According to statistics, almost every child under 5 years of age who has deviations in the development of the feet (40-80%) is also diagnosed with “planovalgus deformity of the feet.” It is accompanied by the following deviations:
The maximum percentage is observed in children of primary school and preschool age. Although there are cases when this diagnosis may be considered inappropriate.
The shape of the foot, formed during evolution, ensures an even distribution of body weight. The bones of the foot, connected by strong interosseous ligaments, form its arch, the role of which is to provide maximum shock absorption during running and walking. Convex arches are oriented in two directions - transverse and longitudinal. Therefore, normally, an adult foot has three points of support - the head of the first metatarsal bone, the calcaneal tubercle and the fifth metatarsal bone.
In children, flattening of the arch of the foot usually occurs during the period when the baby is just taking his first steps; This is due to quite serious loads on the legs when trying to take a step. Of course, you can’t expect your baby to have perfectly correct foot placement or a “hip-based” gait immediately after he first stands on his feet. You shouldn’t panic or immediately give up your sports or military career.
As a rule, the first complaints from parents arise when the child takes his first independent steps. In this case, it is necessary to clearly distinguish between the physiological flattening of the arch of the foot of a child who has not yet reached the age of three years, and the actual flat-valgus deformity, which already requires the supervision of an orthopedic doctor. Until the age of three, children have a “fat pad” on the plantar aspect of the foot, so the arch of the foot is not visible with a simple visual inspection. But it will be noticeable if you ask the baby to stand on his tiptoes. Bone tissue in a child continues to form until the age of 5-6 years, so only during this period does it make sense to start talking about the absence or presence of plano-valgus DEFORMITY in the child as such.
Although it is worth keeping in mind that flat-valgus feet in children can lead to such negative consequences as:
In some cases, the diagnosis of “valgus feet” is made to the child while still in the maternity hospital. In this case, the disease is congenital (vertical ram).
Causes of foot deformities
1. Connective tissue dysplasia (78%). Polluted water and air, poor quality food lead to the fact that the connective tissue, which is the basis of the ligamentous apparatus of the joints (as well as all other organs), is formed incorrectly.
2. Incorrect children's shoes (soft models with flat soles that are not able to properly fix the foot).
3. The child does not engage in physical education in preschool institutions and in the family.
4. Genetic and endocrine (diabetes, thyroid diseases) disorders.
5. Osteoporosis (damage to the skeletal bones).
6. Various foot injuries.
Doctors identify a number of theories that can explain the etiopathogenetic mechanisms:
Doctors distinguish three degrees of severity of planovalgus foot deformity: mild, moderate and severe. The so-called rocking foot (vertical ram, paperweight foot) is the most severe degree of deformity. It is detected immediately at birth, the incidence of detection is 1 in 10,000 newborns. The etiopathogenesis of this deformity has not yet been fully studied. As the most likely cause of the deformity, doctors identify a malformation of the embryo and a delay in its development at one of the stages of embryo formation.
Normal foot parameters:
The height of the longitudinal arch of the foot in preschool children can normally be 19-24 mm.
The mild degree is characterized by the following parameters:
The foot is the basis, the “foundation” of our body. And if the foundation is crooked, then a level, reliable house cannot be built on it. Plano-valgus deformity of the feet entails valgus (X-shaped) deformation of the knee and ankle joints, incorrect position of the pelvis, and poor posture. Curvature of the axes of the spine and limbs leads to overload of the muscles, which will unsuccessfully try to hold the body in the correct position. The result is the appearance of pain, early development of arthrosis, osteochondrosis.
Taking into account all of the above, parents need to understand that flat feet are a serious problem only when the feet are not only flat, but also cause discomfort to the baby when walking or running. If, when rising on his toes, the arches of the baby’s feet look normal and do not bother him in any way, then treatment is not required.
If flat feet are also painful, rigid (stiff), this is a completely different situation. Here you need the help of an orthopedist who regularly deals with feet in order to correctly assess the severity of the pathology and develop adequate tactics for managing the patient. This can be either orthotics using specialized shoes, or surgical treatment in various options:
1. Grice's operation (subtalar arthroeresis).
Before treatment After treatment
2. Dobbs method for the treatment of vertical talus (staged casting followed by percutaneous fixation with a Kirschner wire).
The Dobbs method involves conducting 5-6 sessions (one per week) of gentle manual correction of foot deformities. Each session ends with casting of the involved lower extremities, aimed at reliably holding the feet in the position of maximum possible correction. In this case, a plaster cast is applied from the upper third of the thigh to the fingertips with the knee joint bent to 90°.
Soft tissues in children are quite extensible, which allows from session to session, gradually, without anesthesia, to eliminate dorsiflexion, pronation and abduction of the forefoot and bring them to a position of supination, varus and plantoflexion. In 5–6 sessions, the anatomical relationships in the joints of the middle and hindfoot are clinically and radiographically normalized. The last stage consists of two surgical procedures: fixation of the talonavicular joint using a Kirschner wire in the correct position (percutaneously, under the control of an image intensifier) and a complete percutaneous achillotomy.
After these manipulations, a plaster cast is applied for up to 8 weeks. After the knitting needles are removed, the child is in plaster boots (without fixing the knee joint; with a longitudinal arch laid out; with the possibility of full support on the legs). Then, in order to prevent recurrence of foot deformities, children are prescribed an orthopedic regimen of wearing braces until the age of 4. As after treatment using the Ponseti method, children wear braces at the first stage 23 hours a day (for 4 months), then the wearing time is gradually reduced, and subsequently the braces are worn only during sleep (night and day). The difference from the Ponseti method is only in the angular adjustments of the foot abduction. Subsequently, children treated using the Dobbs method wear orthopedic shoes with a longitudinal arch.
3. Various soft tissue and arthrodesis operations.
It is necessary to understand that when making a diagnosis and treatment, all nuances must be coordinated with both the orthopedist and doctors of related specialties (massage therapist, exercise therapist, physiotherapist, etc.).
You can get a preliminary consultation with specialists on the condition of your child’s feet by filling out an online consultation form (for a child under one year old with photographs of the feet, over 1 year old with photographs of the feet and a video of walking).
Planovalgus foot deformity is a certain decrease in the height of both arches of the foot and curvature of its axis. In this case, the heel and toes look outward, but the middle section of the foot is tucked inward.
This type of flatfoot is very common; according to recent estimates, 50 percent of all foot deformities are due to planovalgus deformity. Most often, this disease occurs in children of primary school or preschool age.
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The most common cause of planovalgus deformity is dysplastic changes in the foot skeleton and weakness of the tendon-muscular system of the lower extremities.
There are several types of flatfoot deformity:
If the disease is started, then after a very short time the ligaments and tendons in the legs will begin to weaken or may stop functioning altogether. This is what can provoke various changes in joints and bones. The longer this disease is ignored, the faster and more it progresses.
A very large deviation of the thumb will most likely lead to deviation of the next one, since the thumb will put a lot of pressure on the adjacent one, and so on. In addition, it is worth remembering that the lump on the bone will quickly grow and in the near future may acquire large sizes and an incredible shape. Most sufferers of planovalgus foot deformity mistakenly believe that this is just a minor deviation, but this is not the case at all.
First of all, planovalgus deformity of the feet can provoke very severe physical pain, not only in the feet, but also in the legs in general. In addition, fatigue will increase significantly, and you should completely forget about heels and high platforms. So what to do? If the disease is at the initial stage, then self-treatment at home will be sufficient. To do this, you need to regularly do the exercises below and wear special insoles. But if the disease is already advanced, then you need to consult a doctor.
The same exercises can be done with a child if he suffers from this disease. But it is worth remembering that you should not expect your child to accurately complete all the exercises. You need to work with him while playing, so as not to discourage him from positive emotions and interest, only then will the result become noticeable. And when working with a child, you need to reduce the number of repetitions of each exercise to five times.
The main condition is that classes are daily and systematic. Doing the exercises is the most important and most difficult thing, since it cannot be delegated to anyone else, but rather done by yourself.
In addition to daily exercises, you also need a daily restorative massage, not only of the feet, but also of the hips, buttocks and back, as well as the internal muscle group of the lower leg.
As for the muscles of the lower leg, those muscles that are located outside and in front, under the knee, are of particular importance here. During the massage, it is necessary to do kneading, rubbing and stroking movements, three approaches per day, each lasting at least five minutes. With this disease, it is necessary to take several courses, with a break of four weeks. You can entrust the massage to a specialist, but you can do it yourself.
In addition to exercises and massage, it is necessary to have special corrective shoes with a heel wedge, instep support and a rigid high heel.
The treatment takes place completely individually, the first results will become visible after a week of regular classes. For some, the disease goes away after a month, and for others - after six months.
Surgical treatment for planovalgus foot deformity is performed very rarely and only in very advanced cases. The percentage of patients who require surgical intervention is no more than five percent. If surgery is really necessary, then plastic surgery of the inner surface of the foot and tendons is performed.
Hallux valgus in children is a form of flatfoot. There is a shift inward to the axis of the lower extremities, which leads to the formation of an X-shaped arrangement of the feet, shown in the photo above. The pathology is recognized while walking, as the child steps on the inside.
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The causes of leg deformities are related to several factors. Often the pathology occurs in premature babies or during the formation of intrauterine malnutrition. In some cases, weakness of the connective tissue affects. Various diseases suffered in childhood can also lead to hallux valgus:
The foot can be placed flat in the following situations:
The causes of leg damage are also associated with obesity. Congenital dislocation of the hip or hip dysplasia has a negative impact on the child’s condition. It is important to take into account the forms of pathology, since in this case the hallux valgus deformity in a child has its own characteristics. The following types are distinguished:
The formation of congenital leg deformities is observed during the intrauterine development of the child. The acquired form is associated with problems that have arisen that affect the musculoskeletal system. The causes of formation are represented by improper development. Hypotonia of the muscle tissues of the legs contributes to the formation of this condition. Injuries to the lower leg and other parts have a negative impact.
Hallux valgus in children has several stages of development.
At stage 1, the foot is flat, but the deviations are 10-15°. If parents take steps to treat the child, the disease can be easily eliminated.
If the deviation of the feet is 15-20°, then the child has developed stage 2. The necessary efforts will allow you to get rid of the disease of the lower extremities, so there is no reason to worry. The situation is different for grade 3. A curvature of 20-30° can be corrected, but therapy will need to be carried out over a long period of time.
A severe degree is a condition in which the foot is flat and the deviation from the norm is 30° or more. Complex therapy affecting the lower leg, feet and other parts of the legs may not lead to a positive result. In this case, surgical tactics are prescribed to get rid of the defect of the lower extremities.
Hallux valgus in children in most cases appears when they reach 1 year of age. Damage to the lower leg and foot is noticeable due to external signs. When walking, the child does not use the entire surface of the foot, but only the inner side. In this case, parents contact a pediatric specialist to begin treatment.
What signs will help identify foot deformity?
The presented manifestations characterize the initial stage of development of hallux valgus. Further changes are determined through diagnostics.
To diagnose abnormal foot placement in a child, parents take the child to a pediatrician. To confirm the diagnosis, the specialist refers the patient to a pediatric orthopedic traumatologist. During the examination, the degree of change in the foot is determined.
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In order to make a final diagnosis, instrumental examination techniques are used:
To obtain accurate data on the condition of the legs, an x-ray is taken in 3 projections. This will allow you to notice pathological changes. When performing computer plantography, morphological parameters are calculated. During podometry, not only the load is assessed, but also its distribution to different parts of the children’s feet. Ultrasound diagnosis of the joints of the child’s lower leg and legs is necessary to clarify the diagnosis.
Treatment must be carried out in a timely manner, otherwise the child’s foot pathology may remain with him for life. To avoid such a fate, a variety of treatment methods are used:
The effectiveness of exercises has been proven by many experts. It is important to choose the best option for the complex, which will take into account the baby’s age and the characteristics of the development of the pathology. The exercises should be selected by an experienced specialist - a rehabilitation specialist or an orthopedist. However, it is possible to perform simple elements at home. Adults need to remember that children love games, so exercises should be presented in a playful way. You can get acquainted with the elements in the photo or video in the article, and the following procedures are suitable for classes:
Often the proper load is not placed on the feet, which is why hallux valgus occurs. You can create a load artificially, which is why children's massage is used. The goal of the procedure is to relax the muscle tissue on the outside of the foot and tone the internal areas of the lower extremities. Such treatment should only be carried out by a specialist with experience. During the procedure, attention is paid not only to the feet, but also to the back, lower legs, buttocks and lower back. Plano valgus deformity should be treated in courses, repeating classes after 3-4 months.
Treatment with baby massage is also carried out for preventive purposes. The procedure normalizes blood circulation and strengthens muscle tissue. If it is not possible to undergo the procedure, then you can walk on uneven objects and surfaces. The benefits of such treatment for the child are enormous.
Another component of therapy is wearing special shoes and using orthopedic insoles. Orthopedic shoes for children with hallux valgus play an important role. To fix the foot in the desired position, children's insoles with an elevation in the inner part are used. The effectiveness of the treatment of hallux valgus deformity is great because the choice of the subject occurs on an individual basis. The anatomical characteristics of the foot, its size and degree of deformation are taken into account.
If wearing children's insoles is not enough, the specialist will recommend using orthopedic shoes. This method of therapy is effective for severe curvatures. However, shoes are required to be worn at all times. This requires certain measures, since it is not always comfortable for a small child to wear it.
Surgery is used in rare cases. Even with a developed pathology, doctors do not undertake to correct the situation by surgical intervention. Surgery is resorted to only in the presence of severe forms of hallux valgus.
If treatment for hallux valgus deformity was started in a timely manner, and all instructions were followed, then the prognosis is extremely favorable. The initial stages of the disease are easily eliminated, you just need to make the necessary efforts. After therapy, it is recommended to adhere to preventive measures. Similar actions are necessary for any baby. From the first months of a child's life, massage is performed. To strengthen the muscle corset, special gymnastics are used.
The child's body is demanding when it comes to nutrition, so a good diet is the basis for a child's health. The food must be of high quality; there can be no other question. During feeding, they adhere to the established diet. To strengthen muscles and prevent rickets, consume foods with vitamin D. It is recommended to consult a specialist before introducing certain foods into a child’s diet.
However, not only nutrition is one of the main ways to prevent hallux valgus. Choosing the right shoes is another challenge for parents. The size should be suitable for the child, and the shoes themselves are made of quality materials.
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Thus, the foot requires careful handling and care. Hallux valgus is not a rare phenomenon, so being fully prepared is the task of any parent. A whole range of measures will help rid the child of the problem; you need to promptly recognize the disease and begin to eliminate it.
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Today, orthopedists diagnose flatvalgus feet in children very often. This deformation consists of the sinking of the inner part of the foot. That is, the straight axis that goes from the lower leg to the foot is curved. Visually, you can also see that the height of the outer arches of the foot decreases. The internal longitudinal arch of the foot disappears. A characteristic feature of planovalgus foot deformity in children is the position of the legs in the form of the letter “X”. This will be clearly visible if the child stands up straight.
Valgus flatfoot can in rare cases be congenital, but more often it is a deformity that develops in children under 3 years of age. This position of the foot becomes noticeable when the baby takes his first steps. At this stage, parents should react and show the child to an orthopedist.
Valgus flatfoot can be of two forms: congenital and acquired. Congenital deformity is diagnosed by doctors already during the first month of life. This disorder develops during intrauterine development. Quite often this occurs due to genetic predisposition.
Congenital plano valgus deformity can occur in very severe forms. For example, these are the rocker foot and the vertical ram. Rocker foot most often develops in babies with Edwards syndrome. Vertical talus is a complex foot lesion, as its treatment requires surgery. Most often these are operations on tendons in the form of their transplantation, lengthening, or adjustment of the scaphoid bone, etc. But sometimes they get by only with plaster casting.
With an acquired form of deformity, the structure of the foot changes under the influence of various factors. This usually occurs due to a weak and not yet perfect tendon-ligament apparatus, etc.
The main cause of valgus flatfoot in children is weakness of the musculotendinous aponeurosis of the foot. And since after a year the child’s load on the musculoskeletal system is quite large, the legs begin to bend and the feet sink inward. Accordingly, all the arches and arches of the foot develop incorrectly.
Factors that provoke valgus flatfoot also include:
Doctors note that hallux valgus can develop due to improperly selected shoes for the child. Wearing shoes with flat, soft soles, without a hard back and instep support is contraindicated. Especially for children under 3-5 years old.
The risk group also includes children who lead a sedentary lifestyle if the child does not perform any physical exercise.
Flat valgus feet of the congenital type often appear in premature babies, and in the case when the child is underweight in the womb.
Visible signs of this foot deformity in a child are:
Parents may also notice other symptoms in their child:
There are 4 main stages of plano valgus foot deformity. At the initial stage, the curvature does not exceed 15 0. Many children have this disorder, but it is very easily and quickly corrected, provided that the parents noticed the problem in time.
At the second stage, the curvature of the foot already reaches 20 0. This degree of damage requires longer treatment, but it gives a positive result.
At the third stage, it is necessary to treat flat valgus feet in children in a comprehensive manner, and the treatment will be lengthy. The heel at this stage deviates by 30 0. And the fourth stage is diagnosed in cases where the curvature becomes more than 30 0. This deformity can only be corrected by qualified specialists through surgery.
The diagnostic process begins with a visual examination of the child by an orthopedic doctor. Next, to determine the degree of deformation of the child’s foot, the child is referred for other studies. Among them:
The orthopedist will refer the little patient for a consultation with a neurologist to accurately determine whether there are diseases of the central nervous system. Other specialists who will need to be visited are a surgeon and an endocrinologist.
Treatment of flatvalgus feet in children is necessary at any stage of deformity. It depends on the degree of damage. The main goal of therapy is to restore the normal position of the foot. At the first stage, it will be enough for the child to wear the correct orthopedic shoes and engage in physical exercise. There are special gymnastics for the feet that parents can perform together with their child in a playful way so that he wants to be treated. Sometimes at this stage a course of therapeutic massage is also prescribed. Such treatment measures help strengthen muscles and ligaments locally.
Conservative treatment for other stages of flat valgus foot in a child consists of paraffin therapy, therapeutic massage and gymnastics. They also use physiotherapy in the form of electrophoresis, magnetic or electrical muscle stimulation.
Paraffin therapy is carried out in children's clinics. Paraffin wraps are done on the entire foot and extending to the lower leg, like a high boot. After this procedure, you can begin the massage. This will be quite effective, since the muscles are softened after paraffin.
If a child has hallux valgus, then therapeutic massage should only be performed by a qualified specialist. You can do it at home if a specialist has given permission and instructed your parents.
If all methods of conservative treatment do not have an effect or the stage at which the parents turned to the doctor was advanced, then surgical treatment is used.
Treatment of planovalgus foot deformity can be carried out using the Dobbs method. This involves manual correction of the feet and plaster casting. About 6 procedures are required, which are carried out at intervals of one week. After each week, the position of the foot during casting changes. The cast begins from the middle of the thigh, the leg is bent at the knee. At the end of this stage of treatment for flat valgus feet, the doctor must fix the talonavicular joint in the correct position. And for fastening, the doctor installs a Kirschner wire, which is inserted through the skin. The cast should fix the leg for about 2 months. After this, a plaster cast is applied in the form of a boot. Next, braces are recommended, that is, special shoes that have the desired shape. The child should wear them constantly, and only after some time they should be put on during daytime and nighttime sleep.
Planovalgus foot deformity can also be corrected using minimally invasive surgeries. This changes the angle between the bones and, as a result, the tension of the ligaments increases.
It is very important to diagnose hallux valgus in a timely manner, since as the disease progresses, the musculoskeletal system will be increasingly affected. This is fraught with the appearance of clubfoot, scoliosis, and flat feet. This is also a prerequisite for the appearance of arthrosis, arthritis, diseases of the cervical spine and constant pain in the legs.
To maintain the therapeutic effect of therapy, the child must wear specialized orthopedic shoes. All shoes should reach the level of the shin and have a rigid arch support. Be it sandals or boots.
You need to purchase an insole for planovalgus feet, which can be inserted into any shoe. But only on the condition that these are high shoes.
It is very important that the child, in addition to doing daily exercises and leading an active lifestyle, does gymnastics for the feet. It is prescribed by a doctor, but the simplest exercises are:
Valgus deformity of the feet in children appears in the first year of their life. Most often, this disease is diagnosed by the appearance of the foot .
If a child, when walking, does not step on the entire foot, but on its inner part, then it is imperative to seek help from specialists.
At the same time, the baby has an awkward gait. The child's steps are very uncertain, and when walking you can often hear shuffling. When walking, the baby gets tired very quickly.
Hallux valgus in children, the causes of which can be varied, is characterized by an X-shaped foot
All these symptoms can be seen in any child at the initial stage of this disease. The disease appears a little later.
If over a certain period the child has not been able to learn to walk confidently, then it is necessary to contact a doctor.
A pediatrician can diagnose the disease. To confirm the preliminary diagnosis, he will refer the baby for examination to a pediatric orthopedic traumatologist.
This specialist will examine the foot and determine the degree of deviation of the heels and toes.
In order to make a final diagnosis, the child may be referred to undergo one of these diagnostic methods:
An x-ray of the feet is performed in three views, so you can see changes in the positions of the feet in relation to one another. Using computer plantography, various morphological parameters of the foot are calculated. Podometry evaluates the distribution of load on different parts of the child’s foot.
Hallux valgus in children can have two forms:
In the congenital form of this disease, deformation of the bones of the foot occurs in the womb.
The second form of this disease appears as a result of imperfections in the musculoskeletal system. Also, the cause of this disease can be improper development of the musculoskeletal system. The most favorable condition for the development of this disease is muscle hypotension.
Valgus deformity of the feet in children can also occur in premature infants and with intrauterine malnutrition. Congenital weakness of connective tissue or frequent illnesses in children at an early age can also cause this disease.
These diseases include:
Plano valgus foot deformity can occur as a result of the following neuromuscular diseases:
Obesity is also a cause of this disease. It can occur as a result of dysplasia, congenital dislocation of the hip.
Hallux valgus in children has four stages of development.
Dr. Komarovsky believes that a flat valgus foot in a child is not a serious disease. It is quite easy to treat. Parents only need to identify this disease in time. At the first signs of a curvature of the foot, parents should first bring their child to the pediatrician.
Valgus deformity of the feet in children, Komarovsky, which everyone knows about, manifests itself from the 1st degree. This degree is quite easy to treat. The doctor says that if the disease is noticed at the first stage of development, treatment will be carried out using therapeutic methods. But, if the disease is severe enough, then surgery cannot be avoided.
The doctor believes that the child’s development should take its course. That is why you should not put a newborn on his feet before 7 months . Also, from the second month of life, the child should receive vitamins that prevent the occurrence of rickets.
With this disease, the child must walk around the house barefoot. This procedure not only strengthens the child, but also allows the foot to form correctly.
In this case, the surface should not be very flat and smooth; orthopedic mats are well suited. These exercises are very often used as therapeutic exercises.
Hallux valgus in children has several treatment methods. All of them are aimed at restoring the normal shape of the foot.
Today there are two most effective methods of treating this disease:
Flat valgus foot is therapeutically cured using electrophoresis, magnetic therapy, as well as electrical stimulation of the muscles of the lower leg and feet. All these treatments are performed in clinics using special equipment.
With this disease, it is imperative to perform massage . It is necessary to massage not only the feet, but also the back, lumbar and gluteal region, joints and muscles of the legs.
Initially, the baby must be placed on his tummy on a table or bed so that his legs hang down. A pad in the shape of a cushion is placed under the child's shins.
First you need to massage your back. It must be ironed from the lower back to the neck. Stroking should be smoothly turned into light rubbing, which is done with your fingertips. The back massage ends with stroking.
The lumbosacral region must be massaged in a similar way.
The buttocks are massaged by stroking the baby crosswise. Stroking should smoothly transition to rubbing with the backs of your fingers. You need to finish the massage with stroking.
Leg massage is carried out in the following sequence: stroking the legs, boder, kneading the muscles of the back of the leg and skin, patting the legs and stroking. The feet are massaged in the following sequence: stroking, rubbing, kneading, shaking, stroking.
Look and take note of the exercises that are done in the exercise therapy room of the clinic when massaging hallux valgus in children.
If the degree of this disease is 4th and therapeutic treatment is powerless, then surgery is performed. Thanks to this action, hallux valgus in children, the treatment of which also involves a recovery period, completely disappears.
Flat valgus foot, the operation of which is carried out by specialists, resolves only if all recovery conditions are met.
Hallux valgus in children, for which massage must be done regularly, goes away only if all treatment rules are strictly followed. This is why prevention is necessary.
Flat valgus feet may develop in a child if he is placed on his legs before reaching 7 months of age.
Also, for the purpose of prevention, it is necessary to massage the child from the first months of his life . The baby also needs to do gymnastics, which is aimed at strengthening muscles and ligaments. At the same time, the child must eat high-quality food. When feeding your baby, you must strictly adhere to the diet.
A child’s shoes should not only match the size of the child’s feet, but also be of high quality. In order to prevent the disease from progressing, mothers should regularly visit a pediatrician with their children.
The child also needs daily food. In order for the baby’s muscles to be strong, he needs to be given vitamin D, which prevents the occurrence of rickets in children.
Hallux valgus in children is a fairly serious disease. At the first signs, you should immediately consult a doctor. Do not risk your child's life by self-medicating.
The life of a child, especially in his first year, is quite eventful, first of all, for his musculoskeletal system. This is the time when he learns to roll over, crawl, sit, stand up, and walk. So many mechanisms will not be used in any other year of a person’s life within 12 months. Therefore, it is not at all surprising if failures, overloads, and damage occur in one of the links in the chain of a child’s body.
One of the main features of the musculoskeletal system is the formation and functioning of posture and foot. Their development is directly related to the child’s attempts to stand on his feet and walk. And quite often, doctors note that a child has a disease such as plano valgus deformity of the feet, which occurs both as a result of congenital characteristics and during periods of intensive walking.
Posture and legs experience simultaneous stress as the child becomes able to stand or walk. The balance that he tries to maintain with his body, placing it vertically in space, certainly puts a certain load on the entire skeletal system of the body.
In some cases, the disease develops due to existing congenital flat feet. The average age when flatvalgus feet are most often observed in children is 5 years. By this time, in many children, parents begin to notice incorrect foot placement when walking, as a result of which they consult a doctor to receive timely and effective treatment.
The main symptoms that should alert parents and which indicate that the child’s musculoskeletal system has problems are:
As a rule, it is the deformation of the foot, expressed by flattening, as well as incorrect positioning of the foot when walking, when the child does not rest entirely on the entire surface, but only on the inner part, as if bending it, that causes anxiety in parents. If these symptoms are not detected in a timely manner, complications quite unfavorable for the musculoskeletal system can occur.
Symptoms indicating that the child's musculoskeletal system is suffering may go unnoticed by some inattentive parents. In this case, the child runs the risk of receiving a number of other serious consequences in addition to the existing disease.
• Curvature of the knees in an X shape;
• Arthrosis and arthritis;
• Systematic pain in the legs;
• Problems with the cervical spine and, as a result, migraines.
Despite the prevalence of the disease among children, it has very good reasons for its appearance, if you do not take into account the congenital nature of the disease, which in medicine has the term “vertical ram”.
Planovalgus foot deformity has various causes that can cause the disease even in an infant. True, in this matter it is important to take into account that the form of the disease can be either congenital or acquired. Therefore, in children under 3 years of age, we can talk about changes in the foot that occurred during intrauterine development.
In turn, by the age of 4-5 years of a child’s life, planovalgus feet appear as a result of many reasons, which are determined by the doctor as a result of an examination.
Establishing the cause of a child’s foot curvature requires immediate therapy, which is carried out using different methods.
This disease directly depends on its degree and form. When a diagnosis is made in the maternity hospital, when there is a congenital form, treatment is prescribed as quickly as possible, literally from the first month of life.
Treatment of planovalgus foot deformity aims to correct the curvature and fix it. Thus, it is important not only to overcome the defect, but also to consolidate the result.
As a rule, medications are rarely prescribed as part of therapy. Their use is necessary in case of systematic or temporary headaches or pain in the legs. Medications from the analgesic group relieve the symptom, but not the cause, so doctors provide treatment primarily of an external nature, namely:
In the case of acquired deformity, when flat valgus feet are diagnosed, as a rule, the doctor prescribes gentle treatment, but again, it all depends on the degree of the disease. But it should be noted that this is just a conservative treatment. There are quite serious cases that require not just exercises and massage, but surgical intervention.
It is important to understand that the question of prescribing gentle therapy or performing surgery can only be decided by a doctor. In turn, parents, no matter how savvy they are with information from open sources, should not resist the treatment of their child.
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