bruise occurs, it is often not the entire limb that is damaged, but a specific area of it. If, in addition to swelling, abrasions and bruising, it is possible to consider bone deformation and the leg cannot be bent, then most likely the problem is much more serious than soft tissue damage and the patient needs hospitalization. To determine whether it is a dislocation, a sprain, a defect in a bone joint or a bruise, a doctor’s examination and an x-ray of the injured limb are necessary. In case of a bruise, it is enough to apply a cold compress to the site of injury and subsequently treat it with anti-edematous and anti-inflammatory ointment until complete recovery.
To determine that you have a bruise or fracture, you need to examine the site of the injury, and if, in addition to abrasions and bruises, there is pain when bending or visible deformation of bone joints, then the victim must be taken to a traumatology department.
A fracture is a complete or partial injury to a bone joint. Fractures can be either closed or open. In the case of a closed fracture, only the bone is damaged, the soft tissue remains intact. With an open fracture, the bone and soft tissue are damaged, and a wound surface appears with bone fragments protruding from it.
Closed-type bone deformities are very often confused with bruises and therefore they are in no hurry to consult a traumatologist. But you still need to know that bone deformation has the following symptoms, which have many differences from a bruised injury. Symptoms of a fracture include:
It is possible to understand what actually happened to the bone only after an x-ray.
Trauma to the lower extremities is a fairly serious illness that can deprive the leg of its functionality for several weeks or months. Treatment for the fracture will be prescribed depending on the severity of the damage.
Despite the fact that these two injuries have similar symptoms, their differences are still obvious. And to make sure exactly what you are facing, it is best to consult a doctor.
Bruises are closed serious injuries to organs or tissues without major disruptions to their structure. But in most cases, bruises occur after being hit by a heavy blunt object during a fall. The most frequently damaged superficial tissues are subcutaneous tissue, skin, periosteum and muscles. But soft tissues are especially affected by a strong impact, which are pressed against the bones at the time of injury. Due to a bruise of the lower leg, directly in the area of the anterior internal surface of the joint, where the subcutaneous tissue or skin is adjacent to the bone, necrosis of the skin, as well as its subsequent rejection, can occur. During blows to unprotected soft tissues, rather painful bruises of the periosteum are formed, but then it is detached, and bone damage is also possible, these are fractures and cracks.
Always when providing first aid to a patient with a bruise, the doctor determines the slightest suspicion of the most severe injuries; this could be a dislocation, fracture or damage to internal organs. If the integrity of the skin is damaged, a sterile bandage is applied to the affected area. If skin detachment occurs, there are multiple bruises, internal organs, joint bruises or bruises of internal organs, then transport immobilization is carried out, and then the patient is taken to the nearest medical facility. When the victim experiences disturbances in cardiac activity and breathing, the doctor immediately performs cardiac massage and even artificial respiration right on the spot. At the same time, an ambulance is called for the victim. To reduce pain from minor bruises of soft tissues, local use of cold is necessary, that is, a cold stream of water is directed to the damaged area of the body or an ice pack is applied, and cold lotions can also be made.
Tears or serious sprains of ligaments, muscles, or tendons are common injuries to the musculoskeletal system. A characteristic sign of sprain or rupture of ligaments is a violation of the motor function of the joints, which are strengthened by the corresponding ligaments, if the ligament or its tendon is damaged. When a ligament is damaged, those blood vessels located next to it suffer. As a result, hemorrhage occurs in the surrounding tissues. Always first aid for a ruptured or sprained ligament is to provide complete rest to the damaged joint, apply a very tight bandage, and to reduce pain, apply a cold compress to the affected area for 12-24 hours, after which you need to apply something warm and use warming compresses.
Dislocation is a permanent displacement of the articular edges of bones, which causes disruption of the joint. Typically, a dislocation becomes a serious injury, which in some cases threatens a person’s life. For example, when the spine is dislocated in the cervical region, due to compression of the spinal cord, paralysis of the legs, arm muscles, and torso may occur, and cardiac and respiratory disorders may occur. The main signs of traumatic dislocations are a change in the shape of the joint, sharp pain, as well as the inability to move or restriction in movement. First aid includes ensuring complete rest for the victim; you should not adjust the dislocation yourself, as this can cause additional injuries. In addition, you should apply cold to the sore spot, this is cold water or ice. If the dislocation is open, then a sterile bandage is applied to the wound. It is strictly forbidden to use warming compresses. Only a doctor should correct a dislocation and as soon as possible.
Fractures are serious bone injuries that are characterized by a violation of the integrity of the bones. When fractures occur, the integrity of the soft surrounding tissues is simultaneously compromised, as nearby vessels, muscles, and nerves can be injured. If the patient has a fracture and damage to the skin, and there is also a wound, then this is an open fracture. If the skin is not damaged, then the fracture is closed.
When providing first aid for a fracture, it is strictly forbidden to independently set bone fragments or correct changes in the shape of a limb. If there is a closed or open fracture, you cannot try to set the bones yourself. The victim must be brought to a medical facility as soon as possible. You need to ensure good transport immobilization in advance, but in case of an open fracture you will need to apply a sterile bandage to the wound. In case of severe bleeding, it is necessary to use all measures to stop the bleeding, for example, a tourniquet can be used to stop the bleeding. If this is a cold season, then the victim should be insulated in such a way that the injured limb is wrapped in warm clothes thrown on top. If necessary, the victim must be undressed, but in this case the injured limb must not be touched. And to do this, first remove clothes from the side that is healthy, and only then from the damaged side. It is advisable to carry a victim with a fracture on a stretcher and over short distances, so as not to aggravate his health condition.
Bruises are closed-type soft tissue damage. This is a common injury that occurs after a blow in almost every person.
The causes of any bruise, be it a bruised big toe, bruised knee, bruised ribs or shoulder, are traumas. The affected part of the body almost always becomes very swollen. Symptoms of bruises include pain, bruising, bumps and bleeding. In case of a bruise, the integrity of the tissue is not compromised, but hematomas occur due to rupture of capillaries. In rare cases, the consequence of a bruise is a bone fracture.
Tissue damage is divided into types depending on their location:
Contusions to the kidney, brain, and lung are more serious injuries than superficial contusions. And if the treatment of some external bruises can sometimes be carried out at home, then such injuries as a bruise of the lung or kidney, as well as other internal organs, require professional intervention.
The classification also involves division into types, depending on the degree of severity; in total there are 4 degrees:
It is easy to distinguish a first-degree bruise from a fracture, since during a fracture the pain is sharp, cutting, and the damaged part of the body does not move. Typically, after an injury, a hematoma occurs, which can be of different sizes, depending on the fragility of the capillaries. Sometimes, for example, with a brain contusion or chest contusion, there may be no hematoma, but this is a sign of the absence of internal bleeding. After a slight bruise of the elbow or other joint, the pain syndrome is short-lived, but more serious injuries entail severe pain.
At first, a bruised toe, little toe or any other finger is accompanied by acute pain, but after that it becomes aching. In mild cases, the pain goes away on its own.
If acute pain after an injury does not go away and the injury was received in the area of any important internal organ, you should consult a doctor. This is usually evidence of damage to internal ligaments and organs, and can occur after a kidney injury or brain injury.
Symptoms also depend on the location of the injury. With a bruise of the knee joint, as well as with a bruise of the elbow joint, swelling of the joint itself is observed. When the brain is contused, a severe headache occurs; when a finger or arm is bruised, the site of the impact may swell and a bruise may appear.
A traumatologist diagnoses bruised ribs, bruised arms or bruised tailbones externally, but after examination he must check the integrity of the internal organs and the absence of fractures. This is especially important in case of brain contusion.
Often, a victim may mistake a fracture for a bruise, this especially often happens when the ribs or shoulder are bruised. In this case, the patient does not treat the fracture, which can lead to complications.
Only a doctor should treat blows and injuries, with the exception of rare, mild forms. Even with such simple injuries as a bruised chest, bruised tailbone and bruised knee, hand or shoulder, neglect of the problem can lead to serious consequences. A fracture is often confused with a regular bruised toe, which can result in complications for the victim.
Treatment begins with an examination. If an elbow, hand or little finger is bruised, as well as other limbs, the absence of a fracture is checked, that is, the function of the limb.
After the signs of injury have been eliminated and the bruise has resolved, the consequences need to be treated with special ointments, compresses and gymnastics. A bruised heel, a bruised nose, and even a bruised tailbone or hand will not lead to serious consequences, however, they must be treated as carefully as eye and brain injuries.
If you experience a bruised knee or bruised elbow or ankle joint, apply a cold compress to relieve pain and tissue swelling. Ice can also be applied to a bruised heel and a bruised tailbone, but the use of ice is prohibited for a bruised chest, and this method is also not recommended for a bruised brain or eye.
You should not take painkillers unless you have a bruised tailbone or heel. Only after you are convinced of the integrity of the internal organs can you take aspirin.
In case of bruises of the limbs and joints, in particular, with a bruise of the knee, heel, little finger or hand, as well as with a bruise of the elbow and bruise of the arm or shoulder, a pressure bandage can be applied to the damaged area. In case of serious bruises, it is necessary to check that there is no fracture, so a transport splint is usually applied.
In case of serious injuries, it is necessary to provide the victim with peace, immobilize him, and it is better to close his eyes. Next, you should send the person to the emergency room.
A brain contusion is a consequence of a traumatic brain injury that damages brain tissue. If a bruised toe or hand causes only external consequences, then everything is much more serious.
Brain contusion is a serious problem that requires special treatment and monitoring. Unlike, for example, a bruised finger, such an injury can lead to serious consequences.
Such injuries can occur from a fall and should not be treated at home. As a rule, the focus of inflammation after a brain injury is in the frontal or temporal part.
The consequences of such an injury are quite serious; after a bruise, a cerebral hemorrhage or concussion may occur, requiring a special approach.
Classification of bruises All injuries, whether they are brain contusions, elbow contusions or ankle contusions, are classified depending on the severity. In accordance with this classification, they can be divided into:
In everyday life, a person very often receives bruises of various parts of the body, especially the lower and upper extremities. This is due to the fact that our hands and feet are involved in almost all vital processes and performing various functions. One of the most common injuries is considered to be a leg bruise, which involves closed damage to soft tissues without significantly compromising their integrity.
It is on the legs that one of the most important functions is assigned - musculoskeletal, and they receive significant loads every day in the form of our body weight. No one is immune from this injury, and you can get it in the most unexpected place at any time. Often this injury refers to damage to certain parts of the leg: foot, ankle, hip or knee.
The causes of bruises of the lower extremities can be a simple fall, especially when it comes to children or people involved in sports at a professional level. Also common causes of a bruised leg are collisions with any hard objects or road accidents.
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Patients who have suffered a severe leg bruise most often indicate the following symptoms:
If we take into account the described signs, we can draw a conclusion about the injury received. Symptoms may vary in severity and severity. First of all, this is due to the severity of the injury, however, the individual characteristics of the injured person’s body also play an important role.
First aid for a bruised leg involves simple measures that almost anyone can do. The algorithm for dealing with bruises is as follows:
If the primary symptoms after self-provided assistance do not decrease or, on the contrary, more intense clinical manifestations become noticeable, the victim must be taken to the emergency room . An accurate diagnosis is necessary to rule out serious injuries, such as a broken leg.
In such a situation, the first unqualified assistance provided independently will not give any positive results, and can also aggravate the patient’s situation, complicate further treatment and cause disastrous consequences for the patient.
In this situation, it is also very important to find out whether the joints have been damaged and to establish the integrity of the ligaments. In such cases, treatment will be much longer and more serious.
An experienced surgeon or traumatologist will be able to establish a diagnosis based on the patient’s external manifestations and complaints. Also, by the type of edema and hematoma, one can ascertain how long ago the injury was received. A large and blurry surface of the swelling will indicate that the injury occurred several days ago. As for the hematoma, the bruise you just received will have a blue-red tint. Blue-yellow bruises will indicate how long ago the injury was received - approximately 3-4 days, and yellow ones - 5-6 days.
If confirmation of the diagnosis is required, the specialist will refer the patient for x-rays, computer diagnostics or MRI. This way you can avoid various serious consequences associated with broken bones and torn ligaments.
On the first day after the injury, it is recommended to apply cold to the injured area of the leg. Further, the cold will no longer be needed. The tactics of further treatment will change to impact at a pace. These can be dry or wet warm compresses, warm baths, lotions. These procedures will best promote the resorption of edema and hematoma and help prevent unwanted consequences.
Pain-relieving patches have proven themselves to be quite effective in treating bruises.
If you have a bruised leg, it is not recommended to rub the sore spot. Such manipulations can provoke thrombophlebitis , a rather serious disease associated with blockage of veins by blood clots.
Moderate to severe leg bruises are recommended to be treated with physiotherapy sessions. The doctor may prescribe electrophoresis using various medicinal solutions, UHF and others. These procedures will promote the resorption of hematoma and edema without the formation of compactions, ossifications and salt deposits in their place.
Anti-inflammatory ointments and gels have proven themselves to be excellent after the acute period has ended. Today, pharmacies offer medications such as diclac, ibuprofen ointment or voltaren. In addition, lyoton-gel, troxevasin or heparin gel perfectly reduce swelling and thin the blood at the site of hematoma formation. It is recommended to rub these products with light movements into the injured area 2-3 times a day.
Vodka and semi-alcohol compresses are considered an excellent and proven folk remedy for bruises. They moisten a piece of gauze and apply it to the site of the bruise 2 times a day, covering it with polyethylene and a towel.
Surgical intervention in some cases is also justified. Its necessity arises with such damage:
When ligaments are torn, surgery is used to stitch them together. A similar process is performed when nerve endings are damaged. As for intra-articular hemorrhage, using a gentle surgical method - arthroscopy - blood clots are removed from the joint cavity. In this case, various medications can be injected into the joint.
Festering bruises are also opened in a hospital setting, since the pathological bacteria multiplying in this case can cause bacterial and inflammatory infections.
It is strictly forbidden to put any weight on the injured leg. This can only be done extremely carefully and gradually after at least 3 days. It would be ideal to follow a gentle regimen for about a week.
In injuries associated with a knee contusion, damage to the ligaments of the joint or tears of the meniscus may occur. Among other things, intra-articular hemorrhage is possible. Subsequently, all this can affect the development of deforming joint pathologies.
However, in almost all cases, if more serious injuries are ruled out in a timely manner and medical therapy is started, one can count on a favorable prognosis.
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Kidney injuries are not uncommon in children and adults. This leads to poor health and, in severe cases, death. A kidney injury leads to modification of the organ tissue and loss of its functions. This immediately affects the general condition of the body. The renal anatomy is such that they are partially protected from bruises. Closed injuries are no less dangerous than open ones: they provoke internal bleeding, the symptoms of which cannot be immediately recognized. Damage to the right side often occurs; here the organ is located lower than on the left, so it is more susceptible to injury upon impact. For all types of damage, competent first aid and subsequent treatment are necessary.
Such organ damage is rare at the everyday level. The cause of kidney damage is a gunshot or knife wound, or a puncture wound. This could be a blow from a sharp object, such as an awl. The consequences of such wounds are severe - blood and urine entering the abdominal cavity from the wound can cause peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum). The injury can occur tangentially, when the superficial (cortical) layer of the organ suffers, where tears form. The result of a through wound is rupture of the kidney, while a blind wound results in damage to the renal pelvis. Open kidney injuries are accompanied by injuries to other internal organs.
Symptoms include a wound in the lumbar region, a kidney hematoma, and urine leaking from the wound. The last sign may appear later. Open kidney damage is accompanied by severe pain, putting the victim into a state of shock. Diagnosis of a renal wound is simple; a superficial examination of the wound is sufficient. Considering that in this case urgent surgical care is necessary, additional manipulations to make a diagnosis or delay time should in no case be done. There are often indications for the damaged organ to be removed.
This kidney damage occurs without compromising the integrity of the skin. This is a kidney bruise, which happens when you fall from a height or if your kidneys are hit. However, a very small impact on an organ is enough to cause injury and internal bleeding. A banal jump from a height to your feet, a body concussion are the causes of kidney injury. With renal pathologies, it is even easier to get kidney injuries from a bruise. The force of external influence on the organ is “extinguished” or intensified for the following reasons: the direction of the blow (how and where it was hit, next to or directly on the kidneys), the anatomical feature of the location of the organ (for the right side the risk is greater), muscle development, the presence of subcutaneous fat. Closed kidney injuries have different symptoms. The lesion ranges from minor bleeding to the point where the kidney ruptures.
Mild kidney injury is characterized by damage to the fatty tissue and rupture of the fibrous capsule (the thin film that covers the kidney). Minor renal tears may appear. Kidney bruise is more complex, belonging to group 2, determined by damage to the parenchyma, but the renal pelvis and calyx are not affected. Closed kidney injury of group 3 is characterized by damage to the pelvis or calyx. The concept of simple kidney bruise stands out separately. Renal rupture or avulsion are severe closed injuries. They are accompanied by severe renal bleeding; it often makes no sense to treat such injuries; they end in the death of the victim. A specific type of injury includes kidney damage due to medical procedures.
The causes of kidney damage are quite commonplace. Injuries to the kidney and, as a consequence, damage to the organ are easy to get in everyday life if you fall on your back unsuccessfully, when you are sure to hit the organ, in a fight, if you hit it in the stomach or kidneys, as well as when playing certain sports, if the enemy hits you on the back or lower back. Many women twist a hoop around their waist to lose weight. Physical training with a hoop should not be done if there is a pathological process; the possibility of injuries that will have to be treated increases.
The main signs of organ injuries are characterized by swelling of the lower back, which is very painful, and hematuria (when blood appears in the urine). Pain accompanies all injuries and can be cramping, aching, or sharp. Blood appears in the urine even in the case of a minor injury; there may be no bleeding after a minor injury to the kidney. Swelling of the lower back is caused by bloody urine, which accumulates in the tissues. Such urohematomas resolve very slowly. The more serious the kidney injury, the more your health worsens. Injuries to the kidney, the consequences of which are ruptures of the organ, are accompanied by severe sharp pain, chills, and high fever. The injury is also expressed in a sharp drop in pressure, rapidly progressing anemia due to bleeding.
Such damage to an organ does not depend on how hard it was hit by the patient or the patient, a side effect of any disease. Acute damage is characterized by a sharp and persistent deterioration in organ function. At the same time, tests show increased levels of creatinine and uric acid. The temperature may rise. The main symptom of such a lesion is urinary retention. This condition can cause problems with the heart, lungs, or other organs. An emergency ambulance is required here; this condition is life-threatening. It can be caused by diabetes, infections, toxic medications, or chronic kidney disease. At risk are people over 70 years of age, as well as those who have had one kidney removed.
A quick and accurate diagnosis is a prerequisite for starting fast and effective treatment. All types of bruises, wounds, as well as bleeding that occurs as a result of a bruise or blow, must be treated in a hospital, under the 24-hour supervision of doctors. And especially if the injury occurred in a child. Modern methods will provide invaluable assistance.
Diagnosis of the type of organ damage involves preliminary collection of information about previous diseases and injuries that could affect the patient’s current condition (history). This allows you to remove some questions or raise additional ones. A urine test is prescribed, which allows us to draw conclusions about the extent of the damage. An x-ray (excretory urography) is also prescribed. Thanks to this, the degree of damage or bruise on the right, left or both kidneys is determined. Ultrasound also allows you to see the results of a bruise or blow. Ultrasound is a frequently prescribed procedure that allows for a quick diagnosis. Ultrasound has no contraindications. CT and MRI are also often ordered. Nephroscintigraphy is a radioisotope study that allows you to take a graphic image of an organ. Angiography is a type of x-ray examination where you can see the pathologies of the blood vessels of internal organs.
If you are injured, even if the condition is satisfactory, go to the clinic. Especially when it comes to a child, who may have more severe symptoms. His temperature rises more often. Usually, hospitalization is not required for a bruise; conservative treatment without surgical intervention is prescribed. It happens that diseased organs recover on their own, under the periodic supervision of doctors. The first week after an organ injury or other minor injury is spent in bed, antibiotics are prescribed to prevent infection, and medications to relieve pain. If treatment is carried out at home, you must strictly follow the doctor’s recommendations and instructions and follow a diet.
If surgery is necessary, doctors take measures to preserve the damaged organ. Surgeries are prescribed for combined injuries. For injuries that occur after medical procedures, an antibiotic is administered locally through a catheter. The victim is prescribed bed rest, an antibiotic and a hemostatic agent. If the patient's condition does not improve and the symptoms increase, surgery is performed. Treating open wounds conservatively is acceptable for minor tissue damage.
Surgery is indicated in the case of an expanding hematoma, if there are uneven test results or “blurred” symptoms. Only surgery can treat severe injuries: rupture after a blow or injury, separation of an organ. Also if conservative treatment does not produce a positive result. In any case, there is a chance to save the organ. Nephrectomy (kidney removal) is performed if it is determined that it is impossible to save the organ. The indications are the same for adults and children. With open penetrating wounds, operations occur without prior examination and preparation. The goal of surgeons is to save and restore the organ. If this is not possible, doctors check the condition of the unaffected organ and make an objective decision.
In 80% of cases, it is possible to preserve the organ and its functionality even with severe injuries. Almost everyone who suffers minor injuries recovers. Even if you suspect a blow or damage, you need to call an ambulance. Qualified first aid will help delay the onset of complications.
After an injury, there is a high risk of complications. Especially if the injured organ had a pathology or was sick before the injury. After a few years, pyelonephritis develops, turning into chronic, organ tuberculosis or urolithiasis. Perinephric suppuration, sepsis, and non-healing wounds in the structure of the organ itself may occur.
When the lower leg is bruised, it may swell; every victim needs to know what to do, since the edema compresses the blood vessels and nerve endings. This causes numbness in the limb, in particular the foot, and impaired blood circulation in it. You can combat swelling due to various injuries, including a bruised leg, at home using pharmaceutical preparations and folk remedies. However, after a blow, it is better to see a doctor and undergo an examination, since swelling also occurs with more serious injuries, for example, with fractures of the boot.
It is especially important to know how to remove a tumor for those people who have children, since children are very mobile and often encounter various injuries to the lower extremities. In addition, in childhood, the area of edema on the leg after a bruise can be larger, covering almost the entire small limb.
If the leg is swollen after a bruise, this is not the only sign of injury. Blood from damaged vessels spills into soft tissues and under the skin, resulting in a hematoma. As a rule, a bruise after a blow is localized in the area where the force was applied, but it happens that the heel and even the entire foot turn blue.
The hematoma can be bright red, or maybe dark purple. The intensity of the color and the size of the bruise depend on the degree and number of damaged vessels. Immediately after the injury, severe pain occurs, which prevents the victim from standing on his leg. An inflammatory process occurs around the damaged area, which causes local hyperemia - redness of the skin and its heating.
First aid for a shin injury is initially aimed at relieving pain and preventing or removing swelling after a bruise. The best way is to apply a cold compress to the calf. Cold has an effect on nerve endings and blood vessels, therefore it fights not only pain and swelling, but also prevents the occurrence of a large hematoma. Before carrying out all actions, shoes are removed from the injured limb.
If your leg is swollen, you should wrap ice or some frozen product in a cloth and apply it to your shin. It would be useful to make a tight bandage by wrapping the limb from the heel to the knee area with an elastic bandage. When applying a pressure bandage, you need to make sure that your toes do not turn blue or become cold, as this may indicate poor circulation.
The bandage is applied from bottom to top, each subsequent turn should be wound around the previous one by four centimeters. If your fingers become cold to the touch, you should make the bandage a little looser. Due to pressure, the flow of lymph to damaged tissues is reduced, which causes tumors.
If a hematoma occurs, as well as swelling of the leg after a bruise, you can use a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in the form of an ointment or cream for the bruise. When wondering how to treat a shin bruise, it is better to consult a doctor who knows exactly what medications relieve swelling and will prescribe them. If it is not possible to get to a doctor, treatment of a leg bruise can be carried out using the following pharmaceuticals:
If the lower leg is injured, then the above pharmaceutical products can be safely used at home, but before the first use you should make sure that there is no allergic reaction to the drug. To do this, you can conduct a test - apply a small amount of ointment to the inside of the elbow and wait a day. At this time, you should combat swelling by applying a cold compress. If there are no reactions after a day, you can use the ointment. If rashes or itching appear, you should choose another drug.
Before you think about how to treat a bruise using traditional medicine recipes, you need to know some of the features of using compresses:
It is worth noting that treating a shin bruise with traditional medicine in children should only be done after examination and consultation with a traumatologist. The following recipes from traditional medicine will help quickly relieve swelling of the lower leg, reduce pain, remove bruises and restore injured tissue:
In addition to the methods described above using pharmaceutical drugs and folk recipes, physiotherapeutic procedures such as electrophoresis, paraffin baths, laser stimulation, etc. help cope with swelling. Massage of the injured area, as well as hydrotherapy and mud therapy, have a good effect in treatment. Before deciding how to relieve swelling, it is advisable to be examined and consult with a doctor, and then the treatment will only be beneficial.
What is a leg bruise? The medical reference book states that such an injury is a closed injury to tissues and organs, the integrity of which is not significantly compromised. Swelling usually appears at the site of injury. Unlike a regular bruise or abrasion, this injury is much more serious. If there is a suspicion that the identified symptoms indicate a bruise, first medical aid is necessary.
Closed tissue damage can occur as a result of a fall or impact not only on soft tissues. In children, such injuries most often occur on the leg, for example in the heel area. When the knee joint is damaged, characteristic symptoms appear after several hours: the first reaction is pain. Then the injured area increases in volume, swelling appears, and joint function is impaired. A person involuntarily feels the need to keep his leg slightly bent. If you sharply extend the knee, the pain intensifies.
A knee bruise differs from a dislocation in that it is capable of movement, although it will be very painful for both an adult and a child.
It is characterized by the fact that after damage as a result of a fall or blow, swelling forms due to injured vessels. Blood gradually permeates the soft tissues, forming a hematoma or entering the adjacent cavities of the knee joint.
Depending on how long ago the incident occurred, swelling looks different. If at first the edema is a slight swelling, then after a few days its size increases significantly.
With a strong blow to the leg, as a rule, a purple-bluish bruise appears in the same place where the swelling has formed. After three to four days it acquires a blue-yellow tint and after five to six days it becomes more yellow. If you apply lotions with folk remedies or medications, the bruise on your leg will disappear much earlier. But swelling should be treated according to the doctor's instructions. Only he can competently advise what should be done.
If the injury is in the knee area or below the knee joint, swelling is not the only complication characteristic of such injuries. Due to the fact that the skin and subcutaneous tissue are adjacent to bone tissue, skin necrosis may occur, followed by rejection. A severe bruise of the leg and the accompanying swelling is fraught for an adult and a child not only with pain in the periosteum, but also with its detachment, as well as bone damage.
If a child hits his leg
Our children are little extreme sports enthusiasts. They need an eye and an eye. They jump all the time, conquer the tops of trees, run and, of course, fall. Children's fun often ends in injury. The most common of them is a bruised leg. There is probably no child who has not encountered this at least once.
A large, painful lump, hematoma, or swelling has formed in or below the knee joint or any other part of the leg.
Pain is the main symptom of a bruise. If the child has a very strong pain, this may mean that there is a broken leg or knee injury. The main thing to do is consult a doctor. Only first aid, and not “grandmother’s proven remedies,” will prevent complications. After specialists provide assistance, the child’s condition will immediately improve.
Due to severe pain in the knee area and below the knee, the child went into shock. In this case you cannot perform independent manipulations ; it is better to call an ambulance so that a paramedic can provide him with the necessary assistance.
If, after first aid has been provided, swelling or bruising occurs not in the area of the injured knee, but below or elsewhere in the leg, you should not ignore these symptoms. You need to consult a doctor for additional research, for example, x-ray.
Perhaps the child is experiencing pain not only after a blow to the knee, it could be a bone injury or fracture, and more serious treatment will be required to eliminate such consequences.
Attention : The above symptoms will help identify a bruise not only in a child, but also in an adult.
A bruise is not just a suspicious lump. In case of a strong blow, the main thing to do is to find out whether the joints, internal organs and bones were damaged? In such cases, the help of a traumatologist is needed, but is there really nothing that can be done to help the child before visiting a doctor? Of course, it is possible, but to do this you should know what kind of first aid is provided for such cases.
Before you begin to help, you need to create a calm environment for the patient . A pressure bandage should be applied to the injury site. If scratches and abrasions remain after a fall or blow, you will have to disinfect the wounds. When bruised, the leg should be in a slightly elevated position.
For several days the patient should do only gentle loads on the leg; only after the pain has decreased can the loads be increased. In no case should you take hot or steam baths; first aid aimed at treating bruises is carried out exclusively with cold, for example, ice compresses. As in the case of a bruised finger.
After 24 hours from the moment of injury, treatment by cooling the sore spot is not required. Now the bruise should be treated using another tactic - warming. In this case, treatment is carried out using warm baths, compresses and lotions. Such treatment will help resolve the hematoma and reduce swelling.
Pain-relieving patches and medications can effectively treat pain. If, despite constant treatment, swelling or bruising does not disappear for a long time, you should consult a doctor.
Do not treat the damaged area by rubbing. Such treatment can lead to a serious illness - thrombophlebitis. In this disease, a blockage with a blood clot forms in a vein. If the injury is severe or moderately severe, treatment with physical therapy is recommended. This includes the use of a UHF apparatus, magnets, and electrophoresis with a medicinal solution.
If a bruise forms as a result of a bruise, bacteria can actively multiply in it, thereby causing inflammation or a bacterial infection. In this case, treatment is carried out in a hospital setting, where the surgeon can open the festering place on the leg.