Medicine has seen many injuries, but knee bruising is one of the most common. Despite the apparent harmlessness of the blow, the resulting injury can cause significant damage to the body. Even the slightest bruise can cause a lot of discomfort, and in combination with the complications accompanying it, lead to the development of severe joint pain several years later. There is no prevention from this unpleasant disease, but timely treatment will help avoid unwanted consequences in the future.
The older a person gets, the greater the danger to his health that injuries pose. However, most often children or a category of people whose activities are closely related to physical activity, for example, athletes, suffer from bruises of their limbs. The cause of such injuries is a bruise of the knee on a hard surface or a blunt object.
Sometimes even innocent skating or a morning jog can cause ligament rupture, which in turn causes damage to the knee joint.
If the symptoms described above are long-lasting, you should seek help from a doctor. Sometimes a severe bruise can provoke a painful shock when the victim loses consciousness. As a rule, in such cases the injury is very severe and there may be internal damage. It is necessary to provide first aid and call a doctor.
The easiest consequence that a knee injury can lead to is a scratch or abrasion on the leg. This usually only leads to temporary discomfort for the victim. If medical care and appropriate treatment were not provided on time, consequences of a different nature may arise. The most common of these is inflammation of the meniscus. This disease can become chronic and contribute to the development of cystic formations on it, which most often have to be removed through surgery.
Another possible complication caused by a knee joint injury is ligament rupture or sprain. A similar nuisance occurs as a result of a direct blow to the knee from any side. Ligament rupture is accompanied by the inability to move the injured knee. When the ligaments are sprained, the leg remains mobile, but all movements are extremely difficult to perform.
As with any bruise of a limb, as part of first aid it is recommended to apply cold to the site of the bruise. This will help reduce the scale of internal hemorrhage into the joint cavity. If the injury occurred on the street and the victim cannot move independently, then you must immediately call an ambulance. If the motor function has not completely hypertrophied, then before further treatment is provided, the first step is to reduce the blood flow to the limb by placing it on a hill.
A knee bruise can cause severe pain, and in this case the answer to the question of how to treat a bruised knee will be pain relief. For this purpose, non-steroidal drugs are used: Analgin, Diclofenac, Oksigan and Ketanov. Very often, doctors prescribe these drugs in combination with other medications and ointments. If severe swelling has formed at the site of the bruise, which is accompanied by severe pain, then a puncture of the knee joint is performed. After suctioning out the blood accumulated in it, a fixing bandage is applied to the site of injury.
It is very important to limit yourself in physical activity in the first time after an injury. Since the knee is a moving joint, the process of its recovery may take time. In order to speed up the rehabilitation period, doctors prescribe physiotherapeutic procedures. To increase the metabolism of cartilage tissue, they are often performed using chondroprotective agents. They remove pain, nourish and restore damaged tissue.
For those who know what to do with “grandmother’s” recipes, there is good news. A knee injury can be cured without the help of modern medicine . To do this, you will need to mix pork fat with finely crushed plantain leaves until a homogeneous consistency is formed. This ointment is applied to the site of the bruise. An alternative remedy can be boiled semolina mixed with steamed cinquefoil leaves.
A few days after the injury, the bruised area begins to warm up. This speeds up the healing process. Traditional medicine has stocked up with an impressive variety of recipes for warming compresses. In the winter season, you can make compresses from dry wormwood with Vaseline several times a day. To do this, you need to move the components and put them in the oven for a couple of hours.
Take 100 g of hop cones and pour 400 ml of vodka over them, let it brew for several days, and then strain. The resulting solution is an excellent remedy for warming compresses. For those who like to experiment with herbs, you can prepare the following decoction to treat a bruise. Coltsfoot is mixed with oregano, 20 grams each, then crushed and poured with vodka in an amount of 500g. The mixture is infused for several days, stirring occasionally, then filtered and used for night compresses.
Another recipe that will help eliminate swelling is suitable for use in the warm season. For this you will need to take fresh wormwood and grind it to a paste. The resulting mixture is applied to the affected area in a thick layer, periodically moistening it with water. Wormwood ground under a compress should not be allowed to dry out.
The healthy lifestyle style is becoming more and more popular every year. A balanced diet, giving up bad habits, and increasing physical activity have a positive effect on a person’s health and well-being. However, sometimes an incorrectly selected set of exercises, non-compliance with the technique of performing it, excessive load, or simply carelessness can lead to injuries. One such injury is a knee injury.
Damage to the knee joint is an injury that often occurs during physical education, sports, or simply from an accidental fall. Knee injuries can have varying degrees of severity and require mandatory consultation with a doctor, and in some cases, serious treatment, including surgery.
The knee joint (diarthrosis) is the largest in the human body. It is located between the femur and tibia. The patella (kneecap) is located on top of the joint. In the diarthrosis cavity there are two menisci (cartilaginous formations that act as a shock absorber). There are ligaments on the sides. The diarthrosis itself is covered with an articular capsule.
Anatomical structure of the knee joint. A joint with a complex structure includes several internal structures, any of which can be damaged by injury.
Types of knee injuries:
The main symptoms of a knee injury are:
Advice: if you have these symptoms, you should seek help from a traumatologist as soon as possible.
Treatment of a knee joint injury includes independent provision of first aid, and the second stage is the provision of qualified medical care followed by rehabilitation.
There are a number of injuries that are accompanied by life-threatening conditions and require immediate hospitalization:
In these conditions, you must call an ambulance.
Method of applying a fixing bandage to the knee in case of injury
For minor knee injuries with minor pain and no bleeding, a person can provide first aid to himself . Main stages:
Note: this simple set of measures will reduce pain in the knee joint, reduce swelling and shorten the period of recovery and rehabilitation.
Orthopedic knee brace
Home treatment includes, first of all, following the correct regimen of physical activity on the injured limb and performing a series of manipulations.
In the first few days after the injury, it is necessary to provide complete rest to the injured knee. It is necessary to exclude or limit any movements in the joint.
When walking, it is advisable to use crutches or a cane, shifting your body weight to them. When lying down, the knee should be on a soft surface (pillow) in an elevated position.
It is imperative to conduct self-massage sessions (soft, gentle stroking in different directions) - this will help improve blood circulation.
Applying ice will help reduce swelling. The procedure lasts 10–15 minutes 3 times a day for the first 2 days. To carry out such a compress, you need to wrap the ice in a damp towel.
Important: this procedure is carried out with extreme caution because... there is a risk of frostbite. The time limit must be strictly adhered to.
In the first 48 hours, you must avoid any activities that could lead to increased swelling (bath, hot shower). It is possible to use a fixing bandage for no more than 24 hours.
Begins 3-4 days after injury. Swelling subsides and pain decreases. Feeling better. During this period, it is important to begin a gradual introduction of physical activity. First, slow warm-up exercises with a gradual increase in their amplitude and strength.
One of the recommended exercises. Should be done carefully.
If you experience knee pain, you should consult your doctor about the need to choose a different set of exercises or postpone the exercise for 1–2 days.
These exercises must be performed 2-4 times with each leg.
Note: a long period of immobilization can lead to the onset of atrophic processes in muscles and joints. Therefore, it is necessary to start physical activity as early as possible.
When a knee joint injury is combined with various inflammatory and degenerative diseases (arthritis, arthrosis), the duration of each period increases.
An exercise to maintain mobility in the knee joint.
Most knee injuries do not require specialized medical treatment. In case of severe pain, it is recommended to take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen, Ketanov, etc.). However, their use on the first day creates a risk of increased bruising.
There are a number of anxiety symptoms that require urgent medical attention:
Important! Any of these symptoms indicates the development of complications of a traumatic injury and the need for extensive therapeutic measures, sometimes surgical intervention.
Rehabilitation after a knee injury is a mandatory stage of treatment. During this period, complete restoration of the function of the damaged limb occurs . The duration of rehabilitation ranges from several weeks to a year, depending on the severity of the injury. Rehabilitation after a knee joint injury is prescribed by a traumatologist or physiotherapist. Most often it includes:
Therapeutic exercise for a knee injury is a set of exercises specially selected to strengthen muscles and ligaments, as well as to prevent the formation of contractures.
A set of exercises for rehabilitation after a knee injury.
A set of exercises is initially performed under the supervision of a doctor or exercise therapy instructor; in the future, it is possible to conduct classes independently at home.
Physiotherapy of the knee joint after injury includes mud applications, paraffin treatment, magnetic therapy, electrical myostimulation, electrophoresis, phonophoresis, UHF therapy.
A rational approach to physical activity will help avoid injuries. Proper care of joints and timely correction of disorders will extend their service for many years.
Co-author of the material: Dmitry Ulyanov is an orthopedist-rheumatologist with 22 years of experience, a doctor of the first category. Engaged in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of all diseases of the joints and connective tissue. He has a diploma in Rheumatology and studied at the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.
Injuries to the lower leg and knee joint can vary in severity. Correctly provided first aid in such cases can significantly facilitate healing, and in some cases prevent disability.
The lower leg is located between the knee and ankle joints. It is formed by two bones: on the outside – the tibia, on the inside – the fibula. Around the bones lie the muscles that move the foot. The knee joint is limited below by the surface of the tibia, and above by the femur. It is protected in front by the patella. Between the articular surfaces of the bones in the joint there are two cartilage discs - meniscus.
Lower extremity injuries are common. Most often, bruises and muscle tears occur. They appear when hit by a heavy object or sudden jumps. Treatment is carried out without surgery: cold is applied to the site of the bruise, the limb is raised and it is kept at rest. For extensive injuries, immobilization is required for 2 weeks, then massage and therapeutic exercises are prescribed.
A common injury to the lower leg is a rupture of the Achilles tendon, located in the lower part of the lower leg on its back surface. During damage, a characteristic cracking sound is heard. Then the victim cannot stand on the toe of the injured leg. Gradually the site of injury swells.
If a tendon ruptures, you need to apply cold to the injury site, try to straighten the foot (extend the toe) and slightly bend the knee. In this position, the leg must be fixed, ensuring the immobility of the knee and ankle joints. It is advisable to bandage a hard object, such as a ruler, on the front surface of the lower leg and the back of the foot. You can't step on your feet. The victim must be taken to the hospital.
For leg wounds, you should clean the skin of dirt, stop the bleeding with a tourniquet or bandage, apply a sterile bandage and consult a doctor.
A common injury to the lower leg is a fracture. With a closed fracture, the skin is not damaged. Abnormal mobility and displacement of parts of the lower leg, a crunching sound when trying to move, and a change in the shape of the limb are determined. Swelling develops quickly and pain appears. If the fragments are not displaced relative to each other, the victim can lean slightly on his leg, but this should not be done.
Internal bleeding into the tissue leads to rapid accumulation of blood and swelling. This can cause severe nerve damage. In this case, urgent surgery is necessary.
In case of a fracture of the leg, it is necessary to immobilize the limb and immediately consult a doctor. You can use a Cramer ladder splint. It is modeled according to the curves of the leg, and a soft gauze pad is placed inside. The splint is applied along the back surface from the gluteal fold to the heel, then bent and ensure the immobility of the foot. Additional plywood splints can be used on both sides of the limb. All these devices are carefully bandaged to the leg.
You can use an improvised tire made of thick wire. It is applied to the lateral surfaces of the shin, covering the heel from below. A board is placed under the foot. This design is bandaged from the knee to the toes.
If you don’t have a splint at hand, you can immobilize the limb by bandaging an umbrella, a cane, a bunch of branches, or sticks to it. In this case, it is important to fix the knee joint and foot. As a last resort, it is permissible to bandage a broken limb to a healthy one using a scarf or towel.
In case of an open fracture, bleeding is stopped by pressing the artery above the injury site with a finger, then a hemostatic tourniquet is used, indicating the time of its application. Bone fragments protruding from the wound should not be touched. A sterile bandage is carefully applied over the injury and the victim is urgently taken to the hospital.
An ascending spiral bandage is usually applied to the lower leg. Make several circular passes of the bandage on the ankles, then begin to rise up the limb, making spiral turns. Each subsequent round of the bandage should overlap the previous one by 2/3. To model the shape of the leg, bends are made along the front surface of the shin. Secure the bandage under the knee in circular motions.
You can use a scarf. A triangular piece of fabric is placed with the short side down perpendicular to the shin. The lower and upper corners of the scarf are folded onto the front surface and secured.
An elastic bandage can be used as a bandage. It is applied to the elevated limb, starting from the fingertips to the knee. It is necessary to avoid the formation of folds and excessive tension of the bandage. It is secured with a pin under the knee.
Damage to the knee joint is often accompanied by accumulation of blood in its cavity. In this case, the joint changes shape and swells. There is pain when moving. In severe cases, blood accumulates quickly. With bruises, swelling may appear only after a few hours or the next day.
An awkward sudden movement, such as when playing sports or falling, causes a rupture of the ligaments. When the internal collateral ligament is damaged, the lower leg deviates to the side, acute pain occurs, and a bruise appears on the inner surface of the knee. The joint swells quickly. When the anterior cruciate ligament ruptures, a cracking sound is heard, followed by pain and swelling of the knee.
If you suspect ligament damage, it is necessary to immobilize the joint, apply ice and consult a doctor. There may be damage to the meniscus, which without medical attention can lead to immobility of the knee.
If the meniscus is injured, part of it can become pinched in the articular cavity and “block” movement in the knee. You cannot remove such a blockade yourself; It is recommended to immobilize the joint and go to the hospital.
A luxated kneecap is accompanied by an outward displacement of the patella. The victim himself can adjust it. In the future, it is necessary to apply a splint. The doctor at the emergency room will remove blood from the joint cavity and apply a plaster cast. If this is not done, habitual patellar dislocation is likely to develop.
A sprained leg is a very serious injury. The tibia, which has moved backward or outward, puts pressure on the nerves and blood vessels, causing impaired blood supply and severe pain. The joint changes shape and swells, movements in it are impossible. It is impossible to reduce such a dislocation without general anesthesia. If there is a long transport ahead and there are signs of poor circulation, you can lightly pull on the foot and try to move the lower leg closer to the normal position. These manipulations must be carried out extremely carefully. The victim can be transported only after immobilization with a standard or improvised splint.
A patellar fracture occurs when someone falls on or hits their knee. The joint swells, bleeding and pain quickly appear. Retraction may be detected between the fragments. The victim cannot straighten the leg at the knee, but with outside help, movements in the joint are possible in full. Help consists of straightening the limb at the knee and applying a transport splint. After this, the patient can carefully step on his foot. It is necessary to go to the emergency room to rule out more serious injuries.
With an intra-articular fracture, severe pain occurs. The joint becomes deformed and swells. The hemorrhage goes down to the lower leg. With such a severe injury, it is necessary to apply a splint from the armpit and from the perineum to the foot on both sides, and then seek medical help.
For joint wounds, apply a sterile bandage, immobilize the leg with a splint, and transport the victim to the hospital. If a foreign object is visible in the wound, it cannot be removed. In this case, the bandage must be applied very carefully to avoid dislodging the foreign body; It is necessary to splint the knee in the same position in which it was at the time of injury.
In case of damage to the knee joint, a Dieterichs splint is applied to the leg. It is used in the same way as for hip injuries. Two side strips are placed under the armpit and in the crotch, their ends should protrude 10 cm beyond the heel. A wooden “sole” is bandaged to the foot. A splint is applied and the limb is tractioned using a cord stretched between the “sole” and the transverse bar of the splint. Then another flat plywood strip is placed under the leg and this entire structure is bandaged to the body.
If a standard splint is not available, you can use improvised ones or at least tightly bandage the injured leg to the healthy one. The main thing is to ensure fixation of the hip, knee and ankle joints.
For minor injuries, you can use a mesh bandage or adhesive plaster. If the wound on the knee is extensive, use a turtle bandage:
A figure-of-eight bandage can be applied to a straight limb, alternately covering the leg below and above the knee. A scarf bandage is also used: the center of the tissue triangle is placed on the patella and the limb is tightly wrapped, then the protruding upper corner is folded down.
Injuries to the lower leg and knee joint are very dangerous. Their consequences can be limb immobility, osteomyelitis, and impaired leg function. That is why, in case of any damage, it is better to treat the wound, immobilize the limb and seek medical help.
“Doctors Without Coats” program, a specialist talks about why it is important to reduce swelling in case of injury:
A knee bruise is a common injury that occurs in both adults and children. Very often, when people fall, they cannot orient themselves in time, so they fall straight on their knee. A knee bruise from a fall or blow is a dangerous injury, because the consequences of knee damage can appear several years after the bruise, when a high load is placed on the knee joint. To prevent such situations from happening, the knee after a bruise must always be checked for the integrity of the ligaments, joint capsule, and patella - these are the structures that are most often damaged.
The immediate cause that causes a bruise of the knee joint is the impact on the joint of a factor that is not comparable in strength to the resistance of the bone tissue. Simply put, it can be any traumatic factor that affects the knee area, but the damage will vary - from a minor bruise to complete fragmentation of the knee joint.
Joint bruise is caused by:
In any of these cases, the injury can be either mild or severe, so do not forget about a mandatory visit to the doctor to diagnose the extent of damage received after the impact.
Signs of a knee injury cannot be ignored. The knee is a large joint that bears the weight of the body and actively participates in human motor activity. Damage is manifested by the following symptoms:
If a person suffers a knee joint injury, it is necessary to provide first aid correctly so as not to harm the victim. If possible, the sick person is raised and seated on a bench.
If there is severe pain and a person cannot stand on his leg, it is necessary to call an ambulance - most likely, a knee bruise caused a ligament rupture or fracture, which can only be diagnosed in a clinic.
Before professional assistance is provided, the limb must be immobilized and ice applied to relieve swelling. A severe bruise should never be heated - if the knee is swollen, then heat will only increase the swelling. If a wound or abrasion appears on the skin, it must be treated with hydrogen peroxide before the doctors arrive.
Treatment for a knee injury is possible after the doctor makes a diagnosis and finds out whether there are complications after the injury. If the joint is swollen and fluid is felt under the skin, a puncture is performed and intra-articular fluid is pumped out with a syringe. It can be blood (with hemorrhage in the joint, hemarthrosis) or serous exudate. After the fluid is removed, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, such as Diclofenac, is injected into the joint.
In most cases, meniscal damage can be treated surgically. After the intervention, the doctor will give instructions on how to restore motor activity in the knee. Simple exercises and exercise therapy will be useful; physical therapy may be required. Athletes are subsequently recommended to have the knee joint taped (application of special tapes to fix the joint).
How many days the patient will recover depends on the nature of the injury received, the compensatory forces of the body, and the conditions for the patient’s recovery after the injury.
With a slight bruise, the limb heals from 10 to 12 days - after which it can be loaded little by little, and in case of complications, the rehabilitation period takes much longer.
If you receive a minor bruise, damage to the knee joint can be treated at home. The victims are prescribed compresses and the use of cooling ointments. You can use folk remedies for bruises if there are no contraindications.
Complications and consequences
If first aid for a knee injury is provided incorrectly or untimely, the injury can lead to various complications:
When a knee joint injury occurs, victims should not hope that everything will work out on its own and that the unpleasant consequences of the injury will not appear. It is much easier to go to the clinic and take an x-ray. The doctor will give professional advice on recovery. By doing them, it will be much easier to restore health to your injured knee.
Knee bruise. First aid is provided by a traumatologist
The distinctive feature and superiority of humans from other vertebrate earthly creatures is the ability to hold the body in an upright position and the ability to walk...on their feet.
The human skeleton is designed in such a way that limbs—legs and arms—are needed to perform vital actions.
Limbs, in turn, consist of joints, muscles and ligaments.
This article will look at problems associated with knee ligaments. So, the knee is an organ that serves as a support and ensures human movement. It is the knees that bear a huge load when performing certain actions and movements.
The more a particular organ is used and “exploited,” the greater the risk of injury. People who play sports or do certain regular physical activities are most at risk.
The knee joint consists of the patellar ligament, a pair of cruciate and literal ligaments, on both lateral surfaces of the leg. It should be noted that all these parts are subject to stretching and tearing.
Sudden movements, heavy lifting, blows and dislocations can cause sprains in the knee joints.
This is characterized by microscopic ruptures of tendon fibers, in a state of maximum tension of the muscle fibers of the knee. At the same time, the ligaments lose their ability to stretch, which contributes to pain.
First you need to form a figurative idea of the structure of the knee joint. The shock-absorbing function of the knee joint is performed by the lateral and medial meniscus, which is located inside the joint itself.
Also, taking into account the fact that the knee takes on various loads, this is ensured by the presence of reinforcement by a large number of ligaments, which in turn are located inside and outside the joint.
The knee joint is formed by external ligaments:
Ligaments perform the following functions:
Despite the complex and perfect structure of the knee joint as a whole, this does not protect it from the effects of external factors that lead to various types of injuries and diseases.
In most cases, the cause is ordinary sports or household influences. The whole point is that a person performs actions that do not correspond to the normal functioning of the knee joint ligaments.
For example, sudden jerks among athletes and tennis players, which undoubtedly lead to immediate stress on the joint.
The mechanism of occurrence of injuries and sprains of the knee joint is a specific feature.
It is consistent with forceful influences such as a fall, a collision, frequent impacts on the knee joints with various weight loads, and incorrect alignment of the joint itself.
Based on the causes and mechanism of knee injuries, the final stage of the process is the manifestation of characteristic signs and symptoms.
Most, in a situation of injury, at the first moment cannot decide whether a rupture or sprain has occurred.
So, in the case of a sprained knee joint, the characteristic signs are severe but vague pain.
Due to the uncertainty, when a rupture occurs, it is difficult to determine the exact source of pain.
Swelling occurs. If you try to move your knee, this is accompanied by pain, in some cases, crunching and clicking. If you receive a serious injury, hemorrhages are recorded.
Also, with a more serious sprain, the signs are accompanied by stiffness or inability to move the joint independently.
When trying to stand on your leg, your legs may twist at the knee joint. In this case, constant and involuntary muscle tension is felt.
Symptoms of sprained ligaments are a consequence of irritation of the nerve endings that make up the ligaments, swelling and the origin of hemorrhages in the soft tissues of the joint.
At first, the pain intensifies only when trying to make movements. In some cases, movements may be realized at first.
After a certain time, symptoms appear with increased swelling, pain and limitation in movement.
When receiving injuries and mutilation of the knee ligaments, there are characteristic degrees.
Basically they are displayed in 3 degrees:
You can distinguish a sprained knee ligament from a rupture not only by the presence and level of pain, but also by the level of ability to perform movements of the injured joint.
In the presence of a sprain, there is a limitation in the mobility of the joint.
Reproducing diagnostics, taking into account the intellectual and technical potential of modern medicine, is not difficult.
If the symptoms are located in the part of the injury, swelling is obvious, the volume is increased, and the skin color has acquired a different color, and the patient expresses the opinion that there is equal pain with movement and inactivity, then this indicates the presence of a sprain.
There are technical possibilities:
In this way, you can take the appropriate pictures in the appropriate projections. Using this diagnostic method, you can see the entire structure of the knee joint, taking into account ligaments, tendons and cartilage.
Using the arthroscopy method, an internal examination of the joint is performed. This method is also called the minor surgical method. The method is also used in treatment.
An important point in the event of a knee sprain is first aid.
First, it is necessary to ensure that the victim is immobilized with the complete exclusion of unwanted movements. This will prevent further aggravation of the injury.
You definitely need to wrap your knee in cold material or apply a compress . If severe and increasing pain occurs, you need to take a painkiller and, of course, immediately call a doctor.
Of course, it is advisable not to get into these negative situations and avoid injury in every possible way. And for this you need to be more careful, cautious and vigilant!
But since there is a disease, it needs to be treated.
During the treatment period, it is advisable to adhere to bed rest without making active movements. The load on the sore knee is eliminated.
If the sprain is accompanied by a bruise of the joint and in the presence of hemarthrosis, treatment should be carried out in a hospital setting.
For bruises without blood accumulations, it is recommended to use a tight bandage.
If fluid appears in the joint, it is necessary to fix it with a plaster cast along the ankle and thigh. This bandage should be worn until the fluid disappears.
The purpose of these procedures is to strengthen the muscles and completely restore the normal functioning of the joint.
Additionally, novocaine injections are performed:
This technique is mostly used by athletes.
Ice treatment has the beneficial effect of constricting blood vessels, which helps reduce inflammation.
To do this, simply wrap the pieces of ice contained in the bags in a wet towel and hold them on your knee for up to 20 minutes.
The procedure can be applied 3-4 times a day.
Using an eraser bandage. This provides sufficient protection of the knee joint from unwanted movements.
It is necessary to keep the knee in an elevated position. When lying down, you need to keep your leg higher than your chest, which helps reduce swelling.
The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs helps eliminate pain and swelling. The use of thermal procedures also helps reduce pain.
The procedures are recommended to be used 3-4 times a day.
In addition to the use of medical procedures for sprained knee joints, treatment with folk remedies is possible.
It should be noted that a complete cure in this case is practically impossible.
Recommended ointment recipes for treating sprains:
The recovery process from injury can take quite a long time.
The rehabilitation period can be 2-3 months . It all depends on the level of injury received. It is necessary to begin treatment at the primary expression of the disease.
Taking into account the existence of latent periods of the disease, there is a possibility of an increase in the level of pathology. This also helps to increase the treatment time and the recovery process of the knee joint. The most important thing is to start treatment in a timely manner.
If there is a slight sprain, the victim should be kept at rest for several days.
If the injury is more severe, then you need to pay special attention to the rehabilitation process. In this case, recovery can last up to a month.
For minor injuries, it is enough to train on a bicycle. In this case, repeated flexion and extension of the knee joint occurs. Training should be introduced carefully and gradually increase the load.
To begin with, the duration of training should not exceed 20 minutes per day.
Leg extension and flexion can also be done while sitting on a bench. To do this, you just need to lift your legs and hold them in the air for 3 seconds.
You can use “imaginary” cycling. To do this, you need to lie on your back, raise your legs and imitate riding.
For rehabilitation purposes, methods of therapeutic massage and physiotherapy are used.
Manual manipulations are used that improve blood supply and restoration of the muscle and tendon fibers of the knee joint.
In any case, you need the assistance of a qualified specialist, since gradually the level of load and types of exercises performed will change.
The ability to run, jump, squat, turn and simply walk is provided by the knee joint. It also holds the bones of the thigh and lower leg together.
If recovery from injury is not complete, a person will be limited in all of these capabilities.
Preventing knee ligament injuries is quite simple.
While walking, you need to remain careful and look under your feet, look at what and how you step.
Given the increased risk in winter, you need to avoid frozen and slippery parts of the roads.
Athletes need to warm up and exercise.
You should also not forget about regular physical exercise, which helps strengthen the ligaments.
The knee joint is quite large. It performs important functions in the body: active movement of the legs when walking and running, the bulk of the body weight is held by this anatomical formation.
A knee dislocation is a displacement of the articular surfaces (head of the femur and tibia). This injury is uncommon because this joint is protected by the patella. It is he who often takes the hit.
In this article you will learn how to treat a dislocated knee joint and rehabilitate after an injury at home.
This pathology can occur under various circumstances. Experts identify several etiological factors, in other words, reasons that contribute to the occurrence of knee dislocation:
There are several classifications of this type of pathology. There are several types of dislocations depending on the time the victim sought medical help:
Traumatologists divide all dislocations of the knee joint into two large groups:
Depending on the degree of displacement of the articular surfaces, the following are distinguished:
The following classification is based on the presence or absence of complications:
There are also several types of this injury depending on the direction of the traumatic force:
The injury can be either closed or open. However, dislocation more often accompanies closed injuries. A habitual injury that periodically occurs in the same place is also separately identified.
Habitual dislocation is a consequence of acute injury to the knee joint. This type of pathology occurs even with a slight impact on the knee (sharp turn, awkward movement, lifting heavy objects). In this case, the articular surfaces of the tibia and femur become separated again.
Incomplete displacement of the bones relative to each other may also occur with repeated trauma. In modern traumatology, this condition is called joint instability. The following conditions contribute to the occurrence of this pathology:
This condition requires treatment. Otherwise, various complications arise.
The clinical picture of this pathology is very specific. There are several symptoms that can help identify a knee dislocation:
Diagnosis should be carried out as soon as possible after the development of the pathology, as this will help avoid undesirable consequences. To make a correct diagnosis, you need to consult a specialist (traumatologist).
A set of diagnostic measures carried out in case of suspected dislocation of the knee joint:
The victim, after receiving an injury, must be hospitalized. To do this, you can call an ambulance or take him to the hospital yourself.
Before the arrival of doctors, it is necessary to provide the patient with first aid for a dislocated knee joint:
Treatment of a dislocated knee joint is carried out in a hospital setting. Quite often this injury is accompanied by a state of shock. Therefore, before reduction, adequate anesthesia is carried out, as well as the introduction of intravenous drips of anti-shock solutions: Poliglyukin, Reopoliglyukin. In parallel, they are shown the introduction of saline solution. These activities will help support the functioning of the heart muscle.
Treatment of a dislocated knee joint includes several stages:
If there is damage to ligaments, nerves or blood vessels, then surgery is indicated. During the operation, the integrity of the ligamentous and articular apparatus is restored, and nerve endings and large blood vessels are sutured. Depending on the severity of the injury, the operation may last several hours.
If blood has accumulated in the joint cavity, then puncture of the joint is indicated. After reduction, a soft or plaster bandage is applied to the limb to immobilize it. The immobilization period lasts up to 1.5 – 2 months, depending on the severity of the injury. Patients can move only after the doctor gives permission and only with the help of crutches.
Treatment provided in hospital:
The patient's diet should be complete and balanced; in the postoperative period, preference is given to light foods. Additionally, a course of vitamins may be prescribed.
During the recovery period, folk remedies are widely used. There are many recipes for decoctions and infusions that are used to make compresses and lotions. This is a local treatment that is performed directly on the affected area.
The following recipes will require products that are found in every home. They are economical, accessible to anyone and easy to implement:
The recovery period after this injury is quite long. Its duration depends on the severity of the knee dislocation. Rehabilitation begins 1.5 - 2 months after the dislocation is reduced, when the plaster cast is removed.
Activities that the recovery period includes:
If the treatment was timely and correct, complications occur extremely rarely. While untreated injury often provokes the development of severe consequences, which include:
Now you know what to do if you sprain your knee and how to treat the injury.
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