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Flat feet treatment flat feet

22 May 18

How to cure flat feet in adults?

Normally, due to the fact that the foot has a curved shape in the form of an arch or arc, when walking there is support not on the entire surface, but only on the heel bone at the back and the bases of the 1st and 5th toes at the front. Thus, the following arches of the foot are formed:

  • longitudinal (along the inner edge);
  • transverse (along the base of the fingers).
  • As a result of this structure of the foot, shock absorption occurs when walking on uneven surfaces, and the body load on the foot is distributed evenly. With the development of flat feet, deformation of the arches of the feet occurs in the form of their flattening. It is customary to distinguish the following types of flat feet, depending on the structure of which arch is damaged:

  • transverse? the transverse arch of the foot is smoothed, it becomes wider (more common in adults);
  • longitudinal? the foot lengthens due to a decrease in the height of the longitudinal arch (more typical for children and adolescents);
  • combined? Both types of foot changes are present at the same time.
  • In addition, there are: congenital flat feet? associated with skeletal developmental anomalies, rare; and acquired flat feet? formed as a result of exposure to external factors or diseases:

    • traumatic flatfoot is observed after injuries in the foot area (bone fractures, damage to the musculo-ligamentous apparatus);
    • paralytic flatfoot occurs with various types of paralysis of the muscles of the foot and leg;
    • rachitic flatfoot is observed due to rickets, while the bones soften, and under the influence of load, deformation of the arch of the foot occurs;
    • static flat feet - observed most often, usually in women, and develops due to increased load on the foot.
    • Causes of static flat feet

    • Obesity, pregnancy condition.
    • Forced prolonged standing position.
    • Wearing tight shoes, shoes with a narrow toe, with a heel of more than 4 centimeters.
    • Decrease in the elasticity of muscles and ligaments with age.
    • Heredity.
    • When flat feet develop, the biomechanics of walking are disrupted, the foot compensatory turns outward, followed by the lower leg and thigh. Various consequences are possible:

    • development of osteoarthritis of the joints of the lower extremities;
    • frequent headaches;
    • rachiocampsis;
    • formation of herniated intervertebral discs.
    • Signs of flat feet

      The following symptoms are characteristic of transverse flatfoot:

    • pain in the feet and calf muscles;
    • curvature of the first toe? hallux valgus;
    • thickening of the periosteum in the area of ​​the head of the first metatarsal bone, which looks like a lump at the base of the big toe;
    • formation of corns, deep calluses;
    • cramps of the calf muscles, the appearance of edema;
    • shoes of the previous size become tight and wear out on the inside.
    • Longitudinal flatfoot is characterized by the following symptoms:

    • rapid fatigue of the legs;
    • swelling of the feet in the evening;
    • the formation of a flat-valgus foot - the toes and heel bone rotate outward.
    • Prevention of flatfoot development

      In order to prevent flattening of the arch of the foot, it is advisable to follow the following recommendations:

      1. Control body weight.
      2. Avoid wearing tight, tight shoes.
      3. Women should not overuse high-heeled shoes; their height should be no more than 4 centimeters.
      4. When choosing shoes, you should choose soft leather with flexible soles.
      5. During pregnancy, it is advisable to use orthopedic insoles.
      6. Walking barefoot on the ground, stones, and sand is beneficial.
      7. How to treat flat feet

        Treatment of flat feet in adults involves the use of the following methods:

        1. The use of insoles and orthopedic shoes.
        2. Performing physical therapy exercises.
        3. Conducting massage courses.
        4. Orthopedic shoes are distinguished by the presence of special insoles that ensure the correct functional position of the foot when walking. The sole of such shoes has shock absorbing properties. The use of orthopedic insoles or shoes helps maintain the arch of the foot in a physiological position, which, in turn, leads to the following results:

        5. the load on the feet is reduced;
        6. prevents their fatigue;
        7. joint deformities are prevented;
        8. The shock-absorbing functions of the foot are improved and the load on the spine is reduced.
        9. The use of individual orthopedic insoles has the maximum therapeutic effect. They take into account all the structural features and can be equipped with additional elements (for example, pronators). At home, it is necessary to perform exercise therapy exercises, which are an important and mandatory direction in the treatment of flat feet and allow you to:

        10. correct minor foot deformities;
        11. strengthen the muscles that form the arch of the foot;
        12. improve blood flow;
        13. reduce leg fatigue.
        14. Gymnastics should be carried out regularly, daily, twice a day for 15 minutes. It is useful to do the following exercises:

        15. lifting a small ball with your feet;
        16. gripping a pencil with your toes;
        17. walking on tiptoes;
        18. walking with support on the outside of the feet;
        19. rolling a bottle with your feet.
        20. In addition to physical therapy exercises, you need to perform a foot massage. In this case, the principles of performing massage should be taken into account:

        21. the course must consist of at least 12 procedures;
        22. procedures are performed every other day;
        23. the duration of one session should be at least 10 minutes;
        24. During the massage, you should also pay attention to the muscles of the back and lower leg.
        25. For massage, you can use special massage devices (mats, rollers, balls). It is recommended to take warm foot baths - this helps to relax the muscles. With transverse flatfoot, a so-called valgus deformity of the foot is formed. Depending on the angle of deviation of the first toe, three degrees are distinguished:

          Conservative treatment of transverse flatfoot is carried out only in the first degree and consists of the methods described above. Aimed at relieving pain and preventing even greater deformation of the foot. For grades II and III of this type of flatfoot, surgical treatment is performed.

          Causes, symptoms and treatment of flat feet

          Flat feet are a condition in which the arches of the feet flatten, causing them to lose their shock-absorbing abilities. With flat feet, the shaking during walking has to be compensated by the joints of the legs and spine. As a result, flat feet in children and adults lead to the fact that too much stress is placed on the joints and spine and they quickly fail.

          Flat feet constantly reminds you of itself; a person feels tension and pain in the feet, legs, hips and lower back. Pain occurs when the body is no longer able to provide normal movement, at which time the hip and knee joints are already suffering, and posture is also disturbed. As a result, flat feet in children and adults can cause arthrosis and scoliosis. In addition, the disease is the cause of varicose veins. In advanced stages, it requires long-term treatment and even surgery.

          Main types of flat feet

          The foot has two arches - longitudinal and transverse, therefore the following types of flat feet are distinguished:

        26. Longitudinal flatfoot, in which the longitudinal arch of the foot decreases;
        27. Transverse flatfoot, in which the transverse arch of the foot decreases. Transverse flatfoot is more common;
        28. Combined flatfoot is characterized by simultaneous flattening of the transverse and longitudinal arch.
        29. In addition, flat feet can be divided into acquired and congenital:

        30. Congenital - manifested from the first days of a newborn’s life, associated with a tissue malformation; this type of flatfoot is quite rare;
        31. Acquired - occurs much more often, it can be traumatic, rachitic, paralytic and static. Traumatic occurs with a fracture of the foot and ankle joint, paralytic flatfoot occurs against the background of poliomyelitis and muscle paralysis, and when suffering from rickets, rachitic flatfoot occurs. Static flatfoot is the most common form and occurs for a number of reasons.
        32. What causes flat feet and how to avoid it

          The following are the causes of flat feet:

        33. Hereditary predisposition to weakness of the muscles and ligaments of the foot;
        34. Excess weight;
        35. Lack of physical activity and low activity associated with a “sedentary” profession;
        36. Pregnancy;
        37. Wearing uncomfortable shoes and high heels;
        38. Injuries: ankle fractures, bruises, ligament tears, muscle damage;
        39. Various diseases: rickets, polio.
        40. How to determine the presence of flat feet?

          How to determine flat feet? You can find out if you have flat feet with a simple test. It is necessary to lubricate the entire surface of the feet with greasy cream, then place the feet on a white sheet of paper. You need to stand straight, and you need to rest on your entire foot. The resulting print is then examined. There is a notch on the inner edge of the stupa, which in normal condition should be a little more than half the size of the foot in the middle. If there is no groove or it is too narrow, then you have flat feet.

          Symptoms of flat feet

          So, the following symptoms of flat feet are distinguished:

        41. Shoes wear out by being worn out on the inside, this is especially noticeable in heels;
        42. After physical activity, pain occurs in the feet;
        43. While walking and standing, your legs get tired quickly;
        44. At the end of the day, your legs swell, you may experience cramps and a feeling that your legs are filled with lead;
        45. Walking in heels is painful;
        46. In the final stages of flat feet, pain occurs not only in the legs, but also in the lower back. Against the background of pain in the legs and lower back, headaches begin.
        47. Many symptoms are similar to those of varicose veins, so if you experience the first pain, you should consult an orthopedist.

          1,2,3 degree flat feet

          Depending on the severity of the disease, there are three degrees of flat feet:

        48. Flat feet of the 1st degree is quite difficult to determine. At first it may seem that this is just a cosmetic defect, but pain in the feet occurs after long walks, and after resting for several hours, the pain disappears. With the first degree of flatfoot, the height of the arch is 25-35mm, and there is no bone deformation;
        49. Level 2 flat feet are accompanied by flattening of the foot, which is easily noticeable. The gait also changes, heavy gait and clubfoot appear. The pain intensifies and reaches the knee. The height of the arch in the second degree of flatfoot decreases to 17-23mm. In addition, a noticeable deformity appears on the back of the foot;
        50. Flat feet of the 3rd degree is accompanied by severe changes in the foot and impaired functionality of the musculoskeletal system. Scoliosis, herniated disc, or osteochondrosis may appear. At the third stage of flat feet, acute pain appears, it is difficult for a person to move, and playing sports becomes impossible. To move around, the patient begins to wear orthopedic shoes. Calluses appear on the feet, and the toes become elongated and curved. The height of the arch in the third degree of flatfoot becomes less than 17mm. The protrusion of the heel bone increases and the heel deviates outward.
        51. It is worth noting that when treating flat feet in adult patients, there will not be a complete restoration of the arch of the foot even with timely treatment, but significant improvements will occur. And children have a chance to completely cure flat feet, since in childhood the foot is still developing, so any correction can be performed.

          Methods of treatment for adults

          Once an adult patient has been diagnosed, treatment for flat feet should begin immediately as this will increase the chances of stopping the deformity and allowing the foot to be corrected. Treatment is based on a set of measures aimed at relieving pain and improving muscle tone.

          Pain is relieved with the help of drug therapy and physiotherapeutic procedures: phonophoresis, electrophoresis, therapeutic massage and magnetic therapy. Therapeutic exercises are very important. The orthopedist prescribes individual exercises that the patient must perform every day. Exercises can increase muscle tone and strengthen the ligaments of the body.

          When treating flat feet, it is important to take foot baths with hydromassage. Baths normalize blood circulation and muscle tone. It is also important to use special insoles for flat feet during treatment. It is recommended to start using insoles at the initial stage of flat feet, since they help to distribute the weight load evenly over the entire surface of the foot, while they absorb well.

          All of the above methods can prevent foot deformity, but the effect occurs only in the initial stages of the disease, and in severe cases, surgical treatment may be necessary.

          Transverse flatfoot is treated with surgery. During the operation, the protruding bone is removed, tendons are transplanted, and plastic surgery of the joint capsule is performed. This is a rather traumatic method of correction, therefore, today a more modern method is increasingly being used, which involves adjusting the transverse arch and changing the angle between the bones. This adjustment leads to a natural redistribution of the load on the ligaments.

          Ways and methods of treating flat feet in children

          In children, longitudinal flatfoot is most often diagnosed, for which there is no need to perform surgical intervention. When treating congenital flat feet in children, splints or special plaster casts are used.

          Since the main cause of flat feet in childhood is weak muscles and weak bones, the treatment is tonic in nature.

          During treatment, children are given a tonic massage, and physical therapy is also prescribed. Hardening procedures help normalize blood circulation and increase muscle tone. During hardening, contrast baths are given for the feet.

          Children, just like adults, need to wear orthopedic shoes and insoles. A child should not walk barefoot on a flat surface, but walking barefoot on gravel, sand and grass is beneficial.

          Parents should carefully monitor the baby's gait: the child should place his feet parallel and rest on the outer edge of the foot. The sooner parents begin treatment for flat feet in their child, the greater the chance of stopping its progression and achieving complete healing.

          DOCTOR consultations online

          Patient: Hello, Nadezhda! My left leg (ankles) hurt a lot when walking - flat feet, I’m looking for what I can do to help, I’m 57 years old

          Doctor: are you overweight?

          Doctor: Yes, there is. This means you need to work in several directions

          Do massage and physical therapy

          Take chondroprotectors - for example, Artra

          And be sure to wear orthopedic shoes

          Patient: Thank you, can I massage myself? and just... sorry, I was in a hurry, just on the foot or on the whole leg?

          Doctor: Medical massage is needed, on the foot, ankle and lower leg

          Patient: Hello. Tell me, if after a long walk the outer surface of the foot begins to hurt on one leg, could this be a sign of the development of flat feet? What can you do to prevent this from starting? Thank you.

          Doctor: Hello. Yes maybe. You need to see an orthopedic doctor so that he can refer you to massage and physical therapy, and also recommend certain specialized insoles.

          Patient: is it also possible to see an orthopedist or surgeon?

          Doctor: If you are an orthopedic surgeon, then you can see him. If the surgeon does not have orthopedic specialization, he will not help

          Patient: Thank you for the consultation.

          Treatment of flat feet at home - when else you can help and how to do it

          Before you begin treating flat feet at home, you should thoroughly understand the reasons for the development of this disease.

          The adult foot is a arched structure of bones and ligaments. The shape of the arch allows the foot to act as a shock absorber when walking, running, jumping, and lifting weights.

          The foot springs, absorbing shocks, it takes on the vertical load, protecting the pelvic bones and spine from negative mechanical influences.

          Flat feet is a pathology in which the regular arched shape changes and becomes flattened. Accordingly, the foot no longer absorbs vertical shocks and impacts, and the entire musculoskeletal system begins to suffer from them, from the bones of the lower extremities to the spine and even the base of the skull.

          Flat feet cause the following unpleasant phenomena:

        52. an increase in the size of the feet and their width;
        53. change in gait;
        54. painful sensations when walking and standing for long periods of time;
        55. swelling;
        56. pain in the lower back and spine;
        57. circulatory disorders up to the development of varicose veins (for treatment of varicose veins with hydrogen peroxide and other recipes, read a separate material).
        58. If, in addition, it hurts you to step on your heel, then read about the treatment of a heel spur, because this could be it, but only an orthopedist can give you an accurate diagnosis.

          Causes of flat feet

          About 3% of people are born with symptoms of hereditary flat feet. Predisposition to this disease is transmitted genetically.

          But do not confuse congenital flat feet with physiological, natural flat feet in children. In a small child, the arch of the foot simply has not yet formed.

          Adolescents often develop symptoms of flat feet during the period of the most intense bone growth, when the body does not have time to strengthen the muscular and ligamentous apparatus. In addition, if a child does not play sports and moves little, flat feet develop even more easily.

          In adults, flat feet develop from various factors:

        59. standing work, causing constant vertical loads on the foot;
        60. lifting and carrying heavy objects;
        61. sedentary lifestyle, lack of movement;
        62. excessively active sports that place a high intensity load on the foot;
        63. excess weight, pregnancy;
        64. injuries;
        65. some diseases;
        66. inappropriate shoes, too high heels.
        67. Only an orthopedic specialist can determine the degree and cause of flat feet.

          Flat feet can be of three types:

        68. with a transverse one, the foot becomes wider, as the curvature of the arch along the transverse axis decreases;
        69. longitudinal flatfoot occurs when the foot becomes flatter in the longitudinal direction;
        70. the mixed form is diagnosed when the arch of the foot flattens in all directions.
        71. Treatment of flat feet in children

          In young children, as mentioned above, flat feet are most often a transient phenomenon. As the child grows and develops, the arch of the foot acquires the correct arched shape and no further problems arise.

          However, parents need to monitor the correct development of their children’s legs from birth.

          The set of preventive measures includes:

        72. regular examinations of the child by an orthopedist;
        73. wearing correct orthopedic shoes;
        74. performing therapeutic and preventive gymnastics;
        75. massage.
        76. If a baby is diagnosed with congenital flat feet after birth, home remedies are not enough.

          The doctor will determine treatment methods to follow for several years. But children's feet are very plastic, and in most cases, congenital flat feet can be corrected using conservative methods. In the most severe cases, surgery may be necessary.

          Orthopedic shoes for children

          There are different views on what children's shoes should be. Supporters of one of them are sure that the right children's shoes should have the following qualities:

        77. high and hard back;
        78. a small (up to 1 cm) specially shaped heel that evenly distributes the load on the foot;
        79. lacing or fasteners for good fixation of shoes on the legs;
        80. the presence of a rigid instep support, making the sole almost inflexible, and a pronounced pad in the middle of the insole.
        81. It is believed that such shoes will form the correct arch with constant wear, starting from the first steps.

          Proponents of a different approach agree with the first only on two criteria: the presence of a well-reinforced heel and reliable fixation of the shoe on the leg. The sole should be flexible and the ball of the foot should be small and soft. The insole in such shoes is made thick and soft.

          In any case, shoes should be selected according to the size of the foot. A margin for growth is acceptable, but not more than 5 mm. It is unacceptable to wear shoes that are too tight and uncomfortable.

          Practice shows that for a healthy, normally developing foot, shoes of the second type are optimal, and if you have incipient flat feet or signs of clubfoot, you should prefer shoes that are more rigid. However, it is best to follow the recommendations of the orthopedist.

          It is good for children to go barefoot from time to time. You can purchase a special rug for this, or make a simple device yourself: pour a 2-3 cm layer of round pebbles into a shallow box. The diameter of the pebbles can be from 1 to 3.5 cm in diameter. It is enough to walk on these stones for 20-30 minutes a day.

          It is useful to do simple exercises for flat feet, which fit perfectly into morning exercises or even just games.

        82. Raising on your toes. It is enough to do 10-12 repetitions. You need to start the exercise with your basic stance: your feet are parallel to one another, slightly apart.
        83. Rolling a small elastic ball or round stick with your feet. A solid bouncy ball will do. Instead of a stick, you can use a regular rolling pin. Exercise time: 5 minutes of rolling an object with the entire surface of the foot.
        84. Rotation of the feet. You need to sit down, stretch your legs forward, rest your heels on the floor, and alternately rotate your feet in different directions. 10 times to the right and 10 times to the left.
        85. Walking on opposite sides of the foot. 10 steps on the outside, then 10 steps on the inside, then 20 steps changing the fulcrum at each step.
        86. Roll the foot while standing from heel to toe - 10 times.
        87. Flexion and extension of toes - 3 minutes.
        88. Holding a small ball with your feet. Another option is to move small objects from place to place, holding them with your toes.
        89. The whole complex takes no more than 20-30 minutes daily. After performing the exercises, it is recommended to massage your feet.

          The massage should include techniques such as kneading the foot, rotating it, and gently stroking it in an upward direction. For massage, you can use special devices: massagers with soft spikes, lumpy balls. Massage with bamboo sticks is especially good, but it must be performed by a specialist.

          Treatment of flat feet in adults

          Unfortunately, in adults, treating flat feet at home will not eliminate the pathology completely and can only bring relief. An alternative would be a surgical operation, during which the osseous-ligamentous apparatus of the foot is almost completely reconstructed. Such an intervention is quite traumatic and does not guarantee 100% results.

          However, homemade, publicly available methods of treating flat feet can greatly make life easier for the patient, reduce pain, and stop the further development of the disease.

          The basis of treatment is therapeutic exercises for flat feet, massage and the right shoes. Supplements include baths and special creams that improve blood circulation in the feet and reduce swelling.

          Physical therapy includes the exercises already described. An adult can increase the number of repetitions of each exercise and their intensity. In addition, you can add other exercises for other muscle groups that are subject to increased stress due to flat feet. These are the muscles of the legs and thighs, the muscles of the buttocks and back. A doctor or trainer can select the correct sequence of exercises individually, but you can do them at home.

          It is better to perform massage 2-3 times a week, in courses of 10-15 procedures, or once a week constantly. You can partially replace regular massage with a bath and hydromassage.

          Shoes for flat feet

          Women should avoid wearing high heels. Although completely flat shoes are also undesirable. Ideal shoes for flat feet should have a small heel, up to 4 cm in height. The shape of the heel should ensure its stability. It is advisable to have a good backdrop.

          The main requirement for shoes is the correct orthopedic insole. It is better to have it made to order, according to the shape of your foot. As a last resort, you can purchase ready-made ones in specialized stores.

          An orthopedic insole can significantly improve your well-being and reduce the stress on your feet.

          If you have flat feet, you should avoid jumping and prolonged running on hard surfaces. Swimming, dancing and barefoot walking are recommended.

          By combining the recommended methods for treating flat feet, you can achieve noticeable relief of the condition even at home and minimize the unpleasant manifestations of flat feet.

          Flat feet - treatment and prevention

          Flat feet is a disease that is characterized by deformation of the arches of the feet (their flattening). With the development of flat feet, the arch of the foot ceases to fulfill its main function - uniform distribution of the load. There is a violation of the shock-absorbing properties of the foot.

          Degrees and types of flat feet

          As you know, the human foot basically has two arches - longitudinal (location is the inner edge of the foot) and transverse (represents an arch formed in the front of the foot by the heads of the metatarsal bones). In the absence of any violations, these two arches and the ligamentous-muscular system work as a single whole, evenly distribute the load and help the body maintain balance. However, due to a number of reasons, an imbalance occurs in the operation of this system. The longitudinal arch of the foot begins to flatten ( longitudinal flatfoot ) or spread across the width of the forefoot ( transverse flatfoot ). When both deformities are combined, they speak of combined or longitudinal-transverse flatfoot .

          According to the nature of the course of the disease, it is customary to distinguish 4 stages of longitudinal flatfoot :

        90. pre-disease (prodromal stage);
        91. intermittent flat feet;
        92. development of flat foot;
        93. planovalgus foot.

    Depending on the degree of the disease, flat feet are distinguished:

    According to the etiology of the disease, flat feet are divided into:

    The most common type is static flatfoot. Learn more about the degrees and types of flat feet.

    Diagnosis of flat feet

    In order to prescribe timely and adequate treatment, it is necessary to diagnose the disease. Modern methods for determining flat feet allow a specialist to make the most accurate diagnosis and, in accordance with the physiological characteristics of the patient, determine an individual treatment regimen.

    Diagnosis of flat feet today includes several main methods:

  • visual - performed directly by an orthopedic doctor and directly depends only on his professionalism;
  • tensometry – computer diagnostics of flat feet, which allows, using a special tensometric apparatus, to make a complete calculation of all deformations of the patient’s foot;
  • X-ray - X-rays are taken in frontal and lateral projections. On a direct projection image, an orthopedic doctor determines the angles in two areas: the head of the first metatarsal and the calcaneus. A lateral X-ray makes it possible to measure the height of the heel itself.
  • Treatment methods for flat feet

    Treatment for flat feet should begin as early as possible. Timely detection of the first signs of this disease makes it possible to minimize further deformation of the feet, thereby creating favorable conditions for its correction. Treatment of flat feet in the general case is a whole range of measures that are aimed at reducing and relieving pain, as well as strengthening the muscular-ligamentous system.

    To relieve painful sensations, medications are widely used in combination with physiotherapeutic procedures: magnetic therapy, phonophoresis, electrophoresis, therapeutic massage. The basis of treatment for flat feet of any kind remains therapeutic exercises. There are a number of special exercises that need to be performed daily. A set of therapeutic exercises is selected individually by an orthopedic surgeon depending on the nature of the disease and the physiological characteristics of the patient. In addition, it would not be amiss to combine such exercises with exercises that contribute to the general strengthening of the muscular and ligamentous apparatus.

    A significant place in the treatment of flat feet is occupied by daily foot baths with warm water, hydromassage of the feet, as well as therapeutic massage of the lower legs and feet. Such procedures help normalize blood circulation and muscle tone.

    The use of orthopedic insoles is of particular importance for the prevention and treatment of the disease. Moreover, their use is recommended already at the initial stage of the disease. The effectiveness of orthopedic insoles is based on the ability to evenly distribute the load over the surface of the foot. In this case, some of its parts are unloaded, and the insole acts as a shock absorber. The foot returns to its normal position.

    The above treatment methods can minimize or prevent the progression of foot deformity. However, they help achieve the desired effect only in the initial stages of the disease. For severe foot deformities, surgical treatment . This treatment method is most often used for transverse flatfoot, when there is a fairly severe deformation of the big toe. Today, many methods are practiced to correct such deformity, but practically no operation can relieve weakness of the muscles and ligaments of the foot. Surgical treatment often involves removal of the protruding bone and subsequent plastic surgery of the joint capsule with tendon transfer. This method of correction, of course, is very traumatic, and sometimes can lead to repeated deformities and even partial disruption of some functions of the limb. However, modern medicine does not stand still and today there is a method for correcting thumb deformities, which is characterized by its low invasiveness. The essence of this technique is to correct the transverse arch of the feet and change the angle between its bones. As a result of such changes, a natural redistribution of the load on the ligaments occurs. In addition, thanks to special technology, a good visual effect is achieved.

    Features of flat feet in children and methods of its treatment

    Normally, the arch of the foot in children under two years of age is still quite flattened. This is due to the physiological characteristics of human development - at an early age, bone tissue is still quite elastic and soft. A child’s foot, in comparison with an adult’s foot, has a number of differences: it is short and wide, and the toes do not fit tightly together. Children's feet are not adapted to long-term loads; they get tired very quickly and are more susceptible to deformation. Most often, children's feet are susceptible to longitudinal flat feet.

    Flat feet in children can be congenital, which is determined already in the maternity hospital or at the first appointment with an orthopedist, when the child is one month old. Congenital flat feet can be associated with a number of reasons: heredity, developmental defects. For a congenital disease, treatment should begin from the moment the diagnosis is made. To correct congenital foot deformities, special plaster casts or special splints are often used. However, congenital flat feet are quite rare.

    Often, flat feet are acquired. There are several main physiological reasons for the development of flat feet in children at an early age:

  • weak bones;
  • weak muscular-ligamentous apparatus.
  • An important role for the treatment of flat feet at an early age is played by therapeutic massage and physical therapy. To improve blood supply and increase muscle tone, a set of hardening procedures is used, for example, contrast douches for the feet.

    A special place in the prevention and treatment of flat feet in children is occupied by the use of special orthopedic shoes or orthopedic insoles. A child should not walk barefoot at home, especially under the age of two, since the floor surface is flat and the arch of the foot is not yet fully formed. But in the summer, walking barefoot on a sandy beach, fine gravel or grass is even recommended.

    Preventive measures

    Prevention of flat feet in children

  • the right choice of shoes from the first steps - shoes should be comfortable, light, fit the size, have a hard back and effectively fix the foot, have a high-quality arch support and a 3 mm heel;
  • walking barefoot on sand, fine gravel, grass;
  • hardening procedures for legs;
  • foot massage;
  • complex physical exercises (for older children).
  • Prevention of flat feet in adults

  • minimizing the constant load on the legs - you should give your legs a rest, especially for people whose professional activities involve constantly being on their feet;
  • choosing the “right” shoes – you should avoid wearing narrow, uncomfortable shoes, especially high heels or flat soles. Shoes should be true to size, not restrict movement, have good arch support, and the heel height should ideally be 3-4 cm;
  • exercises for the legs - you should perform simple physical exercises daily or at least use special massage mats;
  • walking barefoot - when walking barefoot on a rough surface, be it pebbles, sand, fine gravel or grass, blood supply to the feet improves, which also has a beneficial effect on the tone of the muscular-ligamentous apparatus;
  • orthopedic shoes – having a predisposition to such a disease as flat feet, orthopedic shoes are perfect as a preventive measure. The only caveat is that such shoes should only be selected by a specialist (orthopedic doctor), because incorrectly selected orthopedic shoes (or orthopedic insoles), especially in the presence of the initial stage of flat feet, will inevitably lead to worsening foot deformity.
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    How does flatfoot develop?

    The human foot is unique: it springs due to its design. The foot has two arches: transverse, which is located between the bases of the toes, and longitudinal, which runs along the inner edge of the foot. The arches of the feet are supported by a system of ligaments and muscles. Not a single animal, not even a kangaroo, has a springy foot.

    A healthy foot helps a person maintain balance and reduces shaking when walking. If the musculo-ligamentous mechanism of the foot weakens, the foot becomes flat and does not absorb the load. This is how flat feet arise.

    The disease develops gradually and often unnoticed by a person. At first he feels a little pain in his legs and feet. Legs get tired faster after walking or working in a standing position. By the end of the working day, the legs swell and a feeling of heaviness appears. After rest or massage, symptoms go away.

    With flat feet, shoes wear out faster, especially on the inside. The foot increases in length or width, you have to buy shoes a size larger. Women find it difficult to walk in heels.

    How to determine flat feet

    If you suspect you have flat feet, apply oil or cream to your feet. Stand on a piece of white paper and examine the print. Less than half the width of the foot should be printed on the sheet. If the footprint is much wider or the entire foot is imprinted, you have flat feet.

    Causes of flat feet

    The disease is caused by various factors:

  • increased physical stress on the legs;
  • excess weight;
  • wearing narrow, uncomfortable shoes or high-heeled shoes;
  • rickets, polio, diabetes mellitus;
  • hereditary predisposition;
  • pregnancy.
  • Older people are more susceptible to flat feet due to aging and decreased muscle strength. The foot is more often deformed in people who spend a lot of time standing at work: salespeople, hairdressers, machine operators, surgeons.

    Transverse flatfoot occurs in 55 cases out of 100. The disease most often develops at the age of 35-50 years. With transverse flatfoot, the transverse arch of the foot becomes flat, the foot - in short, the first toe deviates outward.

    Longitudinal flatfoot occurs in every third case of the disease. Develops between the ages of 16 and 25 years. With longitudinal flatfoot, the longitudinal arch becomes flat, the foot is almost completely in contact with the floor, and the size of the leg increases. The more a person weighs, the more severe the disease manifests itself.

    Based on their origin, the following types of disease are distinguished:

    • Congenital flat foot. The diagnosis can be made after 6 years.
    • Traumatic flatfoot occurs due to fractures of the ankles, heel bone, and tarsal bones.
    • Paralytic pes planus develops due to paralysis of the plantar muscles of the foot and lower leg.
    • Static flatfoot occurs in 80% of cases. It occurs due to weakening of the muscles of the lower leg, foot, ligaments and bones.
    • Degrees of flat feet

      There are several stages of flat feet.

      Flat feet of the 1st degree are almost invisible. After physical activity, fatigue occurs in the legs, the foot hurts when pressed, and swells in the evening. The gait becomes less flexible.

      Flat feet of the 2nd degree is accompanied by severe constant pain in the foot. The foot becomes flattened, the arches disappear. Pain in the leg rises to the knee joint. It is difficult for a person to walk.

      Level 3 flatfoot is the most severe stage of the disease. Accompanied by severe pain in the feet, legs, and knees. The lower back and head often hurt, and the toes become hammer-shaped. A person has difficulty walking even a short distance and cannot wear regular shoes or play sports.

      Why is flat feet dangerous?

      The foot with flat feet loses its shock-absorbing property, and the shock wave spreads up the skeleton. As a result, the load on the spine and joints increases, and intervertebral discs become pinched. A person’s gait changes, he begins to clubfoot. In advanced cases, the foot becomes deformed, a “bone” appears on the big toe, and blood circulation in the legs is disrupted.

      Flat feet progresses quickly, so it is important to immediately consult a doctor if pain in the foot occurs. The symptoms of flat feet are similar to the symptoms of varicose veins. To make an accurate diagnosis, you will need a comprehensive diagnosis.

      The doctor at the Health Workshop clinic in St. Petersburg will examine the patient’s foot, check the reaction of the arches and muscles to stress, and study the characteristics of the gait. Our specialists use the following diagnostic methods:

      Treatment of flat feet

      Doctors at the Health Workshop clinics in St. Petersburg have been treating flat feet using conservative methods for more than 14 years. Conservative treatment relieves foot pain and stops the progression of the disease. To restore the correct shape of the foot, corrective insoles are used. Only an experienced doctor can select them.

      The doctor prescribes an individual course of treatment for each patient at the Health Workshop clinic, taking into account the stage of the disease, the shape and position of the foot, and the characteristics of the body. Treatment for flat feet in adults will take from 3 to 6 weeks. We treat using the following procedures:

      Treatment of flat feet at the Health Workshop helps get rid of foot pain, strengthens the ligaments and muscles of the foot, and corrects the arch of the foot. Conservative methods normalize metabolism and improve blood circulation. The patient develops a correct gait, strengthens the immune system and improves well-being.

      After completing the course, the doctor gives the patient a manual with exercises to practice at home. The doctor will select exercises individually depending on the shape of the foot and advise how often you should exercise.

      To prevent flat feet, doctors recommend:

    • swimming, walking barefoot on sand, grass, pebbles, earth, sideways on a log;
    • do not get carried away with weightlifting, skating, skiing - they overload the foot;
    • play sports in sports shoes, change them every six months;
    • massage: knead and stroke the foot with your fingers or using a massage roller;
    • during a long drive, take breaks and stretch your legs;
    • make foot baths with sea salt, tincture of chamomile, sage, oak bark, mint, immortelle;
    • wear soft leather shoes with low heels - 4-5 cm;
    • give up tight, uncomfortable shoes and stiletto sandals;
    • wear socks without seams so as not to restrict blood circulation.
    • How to start living without pain and worries

      or call us at +7 (812) 309-82-03

      Telephone consultation

      A medical consultant will ask about your symptoms, select a suitable doctor, tell you about the cost of procedures and make an appointment for an initial appointment.

      The doctor will examine and question you. If you already have the results of MRI, ultrasound and x-rays, he will analyze the images and make a diagnosis. If not, he will write out the necessary directions.

      During the course of treatment, repeated appointments with the attending physician are unlimited and free.

    • Create a convenient schedule. Clinics are open daily from 8:00 to 23:00.
    • Complete 15 to 30 treatments 2-3 times a week.
    • Pay for your treatment on the day of your appointment and receive a discount of up to 12% or the procedure as a gift.
    • Maintain your results after completing the course of treatment.

      The doctor will give you a manual with personal recommendations for daily exercise. Try to exercise regularly to prevent the pain from returning.

      Free preventive examination

      After 3 months we will call and invite you for a free inspection.

      The doctor will ask about your health and, if necessary, recommend diagnostic and supportive procedures.

      The “Health Workshop” employs doctors of the highest, first and second categories. Our specialists have from 5 to 40 years of experience in treating diseases of the spine and joints. The doctor draws up a course of treatment, taking into account the patient’s profession and lifestyle, previous injuries and operations. Orthopedists and neurologists of the clinic regularly take advanced training courses and study professional literature.

      Panfilova Nadezhda Iovovna

      Gabdrakhmanov Rustam Fanilievich

      Lisina Elena Arkadyevna

      Karpukhina Valentina Ivanovna

      Maslenin Maxim Igorevich

      Khislavskaya Elena Vladimirovna

      Charin Yuri Konstantinovich

      Zhartanov Oleg Alekseevich

      Kustova Marina Leonidovna

      Savelyev Viktor Anatolievich

      Egorov Vladimir Leonidovich

      Bogoslovsky Sergey Ivanovich

      Kryukov Alexander Sergeevich

      Belyaev Evgeniy Mikhailovich

      Cherkashin Gennady Vasilievich

      years is the average length of service of our doctors

      Over the years, our doctors have relieved pain from 60,000 patients. But even now we highly appreciate every positive review and sincere words of gratitude.

      I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. A.A. Kryzhanovsky. for good treatment, I would really like to see him again. Also to my attending physician Savelyev V.A. for their attentive and responsible attitude towards their patients. And, of course, I would like to highlight chiropractor S.N. Paronko. for his wonderful hands. I will definitely recommend it to all my friends and, of course, will come back again. Thank you!

      Alekseeva Svetlana Nikolaevna, 69 years old

      I sincerely thank the attending physician Savelyev V.A. for high professionalism, effective treatment, correct, friendly attitude, patience. Many thanks also to Paronko S.N. for help and recommendations, Bogdanova T.G. for physical therapy classes, detailed explanations, recommendations and responsiveness. I would like to express my gratitude to all the doctors and nurses who carried out various procedures in accordance with the prescribed treatment, as well as the administrators on duty and the consultant. Thank you very much everyone! You help a lot!

      Khaikina Rosa Ilyinichna, 85 years old

      I, Elektrona Viktorovna, am very grateful to the Health Workshop clinic for the assistance provided. I heard nothing but kind words and respectful attitude from all employees. Thank you, dear employees, for your sensitive and kind attitude towards us, your patients.

      Litvikova Elektrona Viktorovna, 87 years old

      I completed the full course of treatment and was very satisfied, as all my complaints and pain were a thing of the past. All procedures were carried out quickly and efficiently. The team is very attentive, caring, responsive, and goes along with all the patient’s requests and wishes. I thank everyone for the help they provided me, since nowhere else could I have received such treatment so quickly. I especially thank my attending physician E.V. Khislavskaya. I wish you all good luck in your difficult work. Thank you very much!

      Ryabova Antonina Nikolaevna

      I, Alexander Sergeevich Naumov, took a course of back and cervical massage with Oleg Vladimirovich in February - March 2018. I have had many massages in my life, but they all pale in comparison to the massages of this specialist! There is no fuss or excess in his movements. His hands seem to know and feel what the patient’s back and neck are asking for. His hands are strong and hot. Real healing energy emanates from them. Oleg Vladimirovich’s massages bring incredible pleasure and relief. Relief after his massages against the backdrop of 40 years of torment with back pain - it looks like magic! I express my deep gratitude to Oleg Vladimirovich! Thank you!

      Naumov Alexander Sergeevich

      I contacted the Health Workshop clinic at the beginning of January 2017: for 3 months I had been suffering from pain in my legs, I had difficulty walking, every movement caused pain. I had an appointment with neurologist Valentina Ivanovna Karpukhina, a wonderful doctor, who immediately correctly diagnosed me and prescribed procedures. At first I didn’t believe in the success of the treatment, but as soon as I started doing reflexology procedures (needles), getting injections from the wonderful doctors Vladimir Yuryevich and Mikhail Vladimirovich, I immediately felt that the pain was disappearing, and later I began doing manual therapy from the very attentive osteopath Felix Sergeevich, who directed all his efforts to make me feel better with each of his procedures, gave advice and recommendations. Every time I came to the clinic with the greatest pleasure, since all the procedures were painless, everyone: from doctors and nurses to consultants at the reception, were very attentive and friendly. Many thanks to all the doctors - they are really interested in the patient’s recovery, they do everything with their souls. I recommend this clinic to everyone, because no amount of money can buy health, but here everything is in a complex, at a convenient time. All procedures are combined and have already been worked out for this disease. I will only contact you here.

      Shustova Angela Zavkievna, 48 years old

      Many thanks to the staff of the medical clinic for their warm, responsive attitude and willingness to help. Special thanks to Renat Azgarovich and Oleg Alekseevich for the attentiveness and effectiveness of my treatment. Thanks to Svetlana, Ekaterina, Alexandra - kind, smiling and sensitive workers. I really liked the clinic: warm, cozy, professional.

      Yugapova Galina Viktorovna, 70 years old

      Very professional, friendly and attentive. Many thanks to all the staff of the clinic, especially E.V. Khislavskaya, A.A. Kabaylov, S.N. Gubernatorov.

      Shishova Natalya Yurievna, 67 years old

      Thanks to the clinic staff for their conscientious work, attention and kindness. I express special gratitude to chiropractor Sergei Nikolaevich Paronko, ozone therapist Alexandra Anatolyevna Shkarupa and attending neurologist Rustam Fanilievich Gabdrakhmanov.

      I wish the entire team of the clinic health and happiness, creative success.

      Svitnev Vladimir Evgenievich, 79 years old

      Many thanks to all the doctors and staff of the Health Workshop!

      Shalikova N.F., 84 years old

      I thank the Health Workshop team for the treatment they provided me. Especially to the individually treating doctors Angel Ankhelevich Kabailov, Sergei Nikolaevich Paronko, Yuri Konstantinovich Charin and Vadim Anatolyevich Pak. Good health and success in your work to everyone. I would like to note the good work of the young consultants. They are very polite and attentive.

      Demidenko T.G., 86 years old

      I express my sincere gratitude to Yuri Konstantinovich Charin for his competence, attention and conscientiousness in his work and treatment of the patient. I wish Charin Yu.K. health and success at work.

      Shalnev Alexander Stepanovich, 70 years old

      I am grateful to the team of the Health Workshop clinic for their attention and kindness to patients. The treatment had a positive effect. Thank you!

      Maksimova G.G., 54 years old

      I express my heartfelt gratitude to the Health Workshop team, personally to Dr. Sergei Nikolaevich Paronko for his professional attitude, for his golden hands that heal us and prolong our healthy life. At Dr. Paronko S.N. I was treated 2010-2012-2017, when the clinic was located on Polyustrovsky Prospekt and the treatment result was excellent. I wish him good health for the benefit of us patients.

      Antipenko Vera Fedorovna

      I express my deep gratitude to Dr. Rustam Fanilievich for the treatment he prescribed for me and for his attention, thank you for the medical care.

      I would also like to note all the medical staff, they are very attentive. Having arrived at the clinic along the wall, today I leave as a full-fledged person! Thank you for being.

      Demyanchuk Liliya Edwardovna, 55 years old

      I, Ivanova N.V., am undergoing treatment at the Health Workshop clinic. I would like to express my gratitude to the massage therapist Dmitry Vyacheslavovich Nikolsky. An excellent specialist, he does massage very well. Feels the body. I am very grateful, thank you very much.

      I thank the team for their professionalism and sensitive attitude. Personal thanks to chiropractor Kirill Valerievich Podnesinsky. I wish you further success in your noble activities.

      Bukina Alina Evgenievna, 64 years old

      I express my deep gratitude to the entire team and wish them to be just as kind and attentive. I am satisfied with the treatment.

      Plich Lyudmila Mikhailovna, 83 years old

      I thank all the employees of the Health Workshop for their exceptionally warm and attentive attitude. Special thanks to the physical therapy doctor Igor Vasilievich Panin. This is a very qualified, attentive doctor who helped me a lot. I want to come to this wonderful institution again and again.

      Byailina L.Ya., 80 years old

      In your clinic I gained strength, communicated with smart, tactful people. A little bit about yourself. Despite my scoliosis, oddly enough, I didn’t do much back work and did exercises irregularly. My lifestyle is quite active - I walk quite a bit, go to the countryside.

      At the center I receive support and guidance. A high service culture and the opportunities provided are valuable.

      I thank the doctors and nurses for their understanding and their efforts. Especially the attending physician Elena Vladimirovna Khislavskaya. The prescribed procedures only benefit me. The pressure is normal. And this is great, given my tendency to hypotension. Exercise therapy doctor Igor Vasilievich Panin proved to me that physical education is the only salvation in my situation

      Doctors Kiryanova O.Yu., Kryzhanovsky A.A., Pak V.A. - these are professionals who are not indifferent to the problem.

      The nurses are very attentive. I wish you success in your noble cause, and that there are fewer neglected and elderly patients like me.

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