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A broken toe is a common occurrence. The phalanges of the limbs are vulnerable to many external influences, and are also subject to constant pressure from the weight of a person. From the materials in this article you will learn what symptoms accompany this pathology and how long it takes to treat it.
Toes are an integral part of the locomotor system in the human body. Together with the foot, they support the weight of the body, make it possible to move, while helping to maintain balance.
Each toe consists of several small bones, otherwise called phalanges. They are connected to each other by movable joints, which makes it possible to bend and straighten the fingers.
Limbs are a vulnerable part of the human body, which is most often subject to fractures. In most cases, the thumb is affected. It differs from the others in that it has only two phalanges instead of the required three. When walking, the big toe experiences the main load. The likelihood of getting a fracture increases several times. When injured, blueness and swelling usually spread to the entire foot.
When a finger is fractured, the integrity of the bone tissue is disrupted. It can be complete or partial, as well as pathological and traumatic. Pathological ones occur against the background of bone destruction by any disease. These include the following: tumor, tuberculosis, osteoporosis, osteomyelitis. All these ailments reduce the strength of the bone and make it fragile. The most common fractures are those caused by trauma.
A big toe fracture has some special features. The pathology is accompanied by a characteristic clinical picture. At the same time, this finger is the largest, so it bears the maximum load when moving. Next, we will look at the main symptoms of this pathology and methods of its treatment.
Manifestations of a big toe fracture can be relative and absolute. In the first case, one can only assume the presence of injury. With absolute symptoms there is no doubt.
Relative signs of injury include:
The intensity of the manifestation of relative symptoms directly depends on the location of the fracture. The clinical picture is especially pronounced when the main phalanx, which communicates directly with the bones of the foot, is injured.
The leg quickly swells and becomes bluish. The painful discomfort that accompanies this pathology usually does not allow the victim to fully lean on the limb. Often an open fracture of the big toe is complicated due to damage to the skin and infection. In this case, the person exhibits obvious signs of intoxication of the body.
With a severe bruise, the clinical picture may be the same as for a fracture. One pathology can be distinguished from another by absolute characteristics:
These signs indicate a fracture of the big toe. Symptoms of injury should alert you and be a reason to go to the hospital.
To determine the most effective treatment regimen, it is important to determine the type of injury. If the skin is damaged, when the wound and the bone itself are visible, we are talking about an open fracture. In this case, the risk of infection of the affected area increases, so medical attention is required immediately. After applying an aseptic bandage, the victim must be immediately taken to a traumatologist.
A closed fracture of the big toe is characterized by the absence of visible damage. There are no particular difficulties during treatment.
Displacement usually occurs when a force is applied to the bone that causes the injury. Patients often experience pinched nerves, blood vessels or muscles. To restore the full anatomical shape of the finger, it is necessary to compare the fragments. When the bone is crushed and fragments penetrate into the wound, the fracture is called comminuted.
If a toe is injured, assistance should be provided to the victim in the first minutes, even before the doctors arrive. Further bone fusion directly depends on this. The patient must be provided with complete rest, try not to disturb the damaged area and avoid stress. Ice or a cold compress should be applied to the fracture site. To ease pain and reduce swelling, you can slightly elevate your leg.
An open fracture of the big toe requires only disinfection of the wound and application of a bandage. You can also give the victim a painkiller (Ibufen, Aspirin, Ketanov). These drugs are in every home medicine cabinet.
Often injuries and mechanical damage to the extremities are asymptomatic, for example, when they talk about a fracture without displacement. In such cases, a person usually ignores the pain and does not pay enough attention to it due to the fact that he is unaware of the damage.
Sometimes victims are simply too lazy to seek qualified help and undergo appropriate examination. The consequences of such neglect of one's own health can be serious complications (bone deformation, osteomyelitis, malunion).
In addition to the trauma symptoms mentioned in this article, great importance in diagnosis is given to radiography of the foot in two projections. Using this study, you can recognize a fracture of the big toe with 99% accuracy. Radiography allows you to determine the exact location of the damage, which ultimately affects the quality of therapy.
More complex methods of visualizing trauma (computed tomography) are practically not used, since they are not necessary, and the cost of such studies is quite high.
The doctor chooses a specific treatment option based on the nature of the injury. With an open fracture, there is a risk of wound infection. The pathology is often accompanied by suppuration and tetanus. Such patients are given antibiotic injections and anti-tetanus serum.
The closed version of the injury requires repositioning of the bone, that is, returning the fragments to their anatomical place. A fracture with a displaced big toe requires the placement of the fragment in place and its correct fixation. Otherwise, fusion may not occur correctly.
An intra-articular fracture requires surgery. During the operation, the doctor performs an open reposition of the fragments and performs intra-articular fixation using special wires. Mobility of the affected joint is restored approximately by the eighth week. Throughout the entire period of treatment, it is recommended to support the body with vitamin therapy.
Even in ancient times, people believed that a diseased organ needed complete rest to recover. Bone is no exception. Its main function is to create support for the muscles. In case of fractures, complete immobilization of the bone can be considered a kind of equivalent to rest. Immobilization allows you to speed up and direct the process of regeneration of the damaged area in the right direction.
The patient is given bandages, which are pre-moistened in a plaster solution. When applied to a limb, they take its shape and remain until complete recovery. A plaster cast is usually applied not only to the injured toe, but also to the foot and part of the lower leg. High immobilization is not entirely justified, as it seriously limits the mobility of the leg. On the other hand, in order to provide rest to the toe, it is necessary to immobilize the entire foot, and this is only possible with the help of a plaster cast “boot”.
Sometimes immobilization is not required for patients diagnosed with a big toe fracture. No plaster is used for bone cracks that heal on their own. Also included in the category of exceptions are the first few days after surgical manipulations on a limb with a fractured finger, when the injury is a secondary pathology. In this case, there is a need for regular monitoring of the wound healing process. When signs of successful recovery begin to appear, a cast is immediately applied to the leg.
For six weeks after the injury, it is necessary to protect the injured finger from stress and try not to overexert it. Long walks and sports are contraindicated.
The rehabilitation period includes physiotherapy, special gymnastics and therapeutic massage. It is recommended to diversify your diet with foods rich in protein and calcium.
Some patients complain of discomfort when wearing a cast for a long time. This condition just needs to be endured for the bones to heal properly. If you have broken your big toe, you should not get the cast wet or try to remove it yourself.
To avoid broken toes, doctors advise wearing comfortable shoes with stable soles. You should also exclude from your diet foods that “wash out” calcium from the body. These include sweet carbonated water, coffee and alcoholic drinks. Nutrition should be as balanced as possible. It is recommended to pay special attention to foods containing calcium (beans, cabbage, carrots, rye bread). In case of bone tissue pathologies, it is recommended to undergo regular examination. Such simple preventive measures can prevent fractures, significantly improve the quality of life and remain healthy.
A broken toe is one of the most common injuries. A symptom of a fracture may be swelling and blue discoloration of the finger.
In some patients, the bones of the toes may become flattened as a result of a serious injury.
Based on the presence of displacement of bone fragments, fractures are divided into:
Most often, toe fractures are open . An isolated fracture of the fifth finger in some patients may be an avulsion fracture.
When the tubular bones of the thumb break, under the influence of the constricting force of the ligaments and muscles, the bone fragments overlap each other.
Angular displacement of bone fragments of the toes occurs very rarely and is observed, as a rule, in children.
When a toe is injured, deformation of the cartilage and the formation of several subarticular cracks are very often observed. Some traumatologists classify this type of injury as fractures without displacement of bone fragments. To clarify the diagnosis, it is necessary to measure the length of the healthy and injured finger, as well as examine the x-ray in detail and ask the patient about the mechanism of injury to the leg.
According to the mechanism of injury, fractures are divided:
A non-comminuted fracture of the toes occurs when the bone is severely overloaded (for example, when a person trips over a curb).
Single- or double-comminuted fractures of the second toe can occur when struck by a blunt object with a smooth surface (such as a hammer or baseball bat). Splintered fractures of the phalanges of the toe occur when there is a strong blow to it with a blunt and heavy object with an uneven surface (for example, a stone).
Very often, a fracture of the middle toe can occur without a characteristic clinical picture , especially if the patient has a non-displaced fracture due to injury or a crack has formed in the bone. In such cases, the patient ignores the symptoms of a broken toe and does not seek medical help. He believes that he only has a bruised finger, not a fracture, and the soreness will go away after a while.
The victim must undergo an X-ray of the foot in one or two projections. This method allows the doctor to see the fracture line and the degree of displacement of bone fragments, which further determines treatment tactics.
Many victims of a broken toe do not know what position is best to hold the foot after the injury.
The most optimal position would be one in which the injured finger does not touch surrounding objects . The victim needs to dorsiflex the foot and focus on the heel. In this case, the foot is slightly suspended and the load is removed from the toes.
The patient should be transported in a lying or sitting position, with a raised leg. To do this, you need to place a small cushion under the thigh and shin. The patient's venous outflow of blood from the injured foot improves, as a result of which swelling of the soft tissues decreases and pain decreases. You can read how to relieve swelling after a broken leg here.
Prescribing painkillers to the patient is mandatory for any type of bone fracture, including damage to the toes. Most often, the patient is prescribed non-narcotic analgesics (analgin, paracetamol, pentalgin) and anti-inflammatory drugs (nimesil, ibuprofen).
A toe fracture is immobilized only if there is suspicion of displacement of bone fragments. In other situations, immobilization of the toe is not justified because this manipulation can cause pain in the person.
The damaged toe is carefully fixed to the splint using bandages. The doctor can use a board or plates as a splint, which he pre-wraps with two layers of fabric and is placed to the left and right of the finger.
Applying cold to the foot relieves swelling very well, reduces hematoma and pain. Your doctor may use an ice pack or a bag of crushed ice for this purpose.
The ice pack can be applied for 10-15 minutes and then removed for 2-3 minutes.
Treatment options for a broken toe:
Conservative treatment is used for closed fractures of the toe with displaced fragments. The basic principle of the method of one-stage closed reduction is local anesthesia (with novocaine or lidocaine) of the fracture and subsequent slow extension of the finger. During this manipulation, the victim's bone fragments return to their physiological position.
After the fracture has been reduced, it is necessary to check for movement in the interphalangeal and intermetatarsal joints. If movement in one of these joints is impossible, then the doctor must perform a second reduction. After a control x-ray, the finger is immobilized with a plaster cast.
Simple fractures of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th toes can be easily treated in an outpatient setting without the use of a cast.
This treatment method is used in traumatology in case of unsuccessful attempts at one-stage reposition. With skeletal traction, the victim’s distal bone fragment is held in a retracted position, the pressure on the broken phalanx of the finger is reduced and the fragments do not separate again.
The doctor must first numb the fracture site, and then pass a thick nylon thread or pins through the skin or nail. Both ends of the thread are tied together, thus creating a “ring” drawn through the tissue of the thumb. The upper part of the “ring” is pulled back slightly using a wire hook, and then tightly fixed to the plaster.
The big toe should remain in this position for 2-3 weeks. During this time, the doctor must treat the puncture site daily with iodine or brilliant green. After this, the mechanism is disassembled, the finger is immobilized and 2-3 weeks remain in this position for the fracture to heal.
During the operation, the parts of the bones are connected and the correct shape of the toe is restored.
Surgical treatment is indicated if there is:
Advantages of open reduction:
To fix fragments during osteosynthesis surgery, metal knitting needles, plates, screws, and wire are used. After surgery, the patient is given drainage in the wound and a splint or closed plaster cast is applied for a period of 1-2 months.
Immobilization of the injured toe is often performed with bandages soaked in plaster. When applied to the victim’s foot, the bandage takes its shape and hardens.
In order to keep the broken toe in a permanent fixed position, the patient is given a plaster “boot”.
How long a patient should wear a cast should be determined by a traumatologist. The period usually depends on the complexity of the fracture and the speed of callus formation, but on average it is 1-1.5 months.
After the cast is removed, the patient begins a rehabilitation period, which includes therapeutic exercises, physical therapy and massage. The rehabilitation specialist must teach the patient how to develop a finger after a fracture.
The victim's ability to work is restored on average after 2 months.
For fractures, plaster casts are used, which are applied directly to the skin. They are optimally modeled, fit evenly to the body, guarantee fixation, ensuring immobility. Such dressings can be applied in any situation, harden for a short time, and then are easily removed. The duration of their application depends on the location and type of fracture.
The bones in the lower third of the legs are most susceptible to fractures.
Ankle fractures are a common injury among lower extremity fractures. They break with a sharp and strong turn of the foot, or a blow with a blunt object.
If the ankle is fractured without displacement of the bone fragments relative to each other, a plaster cast is applied in the form of a boot from the toes to the knee joint. The approximate timing of wearing it depends on the type of fracture. In case of a fracture of the lateral malleolus without displacement, the cast is worn for 3.5-4 weeks, with displacement - about 4-5 weeks. If a fracture occurs without displacement of the inner ankle or both ankles - 6-8 weeks, with displacement - up to 8-10 weeks. In case of a fracture without displacement of both ankles or the posterior edge of the tibia - 8-10 weeks, with displacement - 12-15 weeks.
Fractures of the shin bones are also common injuries, their causes are external mechanical influences, sudden blows or falls, uneven distribution of load on the bone.
For a fracture without displacement of the tibia in the middle and lower third, a plaster cast is applied to the knee joint, for fractures in the upper third - to the middle of the thigh for a period of 10-12 weeks.
In case of a fracture without displacement of the fibula in the lower third, plaster is applied to the knee joint; in case of a fracture in the middle and upper third, fixation is carried out with a plaster splint on the lower leg. The duration of immobilization is 4 weeks.
In case of a fracture without displacement of both bones of the leg, a plaster cast is applied to the middle third of the thigh for 10-16 weeks.
In case of displaced fractures of the tibia, depending on the type of displacement, skeletal traction is performed for 4 weeks, and then a plaster is applied for 8-12 weeks, or the bone fragments are fixed with a metal plate and a plaster is applied for 10-12 months.
Fractures of the bones of the foot can cause disruption of its shape and function. Plaster is applied up to the knee joint: for a fracture of the talus without displacement for 6-7 weeks, with displacement for 8-12 weeks; for a fracture of the calcaneus without displacement - for 6-8 weeks, with displacement - for 8-12 weeks; for a fracture without displacement of the scaphoid - for 8 weeks. For comminuted scaphoid fractures, arthrodesis is performed and then a cast is applied for 12 weeks.
In case of a fracture of the metatarsal bones without displacement, plaster is applied for 4-6 weeks, in case of multiple fractures - for 6-8 weeks. In the presence of displaced fractures, manual reduction is performed under anesthesia by traction on the corresponding finger. If the fragments cannot be compared, they resort to open reduction and fixation with knitting needles. After surgery, a cast is applied for 6 weeks.
Fractures of the phalanges of the fingers are caused by compression or falling of heavy objects. Pain and difficulty in walking are caused by fractures of the main phalanges of the fingers.
In the presence of closed fractures without displacement, a posterior plaster splint is applied for 2-4 weeks; in case of displacement, internal reduction is carried out and a plaster is applied for 4-6 weeks.
treatment of joints and spine
?You can buy a thumb orthosis at an orthopedic store 😕
?After removing the cast, many patients feel numbness in their fingers. To eliminate these unpleasant sensations, doctors recommend fruitfully engaging in therapeutic physical exercises and attending physiotherapeutic procedures.?
?If you hurt your finger, go to the emergency room. Do not self-medicate. A late visit to the doctor can lead to the complete loss of function of the finger. This especially negatively affects professional activities in case of injuries to the thumb and index fingers.? ?basic rules for using various tools and basic precautions? ?: the arm is pressed to the body and bent at the elbow, the arm is extended forward, up and to the side. In each position, squeeze the expander 10 times;?
?A tire is used for this. You can successfully use any items that are at hand: ice cream sticks, a ballpoint pen, a tree branch, and to strengthen the splint on the victim’s finger - a bandage or a piece of cloth.? ?uncharacteristic finger mobility?
?The most common injury?
?the patient sits with his palm on the table.?
?Left untreated or treated improperly, a broken finger can cause a lot of inconvenience to its owner.?
?The rehabilitation program is selected strictly individually. Sometimes exercises begin to be developed even during immobilization. Full activity is possible after the cast is removed. However, one should not be overzealous in this either. Excessive enthusiasm for rehabilitation can only do harm.? ?Since the ring finger has less function than, for example, the thumb, the patient should try to perform certain exercises during the rehabilitation period in order to maintain normal functioning of the hand.?
?A fracture of the little finger occurs as a result of an unsuccessful fall. The movements of the affected finger are significantly limited; when trying to change it, the patient complains of severe pain.? ?Try not to drink alcohol while your finger is healing, avoid caffeine, tea and chocolate. And remember: although a person has 20 fingers, each of them is valuable.?
?is the finger wearing a splint?
?fracture closer to the base of the finger;?
?hemorrhage under the skin or into soft tissues;?
?, in the future this will help restore the functions of the finger; the finger is repositioned under local anesthesia. Subsequently, a plaster cast is applied, covering the entire first finger.? ?;? ?fracture near the ulnar side of the finger.? ?In contrast to a closed fracture, an open fracture may be bacterially contaminated. Thus, an open fracture differs from a closed fracture due to bacterial contamination.?
?How much for a fracture of the 3rd toe?? ? :))) I’m not joking - today I slipped in the bathroom, tomorrow I’ll find out whether it’s broken or not :) But laughing through my tears :) It hurts. ?
?Both closed and open fractures occur with displacement of fragments. Displacements are an integral part of fractures, but can be insignificant.?
?the patient rolls out plasticine with a brush?
?Fragments are usually fixed with knitting needles for three weeks. After this period, the needles are removed, but the patient walks with a plaster cast for up to five weeks.?
?Symptoms characteristic of injury:? ?Characteristic signs of a fracture:? ?Displacement happens:?
?Let us characterize each in more detail?
?traumatic and pathological.? ?In general, I think it depends on the nature of the fracture? ?The rest, only the doctor will tell you the timing.? ?When the fragments are displaced, this symptom is accompanied by an unnatural appearance of the finger. Fragments can also damage tissue by tearing it. Possible bleeding.? ?eight of them relate to the wrist;?
?to the shape of a sausage. In this case, the roll over the palmar surface should be uniform, and the fingers should be hyperextended. The palm should have a convex shape;?
?For a fracture of the phalanx of a finger without displacement, treatment consists of? ?edema;? ?sharp or aching pain?
?width;? ?types of fractures:? A traumatic fracture is damage to the bone of a finger due to trauma. A pathological fracture is a fracture of a bone that has been changed by a pathological process (usually due to some disease). Fractures also include types of bone damage in which the integrity of its structure is disrupted.?
?, elbow on the table. Use your thumb to touch all fingers in turn, while trying to make the letter “O”. The exercise is done for 5-10 repetitions.?
?or palmar plaster tape. On average, the patient walks with it for a month. For such injuries, patients wear a cast for four to six weeks.? ?hemorrhage under the skin;?
?separately lying small fragments appear. With such a fracture, surgical intervention is necessary to remove the fragments and further restore the bone structure;?
?broken? ?Sounds of the rain? ?Minimum 10 days... or better yet, you should take a control shot in two weeks... If a callus has formed, the plaster will be removed and recommendations will be given... Listen to the doctor. ?
?With a marginal fracture, deformation of the nail plate is possible. Damage to the tip of the finger is considered one of the mildest forms of fractures.?
?In the thumb there are only two phalanges: proximal and distal.?
?As a preventive measure, it is recommended to avoid potential injuries and perform any technical work associated with the risk of finger injuries using special protective equipment.?
?In the case of a closed tendon injury on the finger,?
?swelling or puffiness?
An open fracture poses a risk of infection of body tissues through the wound surface. Treatment of such fractures must necessarily include antibacterial therapy. To properly restore the bone, surgery is necessary.?
?The distal one is closer to the fingertip, the proximal one, respectively, further from it. In the remaining fingers of the hand, the middle one is added to these two phalanges.?
?Many of you will be surprised, but?
?from the site of injury to the entire injured finger and hand;?
?the fracture line is approximately parallel to the axis of the injured bone;?
?The main mechanism of injury is a blow in a direct direction (for example, with a hammer).?
Nutrition plays a very important role in the healing process of any injured limb.
?The treatment terms, in this case, extend for two to three months.?
?bleeding and traumatic shock.?
?Fragments are divided into two groups:?
?for helical fractures?
?the fracture plane affects more than half the diameter of the bone, while preserving part of the intact bone tissue;?
?Three weeks and drink calcium)))) it is undesirable to move the callus and the callus will not grow. ?
In case of complications (bleeding, traumatic shock), the threat to the patient’s life is first eliminated. Open fractures usually require surgery. If the joint is severely damaged, endoprosthetics is performed. A joint fracture can also be treated well with osteosynthesis. In this case, special devices are used, which carry out fixation. Comminuted fractures are most often fixed with knitting needles for a month.?
?A comminuted type of fracture is formed, which is usually accompanied by the occurrence of a subungual hematoma. If the finger is bent sharply, the tendon will rupture. At the same time, a separation of a bone fragment in the form of a triangle is possible.?
?After all, in order for the bone to grow together, our body needs vitamins, minerals and, of course, calcium. In particular, you should pay attention to products with a high content of zinc, manganese, magnesium, and folic acid.?
?Recommended exercises for finger development:?
?It is not difficult to diagnose a fracture of the phalanx of a finger, knowing all its signs. But symptoms such as swelling, hematoma and cyanosis of the outer skin may not be a fracture, but a banal bruise.?
?– sharp pain when moving the injured limb, inability to fully extend the finger or clench the hand into a fist;?
?primary - under the influence of traumatic force;?
?bone fragments rotate, bone fragments are in a rotated state regarding their natural position;?
?Usually the cast is placed for about 3 weeks.?
?Is applied after restoring the natural position of the bones, excluding a comminuted fracture, also in case of a closed fracture. The plaster is kept for no more than three weeks. In case of a fracture of the nail phalanx, it is applied to the base of the finger. In case of a fracture of the middle and closest phalanx, a plaster cast is applied from the fingertips to the lower third of the forearm.?
?One of the most common injuries. A thumb fracture can be difficult to distinguish from a sprain or bruise due to significant pain. There are two types of this fracture:?
?The photo shows the development of a ball after a fracture of the thumb?
?the patient should move the grains of rice with his fingers?
But symptoms such as very severe pain, shortening of the phalanx, crunching bones suggest that you actually have a fracture. However, you should definitely visit a doctor and take an x-ray.?
?hemorrhage at the fracture site?
?secondary - arising from the interaction of muscle traction and fragments.?
The bone is covered with numerous cracks in all directions. They usually occur with a direct massive impact.?
?They resolve on their own as the fracture heals. For particularly severe forms, physiotherapy or special ointments are used.?
?a fracture near the base of the finger, with the fracture line extending a centimeter above the joint;?
?Zinc promotes calcium absorption. Calcium also works well when combined with magnesium and can be found in bananas, green vegetables, almonds and dairy products. And of course, we shouldn’t forget about beans, cabbage, beets, chicken and sunflower seeds, because the folic acid they contain will help to properly form collagen in the bones.?
?from one cup to another. At the same time, you need to try to take as many grains as possible without scattering them;?
?The first thing to do when providing first aid to a victim in case of a broken finger is?
?, hemorrhage under the nail plate;?
?There is no significant difference in the fracture of one or another finger.?
?differ by the conditionally perpendicular position of the fracture line relative to the longitudinal axis of the injured bone;?
?Based on the nature of the fracture, fractures are divided into:?
The consequences of a broken finger depend on the timeliness and correctness of the assistance provided. In some cases, disability is possible due to dysfunction of the finger: decreased mobility, feeling of pain.?