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Big toe joint surgery

20 Sep 18

Big toe joint surgery

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Arthrosis of the big toe

Arthrosis of the big toe is a common form of arthrosis of the foot joints. This disease is popularly called “bone” and is often confused with gout, but the cause of the disease has nothing to do with excess uric acid.

The problem is a violation of metabolic and trophic processes in the tissue of hyaline cartilage. During arthrosis, structural changes in the joint lead to partial or complete immobility, which causes difficulty when trying to take even a step. On top of that, in the absence of treatment, an unaesthetic problem of a protruding growth appears and severe pain, which can accompany a person day and night.

Arthrosis of the big toe is a universal human disease, inherent in both men and women, but in the “weaker sex” it manifests itself much more often.

This selective manifestation is the result of a specific set of risk factors.

Despite its clear localization (joints only), arthrosis of the big toe is a multi-cause disease. The manifestation of its symptoms is preceded by a number of reasons. Among them:

  • hereditary predisposition;
  • domestic and professional injuries (arthrosis of the thumb is a characteristic disease of football players and ballet dancers);
  • narrow and uncomfortable shoes;
  • excess weight with regular loads on the legs;
  • severe hypothermia;
  • congenital and acquired leg deformities (flat feet, developmental pathologies);
  • problems with the endocrine system, hormonal imbalances and changes (thyroid disease, diabetes, menopause, steroid use, etc.);
  • long-term loads on the foot area (with low physical activity);
  • age-related changes.
  • If you notice that you have two or more risk factors for the development of arthrosis of the big toe, you should think about undergoing preventive examinations. We have extensive experience in identifying arthrosis at the earliest stages and treating all stages.

    • Rapid fatigue of the legs;
    • pain syndrome (pain can be aching or sharp);
    • "weather" sensitivity;
    • poor circulation in the feet (toes and feet are cold);
    • joint stiffness, periodic “crunching”, especially with sudden movements;
    • swollen and inflamed tissue around the “bone” of the thumb;
    • deformation of the articulation area;
    • nodules (Heberden) on the surface of the joint.
    • This list includes symptoms of different stages of the disease. Depending on the individual characteristics of the patient, they may appear earlier or later, so at the slightest sign of a problem you should consult a specialist.

      Be careful! The widespread spread of the disease has given rise to many traditional methods of treating arthrosis; as a result, patients turn to doctors in the later stages.

      Stages of arthrosis of the big toe

      1st stage . It may be asymptomatic at first. The feet quickly get tired, cold, and periodic “aches” and “torsion” appear in the joint of the big toe. Gradually, the general discomfort is replaced by limited mobility of the joint when walking and periodic aching pain.

      Stage 2 . A characteristic symptom is the appearance of callus growths on the outer part of the foot, due to forced redistribution of the load. The pain intensifies and accompanies every movement of the leg, becoming continuous over time. The joint swells and surrounding tissues become inflamed.

      Stage 3 . The pain becomes unbearable, accompanying the patient even at rest. A joint deformity occurs: the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe grows, the toe itself moves into the plane of the foot and down. The period of complete destruction of the joint and fusion of bones into a fixed joint is sometimes identified as the 4th stage of the disease.

      Attention! Timely detection of the disease at the 1st stage of arthrosis allows you to stop the development of the pathological process.

      Depending on the stage, symptoms and causes, conservative or surgical methods are used to treat arthrosis of the thumb. In some cases, these areas are used comprehensively.

      Conservative treatment

      It is based on symptomatic treatment and supportive therapy aimed at eliminating the symptoms of arthrosis and regenerating damaged cartilage tissue (stopping destruction).

    • anesthesia;
    • elimination of inflammation;
    • improved blood circulation;
    • cartilage regeneration.
    • Drug treatment involves the balanced use of injectable and oral drugs, as well as local agents to achieve the main therapeutic goals: pain relief (analgesic group - analgin, spasmalgon, etc.), relief of inflammation (non-steroidal and steroid drugs), regeneration of cartilage tissue (use of chondroprotectors and supporting substances), improving blood circulation.
    • Manual therapy and exercise therapy to restore the anatomically correct position of the joint elements and prevent subsequent deformation.
    • Physiotherapy methods are aimed at treating arthrosis of the thumb using UHF, laser and magnetic therapy, electrophoresis, etc. The methods actively restore blood circulation, trigger the processes of regeneration of cartilage tissue and gradually relieve pain.
    • Use of orthopedic devices (insoles - arch supports, special shoes, etc.).
    • In parallel with a set of conservative techniques, work is being done to address the causes of arthrosis (excess weight is eliminated, orthopedic shoes are prescribed, etc.).

      Surgery

      If conservative treatment methods are unable to cope with the restoration of normal motor activity of the joint and the pain syndrome is not relieved, a decision is made on surgical intervention. As a rule, this situation occurs at the 3rd stage of development of arthrosis of the big toe and is accompanied by:

    • complete or almost complete destruction of the cartilage tissue of the joint;
    • continuous pain;
    • poor sensitivity to medications.
    • Until recently, the basis of surgical treatment was the traditional approach using either radical techniques:

      • resection arthroplasty – resection of deformed areas of the joint;
      • arthrodesis – treatment of pain syndrome by immobilization of the joint;

      Other methods of surgical treatment are currently used:

    • arthroscopy – joint sanitation: removal of the damaged meniscus, particles of destroyed cartilage tissue from the cavity of the joint capsule;
    • cheilectomy – removal of deforming growths on the surface of the phalanges of the finger and articular capsule.
    • osteotomy – shortening, corrective osteotomy of the proximal phalanx of the finger or 1st metatarsal bone, removal of deforming growths on the surface of the phalanges of the finger and articular capsule.
    • Radiographs of the feet: a. arthrosis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP) degree 2, b. metatarsophalangeal joint after osteotomy of the phalanx of the big toe and the first metatarsal bone.

      Such interventions are effective for arthrosis of 1-2 degrees, so in the world of restorative medicine there is a shift towards the treatment of arthrosis with endoprosthetics.

      a.b. appearance of the foot with arthrosis of the first PFJ, c. X-ray of a foot with arthrosis of the big toe

      g.d. Radiographs of the foot after arthroplasty of the big toe joint.

      We have been performing endoprosthetics of the first metatarsophalangeal joint for 7 years (complete or partial replacement of damaged parts of the joint with endoprosthesis components).

      Many years of experience working with small joints allows us to perform similar tasks of any complexity with excellent and good results in the long term.

      Everything about legs, leg diseases and their treatment

      Treatment of arthrosis of the big toe

      If left untreated, joint diseases can lead to disability. Osteoarthritis of the big toe is a disease in which the cartilage is destroyed and the periarticular tissues become inflamed. Sometimes this disease is called bunions. Do not self-medicate! It is better to seek help from a doctor to cure the disease, and not to aggravate the situation even further. Let's take a closer look at the main symptoms and causes of arthrosis in the toes, as well as what treatment will help get rid of it.

      Why does the disease occur?

      When wearing tight shoes, the big toe suffers from strong pressure, which causes it to begin to move inward and press against the rest of the toes. If the toe is excessively deviated, the foot often rubs in this place and is injured. The finger becomes blocked and immobile. The main reasons for the development of arthrosis in the toes are as follows:

    • Getting a foot injury. For example, if a person bruises his leg very badly or twists his foot;
    • Foot deformity;
    • Flat feet;
    • Wearing narrow shoes for a long time;
    • The structure of the foot is a very wide bone.
    • to contents ^

      Symptoms of arthrosis

      Due to inflammatory processes, the foot becomes less elastic, which is why it gradually begins to crack due to shoe friction and collapse.

      The symptoms of the disease are as follows:

    • When walking and doing physical activity, a person feels severe pain in the finger area;

    • The joint gets tired very quickly and becomes stiff;
    • Weather dependence, which manifests itself in the form of pain and aching of the finger or the entire foot when the weather changes;
    • When a person moves his leg, a crunching sound is heard in the joints;
    • A growth or callus appears on the finger. The big toe joint then becomes deformed and a lump forms.
    • If you have the listed symptoms, you must visit a doctor to undergo the necessary examination and treatment.

      Stages of disease development

      Considering the severity of the inflammatory process in the foot, experts distinguish the following stages of the disease:

      1. During the first stage, rapid fatigue of the legs is observed;
      2. During the second stage, calluses appear on the feet. Symptoms such as swelling of the toes and the appearance of soft growths on small joints are also diagnosed. The patient suffers from physical pain;
      3. In the third degree, the thumb begins to deform. The pain is felt constantly. The patient begins to limp. As a result, arthrosis of the metatarsal joint may develop, the joint space narrows, and osteophytes and cysts form in the area of ​​the periarticular tissues.
      4. Taking into account the severity of the disease and its main symptoms, the doctor prescribes individual treatment. It is aimed at eliminating pain, as well as restoring the patient’s normal motor activity as much as possible.

        Treatment must begin with weight loss. Since it is the extra pounds that put a lot of stress on the feet, especially the big toes. Therefore, the patient is assigned a special diet, which is recommended to be strictly followed.

        This diet will help eliminate the causes and factors that provoke inflammation in the joints and destruction of cartilage tissue. With a disease such as arthrosis of the toes, cakes, pastries, sweets and other products containing fast carbohydrates should be strictly prohibited. The diet is also recommended to forget about alcoholic drinks, as they contain a lot of carbohydrates.

        Experts for arthrosis recommend eating vegetables, fruits, and dairy products rich in B vitamins and calcium. It is useful to prepare dishes from low-fat varieties of fish.

        Important! Consult your doctor to determine which diet is best for you to optimize your diet.

        Treatment of arthrosis of the big toe is carried out using the following methods:

      5. Orthopedic advice. Buy shoes that suit your foot shape. Don't buy shoes that are too narrow. For sports, wear wide sneakers or sneakers. As recommended by your doctor, wear special pads between your big and index toes every day. Thanks to this layer, they will not come into contact with each other. You can buy such devices at a pharmacy;
      6. Treatment with physiotherapy. The foot is treated using magnetic and laser radiation. Mud and radon baths will help you improve your health. It is useful to apply compresses with medical bile to the thumb area;
      7. Balms and ointments that are rubbed into the fingers every day will help in treating the disease;
      8. If the finger has moved, a chiropractor will help correct the defect. To relieve blockage caused by joint displacement, a special foot massage is recommended;
      9. To eliminate severe pain and relieve spasms, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. Treatment of arthrosis can be carried out with chondroprotectors, for example, alflutop and arteparon;

    • After eliminating pain, daily therapeutic exercises are recommended. You can stretch your big toe. Wrap it with a large rubber band, move it to the sides towards the other fingers and fix the position for ten seconds. It is useful to pick up pebbles with your toes. This exercise develops joints and eliminates stiffness;
    • If conservative treatment methods do not eliminate the symptoms of the disease, the doctor is forced to resort to surgical treatment. Before the operation, the patient is given an x-ray. Based on the image, the intervention method is selected - arthroscopy, osteotomy, arthrodesis or joint resection.
    • Even during surgery, treatment with chondroprotectors and anti-inflammatory drugs should be continued. If therapy is carried out in a timely and correct manner. You can very quickly help a person cope with arthrosis of the big toe.

      Traditional medicine for arthrosis

      Before starting treatment for a disease with traditional methods, it is recommended to consult a doctor. Traditional medicine recipes:

    • Lubricate the green outer side of burdock leaves with pharmaceutical turpentine. Applying the leaves to the foot, secure them with a bag and a woolen scarf. It is recommended to apply the compress overnight. The course of treatment with burdock is three months. If a strong burning sensation is felt during this procedure, the compress should be done next time without adding turpentine;
    • Chop and place washed beef or pork bones in a pot. Dig the container into the ground and cover it with firewood. Set them on fire. Season the bones well. The resulting bone tar is used to lubricate the big toe. This folk method of treatment helps with arthrosis, arthritis and even rheumatism;

    • Wash and finely chop the aloe leaves. Dilute 50 grams of juice with honey (100 grams) and vodka (150 grams). Let it sit in the dark for at least one week. The resulting product is used in the form of a compress.
    • Now you know the main factors in the appearance of such a disease as arthrosis of the toes, as well as how to treat it using traditional and traditional medicine to eliminate pain and discomfort.

      No need to treat joints with pills!

    • inability to move easily and comfortably;
    • pain during or after exercise;
    • inflammation in the joints and swelling;
    • Have you ever experienced unbearable joint pain? Judging by the fact that you are reading this article, you or your loved ones are faced with this problem. And you know firsthand what it is:

    • discomfort when going up and down stairs;
    • unpleasant crunching, clicking not of your own accord;
    • causeless and sometimes unbearable aching pain in the joints.
    • You've probably tried a bunch of medications, creams, ointments, injections, doctors, examinations, and, apparently, none of the above has helped you. And there is an explanation for this: it is simply not profitable for pharmacists to sell a working product, as they will lose customers! This is precisely what leading rheumatologists and orthopedists in Russia jointly opposed, presenting a long-known popularly effective remedy for JOINT PAIN, which REALLY TREATS, and not just relieves pain! Read more.

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