The sole (foot) is the lowest part of the leg that touches the surface while walking, has 26 bones and plays the most important role - springing. The foot reduces the force of the load on the lower limbs, pelvic bones, and spine.
Local pain manifests itself due to various factors:
Metatarsalgia causes pain in the sole of the foot, specifically in the area where the toes attach to the foot. Soreness is observed in all fingers, excluding the first and fifth. The causes of the disease lie in excessive stress, wearing tight shoes, and thinning of the fatty tissue of the foot.
Arthritis of the joints is accompanied by pain, swelling and stiffness. Redness of the skin is observed. Inflammation can be a consequence of genetic predisposition, hypothermia, injury, medication, etc.
Warts often cause pain on the sole of the foot. They occur due to severe sweating of the feet, diseases of the internal organs, and wearing tight shoes.
Tibialis posterior tendinitis is an inflammatory disease of the muscle that holds the arch of the foot. The disease develops when the ligaments and muscles of the foot are sprained, and often occurs together with flat feet.
Neuroma and Morton's syndrome are diseases of the nerves of the foot due to their compression by surrounding ligaments and bones. They manifest themselves as burning, shooting pains, numbness of the fingers.
Diseases of the toes are accompanied by pain when walking and when touching shoes. The following deformities of the toes are known: crossed, claw-shaped (flexed in several joints), hammertoed (flexed in the first joint), hook-shaped (flexed at the tip of the toe). Hallux valgus is characterized by a characteristic protrusion of the joint into the foot, and a similar disease of the little toe tilts it towards the other toes. Such modifications make it impossible to move normally.
The main symptoms of pain in the sole:
If you find yourself with similar conditions, you should seek advice from an orthopedist.
Treatment of pain in the sole is carried out according to the established diagnosis under the supervision of an orthopedist or traumatologist. First, you need to get rid of the cause of the pain syndrome - lose weight, change shoes, etc.
Special shoes with rocker soles that help the foot roll easily, soften the load of shock during movement, and relieve pain from arthritis. For types of arthritis, your doctor will prescribe medication.
A splint or plaster is applied to treat bruises, sprains, and fractures.
Prevention is also ensured by the use of applicators or Lyapko insoles, massage products in the form of wooden wheels, bars. Such means do not require a lot of effort, time and money from you. You can use them while watching your favorite show or reading a book.
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Unpleasant sensations in the feet can occur at any time , depending on the circumstances. When the sole of the foot hurts, a person cannot normally perform work duties or do household chores around the house. If the soles of your feet often begin to bother you, this may be due not only to uncomfortable shoes from wearing them for a long time, but also to a number of emerging pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. The article will tell you why the soles of your feet hurt, how to treat it, and what causes it. There are a huge number of reasons that cause painful discomfort in the foot. By identifying the cause of pain based on certain symptoms, you can not only quickly return to working capacity and normal walking movements, but also avoid permanent lameness in the future.
The disease is caused by microwounds into which viral organisms (papillomas) enter. If this fact is ignored, the tissue lesion begins to grow, leading to pain when walking.
Symptoms occur when the damaged surface of the foot is directly pressed against a hard surface.
Which doctor treats warts
A surgeon removes warts. This doctor will do the necessary examination and give the optimal course of treatment.
At the initial stage of development of foot skin lesions, antiviral drugs (Famvir, Acyclavir) are used. Treatment is supplemented with any of the following ointments:
The most radical method of removing a wart, when it becomes painful to step on while walking, is surgery. The wart can be removed using a radio wave scalpel or laser.
For the sake of fashionable, but not always comfortable shoes, some women have to put up with the appearance of calluses. The pathology is explained by the small size of the purchased shoes, uncomfortable lasts , etc. When wearing such shoes, rubbing occurs on a certain area of the skin, which leads to the appearance of a blister (on the bottom of the foot, on the sides, on the toes), or a seal forms.
The pain from the callus is disturbing in the places where it appears. These can be different parts of the foot, from the heel to the toes and the instep.
Which doctor should I contact for help?
Calluses are not a severe form of injury, so the therapist’s qualifications will be sufficient to assist the patient.
Finding out about the presence of a callus is not a difficult problem. It is enough for the doctor to examine the patient’s foot.
If “wet” calluses with characteristic swellings appear, a special anti-callus patch should be applied. The product helps to quickly remove the blister and dries out the bloating. It is forbidden to open the callus so as not to introduce dirt into the wound. If this happens, it is necessary to treat with hydrogen peroxide. It is not recommended to apply a patch.
You can remove a “dry” callus by softening the roughened area of skin. To do this, a bandage based on salicylic ointment is applied to the seal. As an alternative, Bensalitin ointment is used. After softening the skin, the callus is carefully cut off by a surgeon.
While running on rough terrain or walking, it is easy to twist your ankle . Because of this, you can get a sprain. The injury is micro tears in the ligament tissue that connects the muscle tissue to the skeleton.
The pain is concentrated at the joint. At rest, the foot “aches,” but when moving, a piercing pain occurs.
Which specialist will help?
If your foot is sprained or sprained, you should consult a traumatologist . The specialist will provide first aid and prescribe treatment.
Determination of stretch is carried out by visual inspection.
After an injury, active movements should be avoided and the foot should rest. If it is not possible to completely eliminate walking, there is a reliable option for applying a bandage based on an elastic bandage. Analgesics are taken to relieve severe pain. Special ointments (Voltaren Emulgel, Ketanol) promote tendon healing.
The most obvious example of foot trouble and pain is arthritis. This is a joint disease explained by inflammatory processes . Under certain circumstances, arthritis can lead to disability if appropriate measures are not taken promptly.
With arthritis, the pain can be described as squeezing or “aching.” Naturally, it occurs in the area of the diseased joint.
To solve this problem with the joints of the feet, you should make an appointment with a rheumatologist .
Course of treatment and recovery
To restore the function of joint movement, doctors prescribe two groups of drugs:
During the period of partial or complete restoration of joint function, physiotherapy (paraffin pads, therapeutic exercises) is included.
The most severe injury is damage to the Achilles tendon . This type of injury is common to football players. This tendon is responsible for positioning the foot when running and walking.
The place of pain is the supraheel part of the foot. Painful sensations in the first minutes are characterized as cutting, piercing.
In addition to cutting pain, a person cannot stand on his toes. This is a clear sign of an Achilles tendon injury.
The problem is dealt with by a surgeon who conducts the necessary examination and gives a course of treatment.
The course of treatment consists of the following:
One of the most common diseases in this group is myositis. The disease is determined by inflammatory processes in the peri-skeletal muscles , characterized by the formation of micro nodules, which are not only a source of pain, but also interfere with the foot when walking.
Pain syndrome is noticed in areas of muscle pathology.
Effective treatment can be provided by the collaboration of a neurologist, surgeon and therapist.
Based on the above studies, an accurate diagnosis is made.
The treatment course includes the following options:
The disease is an inflammatory process in the metatarsal region of the feet . The disease is caused by constant injuries, excess body weight, flat feet, and uncomfortable tight shoes.
The patient may feel pain in the arch of the foot.
The negative effect increases when walking.
An orthopedist or rheumatologist will help to effectively eliminate the discomfort from this pathology.
For a more accurate diagnosis, the following diagnostic options are available:
The following drugs are used to eliminate metatarsalgia:
loose, flat-soled shoes to wear to avoid unnecessary pressure on the painful area of the foot.
The pathology occurs due to an enlargement of the plantar nerve .
The source of the painful condition is the area of the plantar part of the foot between the third and fourth toes. An unpleasant sensation occurs while walking and has a burning effect.
A neurologist can competently solve the problem of foot neuroma. The specialist will accurately determine the degree of development of the disease and give the correct course of treatment.
Diagnosis of foot neuroma
You should immediately switch to wearing comfortable, loose shoes. It is advisable to use orthopedic insoles. To relieve pain, take a course of one of the following medications:
The peculiarity of the disease is expressed in the characteristic shape of the foot, in which the arch does not have a notch. Thus, a flat surface is observed on the sole of the foot. This pathology is caused by a special condition of the ligaments , muscles and skeleton of the foot, which does not allow a person to move normally, causing periodic pain.
In the case of flat feet, the foot hurts in the ankle area.
A special doctor, an orthopedist, deals with flat feet. The doctor’s professional skills allow him to help with this foot defect.
Flat feet can be determined using plantography. Cream is applied to the foot, and then the patient steps on a white piece of paper. The resulting imprint will give a complete picture of the development of flat feet. The smaller the arch in the figure, the greater the flat feet.
There are two ways of treatment: conservative; operation. With the first option, you have to use spacious shoes without high heels and orthopedic insoles. In addition, therapeutic exercises should be carried out aimed at training the feet.
The disease is explained by the deposition of uric acid salts in the joints of the feet. According to statistics, the disease affects mainly the male half of humanity.
With gout, either the joint of the big toe or the ankle joint begins to hurt. The pain is characterized as “twisting” the joint.
Which doctor will help?
When the pathology develops, you have to contact the appropriate specialist.
The listed methods will be enough to establish gouty arthritis.
The principle of treating gout is to eliminate pain and relieve the inflammatory process. If the pain is small, then you can endure it, but if the joint begins to “twist”, then you cannot do without painkillers. In this case, “Nise”, “Ketonal”, “Ibuprofen” are used.
When wondering “why do the soles of your feet hurt, how to treat it, and what causes it,” one of the reasons may be the appearance of a heel spur. The disease manifests itself as a salt build-up on the heel bone. The larger the growth, the more it puts pressure on the soft tissues of the heel.
The place of pain is the heel. The pain syndrome has a “dull” and “aching” effect at the same time.
To solve the problem, it is enough to contact a surgeon. The specialist will examine you and prescribe a course of treatment.
An x-ray will help give an affirmative answer to the presence of a spur. The diagnostic method will show the location of the growth and its size.
You should avoid overly salted foods. Carry out a special massage on the heel. For severe pain, take painkillers.
Among the folk remedies for removing spurs, the usual woodlice is used - grass that grows in swampy areas, or in dark places along fences in dachas. To use, pick the herbs and put it in a sock. Place a sock filled with grass on the sore foot. When you step on the grass, it will release juice, which has a beneficial effect on the resorption of salt build-up. It is enough to carry out three or four similar herbal procedures, and the heel spur will be over.
Most people are familiar with various foot problems. After all, this area of the musculoskeletal system bears the entire weight of the human body when moving. The feet are involved in walking, help maintain balance, distribute loads, removing them from the joints of the legs and spine. Therefore, very often discomfort appears in them, pain, swelling, and cramps may occur. And this happens even in healthy people.
Many people face this problem when the sole of the foot near the toes hurts. This condition is quite unpleasant, it interferes with movement and reduces performance. Basically, such pain appears after exercise and goes away on its own after rest. But sometimes they are associated with pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.
The human foot is very complex. But it is precisely this structure that ensures proper load distribution and maintaining balance when walking. It contains more than two dozen small bones connected by joints and ligaments. In addition, many blood vessels and nerve endings help the foot perform its functions.
Thanks to the presence of two arches that provide shock absorption, when walking a person relies on only a few areas. The sole has three support points: the heel and two near the toes. These are the places that most often suffer under increased loads. A person may notice that their soles begin to hurt. In this case, the pain can be periodic or constant, acute or aching. Painful sensations may appear only when walking or persist at rest.
If such a problem is associated with overload, and after rest the pain goes away, you just need to try to spend less time on your feet, be more careful when choosing shoes and do gymnastics to strengthen the muscular-ligamentous apparatus of the feet. But it also happens that such a problem torments a person constantly, his legs ache even at rest, and movement causes serious discomfort. In this case, it is necessary to undergo examination by a doctor, since pain can be caused by pathologies of the musculoskeletal system or systemic chronic diseases.
The main cause of pain in this area is increased stress on the forefoot, for example, due to wearing high heels
Most often, this problem occurs in people who spend a long time on their feet. Standing work, especially associated with constant walking or carrying heavy objects, intense sports, hiking, constant wearing of high-heeled shoes - all this can cause pain in the soles of the toes. But the opposite situation can also cause this problem. Prolonged bed rest or a sedentary lifestyle lead to weakening of the musculo-ligamentous apparatus of the foot. As a result, the load when walking is distributed unevenly, and pain occurs in the sole.
Often such sensations also occur in older people. Due to age-related changes, their foot functions are impaired and ligaments are weakened. Pain may also be associated with a lack of calcium in the bones, which also often happens in old people. In such cases, osteoporosis develops, and discomfort occurs not only around the toes, but also in other bones.
To relieve such pain, it is necessary to determine their cause. This can be done by a doctor only after an examination, because the soles of the feet can hurt due to various diseases:
Pain may also occur from dry calluses, corns or warts
Painful sensations in the feet prevent a person from moving normally. If the problem does not go away after resting, you should visit a doctor to determine the cause. Only then can you understand how to treat such pain. The main method is to treat the disease that caused the discomfort. For example, in case of injury, it is necessary to apply a plaster cast or fixation splint; in case of flat feet, orthopedic shoes are prescribed, and inflammatory phenomena are treated with NSAIDs, steroid hormones and antibiotics.
If foot problems are associated with a lack of calcium or other microelements, you need to change your diet and take vitamin and mineral complexes. For fungal infections, special medications are prescribed for external or internal use. Warts and dry calluses can be removed surgically or using a laser.
To effectively get rid of foot pain, you need to be examined by a doctor and determine its cause.
But in addition to this, symptomatic treatment is also prescribed. The following methods are used to relieve foot pain:
If conservative treatment is ineffective, surgical intervention is sometimes resorted to. This happens rarely, only in advanced cases. Indications for surgery include damage to bones, ligaments or tendons as a result of injury, pinched nerves, as well as serious vascular pathologies.
The easiest way to relieve pain is with painkillers
Most often, medications are used to relieve pain. These may be analgesics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in tablets, for example, Pentalgin, Nurofen, Ketanov, Indomethacin, Naproxen or Tylenol.
If there is no damage to the skin on the sole or dermatological diseases, you can use ointments and gels with analgesic or warming properties. This could be Dolgit, Diclofenac, Ketonal. To relieve inflammation, swelling and pain, the drugs Olfen, Removit, Apizartron, Viprosal and others are used. After injuries, Ben Gay, Bystrumgel, Lidocaine, Menovazin, Efkamon and other remedies help well.
If pain is caused by joint diseases, in addition to anti-inflammatory drugs, chondroprotectors are prescribed. These drugs do not immediately relieve pain; they gradually improve the condition of the cartilage tissue. Therefore, they need to be used for a long time. These are Chondroxide, Teraflex ointments, Struktrum, Dona, Aflutop tablets and others.
Massage relieves foot pain well. This procedure improves blood circulation and metabolic processes, promotes relaxation of muscles and ligaments. To enhance the effect, you can use warming ointments during massage. These can be “Capsoderm”, “Gimnastogal”, “Vellivenon”, “Myoton”, “Nicoflex”, “Vesima” oil. It is also useful to walk on pebbles, beans or massage mats.
For flat feet and other pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, physical therapy should become an important method of treatment. It strengthens muscles and ligaments, which helps distribute the load correctly. The most commonly recommended exercises include rotating the feet, bending and straightening the toes, walking on toes and heels, lifting small objects from the floor with the toes, and rolling a rolling pin or ball with the foot.
It is very important to pay attention to your shoes if you have pain around your toes. It must be the right size, not narrow. It is recommended to wear a heel no higher than 5 cm, then there will be no increased load on the forefoot. For various pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, it is recommended to put special insoles or at least toe pads into your shoes.
Physical therapy is effective for pathologies of the musculoskeletal system
As a supplement to the main therapy prescribed by the doctor, as well as for periodic pain in the sole caused by overwork, traditional methods can be used. For severe pain, applying cold is recommended. This could be an ice pack or a towel soaked in cold water. After increased physical activity or injury, you need to lie down and raise your legs higher. This will help prevent swelling and reduce pain.
In the evenings, it is good to relieve fatigue and discomfort in the feet with warm baths with sea salt or decoctions of medicinal herbs. Essential oils of rosemary, lavender, eucalyptus and juniper also help. And fir oil can be rubbed into the soles, it relieves pain well.
Soreness in the soles can be prevented by avoiding negative external influences. First of all, it is necessary to protect your legs from injuries and increased stress. For any injury to the foot, the wound must be treated immediately, and after a bruise, it is better to see a doctor to exclude the possibility of a fracture. It is also important to properly care for your feet: trim your nails carefully, avoid sweating and the formation of calluses.
Women are not recommended to wear high heels or shoes with narrow toes for long periods of time. You should choose comfortable shoes, especially if you have to spend a long time on your feet.
For various pathologies of the foot, you need to use orthopedic insoles and interdigital inserts. Lifestyle also affects the condition of your feet. You need to give up bad habits, your diet should be balanced. It is important to properly alternate physical activity and rest, strengthen the leg muscles and do a relaxing foot massage.
In most cases, pain in the soles of the feet goes away quickly. Pathologies of the musculoskeletal system require more serious treatment. But this condition can be prevented if you monitor the health of your feet.
foot is the lowest part of the lower limb . The part of the foot that is in direct contact with the ground is called the foot or sole. The foot has three bony support , two of which are located in the forefoot and one in the hindfoot.
The hindfoot is the heel ; the forefoot is the toe of the foot, which includes five toes. The toes include the phalanges of the foot skeleton. The bones of the foot extend from the tips of the toes to the heel, uniting in the body of the foot.
The metatarsals and phalanges are similar to the metacarpus and phalanges of the hand, but are less developed due to their less mobility. When walking, the heel comes into contact with the surface first, then the lateral edge of the foot, the balls of the sole and the big toe.
Depending on the nature of the damage to the arch, longitudinal and transverse flat feet are distinguished. It is possible to combine these forms with each other and with other foot deformities.
Foot pain is a very common cause of patient complaints. They can be general, diffuse, involving the entire foot, or limited to certain and small areas of the feet. Diffuse foot pain is sometimes associated with load or tension, but can also appear at rest, without any tension on the foot.
What is striking is the pain of all the bones when pressing on them with the tip of a finger. Long-term bed rest for various diseases also causes diffuse pain in the feet, which is associated not with bones, but with insufficiency of the musculo-ligamentous apparatus . The same pain from insufficiency occurs with a rapid increase in total body weight or prolonged increased stress.
The plantar fascia is a wide band of connective tissue that runs along the plantar surface of the foot from the heel bone to the metatarsal heads in the forefoot. Plantar fasciitis is caused by stretching of the fascia, which is caused by excessive pronation of the foot.
Inflammation caused by stretching of the fascia in the heel area leads to pain both in the heel itself and in the arch of the foot. Pain in the feet is especially noticeable in the morning, when a person gets out of bed after a long rest.
a heel spur develops where it attaches to the heel bone . Therefore, it is important to begin treating functional changes before complications develop.
Foot pain can also be caused by the following reasons:
compression of the nerves between the fingers;
deformation of the metatarsal bones.
Most often, this pain is caused by nerve damage or age-related changes in the foot, called metatarsalgia.
Foot pain due to age-related changes. With age, the protective function of the shock-absorbing fat layer in the area of the metatarsal heads gradually decreases. This condition can lead to compression of the bursae in the area of the metatarsal heads, which leads to their inflammation - bursitis.
Joint inflammation or rheumatoid arthritis can also cause pain.
Foot pain can be caused by a benign growth of nerve tissue called a neuroma, which surrounds the nerve. The neuroma usually occurs in the base of the third or fourth toe (Morton's neuroma), although it can also occur in other toes.
Neuromas usually occur on one foot and are more common in women. Typically, in the early stages, neuroma manifests itself as moderate pain in the area of the third or fourth toes, and is sometimes accompanied by a burning or tingling sensation. Negative symptoms are aggravated by wearing certain uncomfortable shoes, especially those with narrow toes. As the process progresses, the tingling becomes constant, regardless of what kind of shoes the person wears.
Dislocation of the Lisfranc joint is also rare and can be complete or incomplete. With complete dislocation , all metatarsal bones are displaced; with incomplete dislocation, individual metatarsal bones are displaced from their normal position. The patient has pain in the foot. The shape of the foot changes.
The foot appears shortened and widens in the forefoot. If one of the metatarsal bones on the surface of the foot is dislocated, a protrusion in the form of a step is determined. The diagnosis is confirmed by X-ray examination.
Dislocation of the tarsal bones or dislocation of the Chopart joint is extremely rare. Dislocation occurs when the foot turns sharply. The patient is bothered by pain in the foot, which usually increases sharply with movement. Subsequently, swelling occurs, which quickly increases. In the foot below the site of dislocation, the blood supply is disrupted. The victim must be given pain relief and quickly taken to the hospital for urgent reduction of the dislocation.
Subtalar foot dislocation is rare. This dislocation occurs in the talocalcaneal and talonavicular joints. The mechanism of dislocation is a sharp twisting of the foot in any direction.
The talus bone is displaced from its place, and on the side opposite to the displacement a ligament rupture occurs. The patient complains of pain in the foot. The shape of the foot has been changed. To exclude fractures of the foot bones, X-rays are taken.
Dislocation of the foot in the ankle joint is not common and is accompanied by rupture of the ankle ligaments and joint capsule and ankle fractures, less often other articular fractures. Types of foot dislocations: external, internal, forward, backward and upward. An outward dislocation of the foot occurs when the foot is twisted sideways and outward.
In this case, a fracture of the outer ankle occurs. When the foot turns inwards, a fracture of the inner malleolus occurs and the foot dislocates inwards. A posterior dislocation of the foot can occur with a strong blow to the shin or with a sharp and strong plantar flexion of the foot, and an anterior dislocation occurs when the foot is bent towards the rear or the shin is struck from behind.
Rarely, upward dislocation of the foot occurs when falling from a height. The patient is worried about pain in the foot , the inability to stand on the foot and walk. The shape of the foot has been changed. The diagnosis is confirmed by X-ray examination. As first aid, it is necessary to give the victim an anesthetic and take him to the hospital.
Pain in the foot, namely in the heel, occurs when inflammation develops in the soft tissues surrounding the spur. The first manifestations of a heel spur are usually noted when a person has just gotten up in the morning and stepped on his heel, or after the first steps, when he has been sitting for a long time.
The foot with flat feet touches the surface with the entire area of the sole and ceases to perform a spring function, pain and fatigue of the feet and legs occur when walking, standing, and running.
Acquired flat feet (congenital is extremely rare) most often develops as a result of various overloads of the feet, especially during the period of growth of the body. In adulthood, flat feet often develop when standing for a long time (for example, sellers, hairdressers). Flat feet can also be caused by:
Carrying heavy objects for a long time;
excess body weight.
Traumatic flatfoot develops after a fracture of the ankles or foot bones. With fractures of the bones of the lower limb, flat feet also often develop, moreover, on the side opposite to the fracture.
This disease affects the legs, usually the feet. It occurs most often among middle-aged men. Characterized by the following characteristic symptoms :
The disease is usually preceded by heating of the limb or its forced position. The pain is relieved by applying cold or elevating the affected limb.
This disease accompanies other diseases, such as:
reaction to a drug;
May occur in myeloproliferative diseases such as leukemia. But it can also happen without connection with other diseases. The cause of this disease is unknown.
A burning sensation in a limb often occurs as a response to heat. Pain in the foot can also cause forced positioning of the limb. The affected area turns red.
For prevention , doctors recommend:
swimming, jogging, cycling, skiing, walking more;
do a warm-up before putting any weight on your foot;
play sports in sports shoes, change them every six months;
rest if you feel pain and fatigue in your legs;
walk barefoot on the grass;
buy shoes in the afternoon, when the foot swells a little;
make sure that the shoes are comfortable and do not rub;
wear heeled shoes less often.
Each specific case will require its own system for treating foot pain . First you need to find out the cause of the pain. If you have flat feet, the solution may be to systematically wear special orthopedic insoles. For heel spurs, special ointments in combination with bed rest can help.
The most common complaint in the podiatrist's office is plantar pain. Painful sensations are general, diffuse, covering the entire foot or a specific part of it. Diffuse pain is associated with severe overload or prolonged tension, but it also occurs at rest.
The health of the entire body can be determined by the foot. The first symptoms of serious internal disorders (arthritis, spinal problems, diabetes, etc.) manifest themselves primarily on the foot. Therefore, pain in the foot should not be left without proper attention.
Pain arising from exertion often indicates the first manifestations of diseases such as rickets, osteoporosis in the elderly, osteomalacia. Any finger pressure causes pain in all bones of the foot.
Prolonged immobility due to a serious illness can lead to diffuse pain related to insufficiency of the ligamentous muscles. Increasing load and weight gain are a common cause of discomfort.
Severe pain while stationary, loss of supporting ability with inflammatory-trophic changes occur with osteoporosis of the joints, which develops against the background of bone disease and injuries. Paroxysmal or prolonged diffuse pain appears as a result of functional and organic damage to blood vessels.
Local pain manifests itself due to various factors:
Pain can occur due to calluses, hardening of areas of the foot, during pregnancy. Calluses and various compactions of the sole appear due to increased friction and excessive pressure on the supporting areas. Coarse growths of dead cells cause a lot of discomfort. Uncomfortable, tight, high-heeled shoes increase the risk of keratinization and calluses. The pregnancy period is often accompanied by pain in the sole due to growing body weight, a shift in the center of gravity, and overload of the foot.
Erythromelalgia is a common disease in middle-aged men. It manifests itself as a burning pain on the sole, which often turns red. Relief comes from cooling the limb. This disease occurs independently or along with thrombocytosis, polycythemia, hypertension, or a reaction to the drug used.
The formation of a heel spur causes pain on the sole of the foot, localized in the heel area. The disease develops against the background of physical overload, due to plantar fasciitis. The process of stretching the fascia affects the deposition of calcium salts in the area of high pressure, which leads to the appearance of a hard formation on the heel tubercle.
Flat feet cause pain in the sole when walking, running, or standing. The disease is most often acquired rather than congenital. Factors influencing the development of flat feet:
Calluses, keratinized growths of the sole, as well as warts cause a lot of inconvenience or interfere with freedom of movement. Keratosis is an intractable problem in the form of hardening on the sole with a deep core that goes deep into the tissue and causes wild pain during movement.
Ingrown toenails cause pain not only when you move. As the nail grows, it causes swelling, redness of the finger, and pain at the slightest touch.
A long second toe is the cause of pain in the sole when walking. More often this is a congenital defect that leads to improper distribution of the load along the foot.
Symptoms of pain in the sole are usually accompanied by pain, stiffness of movement, changes in gait, and discomfort when putting on and wearing shoes. The pain can be constant and aching, sharp and shooting, occurring only during a certain period. Symptoms are detected by visual examination - redness, swelling, deformation, etc.
The main symptoms of pain in the sole:
Experienced specialists diagnose pain in the sole based on patient descriptions or visual examination with palpation. Some cases require the collection of information about medical history, injuries sustained, usual lifestyle, past illnesses and medications taken.
X-ray examination, tests (flexion, load, etc.), ultrasound of adjacent tissues, MRI - necessary diagnostics to determine internal disorders (for example, blood circulation).
X-rays and MRIs are used to detect or confirm dislocations, fractures, cracks, etc. Detailed diagnostic methods are used to exclude serious diseases (arthritis, gout).
It is possible to completely eliminate flat feet in children and in the first stage of the disease in adults by selecting the right shoes, as well as performing a complex of physical therapy. In the second stage of flat feet, it is important to use orthopedic insoles; in the third stage, surgical intervention is recommended.
It is also not advisable to treat calluses, various hardenings of the sole, and warts on your own. Cutting and cauterization lead to deep, long-lasting wounds, causing suppuration and infection.
Ensuring complete rest, applying a tight bandage and placing the sore limb on an elevation is applicable for the treatment of soft tissue injuries of the foot. Your doctor may prescribe medications to relieve inflammation.
To avoid the occurrence of diseases of the lower extremities, you must adhere to the recommendations of specialists.
Do not start the disease, do not expect the pain in the sole to go away on its own. A timely visit to the hospital will help get rid of possible complications and stop the developing disease in a mild stage.
Portnov Alexey Alexandrovich
Education: Kiev National Medical University. A.A. Bogomolets, specialty - "General Medicine"