When the soft tissues of the body are damaged due to falls or impacts, small blood vessels rupture, leading to the formation of hematomas. This type of injury is called a bruise. In this case, visible damage to the skin, as a rule, is not observed.
Children get bruised quite often. Therefore, parents need to know the simplest methods of first aid and be able to treat bruises with folk remedies in order to avoid negative consequences after such injuries.
• If you receive a bruise, in order to avoid the formation of a bruise, you need to apply a cold compress to the damaged area of the body as soon as possible. It is better if it is a heating pad with ice or very chilled water.
• If such a heating pad is not at hand, we use a cloth for a compress, which should be soaked in cold water as often as possible, changing it as necessary. With the help of such a compress, it is possible to avoid increasing bruising and reduce swelling of the bruised area.
• Applying fresh white cabbage leaves also helps relieve swelling - a very good folk remedy. The effect will be stronger if the leaves are crushed into a fine paste, applied to the bruise and wrapped with a bandage on top.
• Treatment of bruises with folk remedies can be carried out with such a very effective mixture. Prepare a mixture of vegetable oil, 9 percent vinegar and cool boiled water. It is necessary to mix a tablespoon of these ingredients and soak a soft cloth in the solution and apply it to the sore area. Cover the top of the compress with film and tie it with a warm scarf. Several such procedures will be required to reduce the consequences of the injury to a minimum - swelling and fluid accumulation will go away.
• Hot baths with a saturated salt solution will help get rid of bruises after hurting your arm or leg in a short time. Half a pack of salt is dissolved in 10 liters of hot water and the injured limb is immersed in this solution for 40-60 minutes. Read more about “Salt treatment.”
• Treatment of joint bruises is carried out in the same way as treatment of soft tissue bruises. Rubbing the injured area with camphor alcohol due to its warming effect will also relieve the inflammatory process.
• If there is milk, then compresses for bruises are made from it. A piece of fabric is soaked in very hot milk (as much as can be tolerated), cellophane and a warm scarf are placed on top. These compresses are made all day long, changing them as they cool down.
• If you mix a couple of teaspoons of vinegar essence in a liter of water and soak a cloth in this solution and apply it to the sore area, then two days of such procedures will be enough to completely get rid of the consequences of the bruise.
• For those for whom treatment of bruises with the folk remedies indicated above usually does not help, we can advise using a compress from badyagi. The recipe for preparing badyagi infusion is very simple: you need to mix the powdered herb with boiled water in a 1:2 ratio. The resulting pulp is applied to gauze or soft cloth and applied to the bruised area. The action of this folk remedy is especially effective in the first minutes after injury and will help completely avoid bruising.
In everyday life, sometimes there is such an annoying misfortune - injuries. Bruises, as always, happen inopportunely, ruin our plans, spoil our nerves. But is everything so scary? Let's try to figure it out. We'll give you advice on how to best cope with a bruise and help your body heal itself.
The most common leg injury is a bruise. Usually some part of the leg is injured: Thigh, Shin, Knee, Toe.
A bruise is a closed tissue injury (connective, muscular, nervous, vascular) without bone fracture.
photo of leg bruise
As a result of injury you can get:
When a bruise occurs, the integrity of the skin is not compromised, but the underlying tissue may be significantly damaged. There is a rupture of blood vessels, fatty tissue, and connective fibers. This is accompanied by inflammation of a traumatic nature: pain, swelling, redness.
Thigh bruises. There is a lot of loose subcutaneous fat here, so extensive hematomas can form. If the injury is strong and oblique, then the skin and fiber are torn away from the fascia and cavities are formed. A large amount of blood flows there. In this case, the function of the limb suffers little. There is no pain at rest, it only appears when walking.
Bruises on the anterior surface of the leg are very painful, especially in the area of the periosteum, up to loss of consciousness. It contains a large number of pain receptors. If the pain has become a constant pulsating character, this is a sure sign of a hematoma under the periosteum.
A bruise of the lower leg can be confused with a fracture due to severe pain, especially on palpation. It can be excluded by the absence of pain during axial loading (in a standing position). An x-ray is required.
Bruised toe. There is an opinion that this type of injury is not dangerous, and the person, despite the pain, continues with his business. Bruised toes usually occur while moving, sometimes at considerable speed, so the toes receive a strong blow.
Small, fragile bones and tendons cannot withstand and become damaged - this threatens complications when walking in the future. Therefore, you should not neglect a medical examination to rule out a fracture. And only then carry out the necessary course of treatment.
A bruised thumb is especially unpleasant because it will take much longer to fully recover, which can take up to 6 weeks. The main condition is peace and time. So as not to say later: “I stubbed my toe, and problems began, now I need orthopedic shoes.”
The following symptoms are typical for a bruise:
The first symptom of a bruise is pain. Then swelling appears. The pain usually worsens when walking. Several days of rest and limitation of physical activity, involving the injured area, lead to a weakening of symptoms and the person recovers. This is if we are dealing with a slight bruise of the leg.
Things are more complicated when there is damage to blood vessels. In this case, a severe bruise of the leg is accompanied by a hematoma. Its dimensions depend on the force of the impact. In this case, the period of compliance with the rest regime and careful treatment of the limb increases. Swelling and pain persist for up to a month.
Since ordinary bruises can be treated on their own, you need to adhere to the following recommendations:
Physiotherapy can help relieve a bruised leg. You should take advantage of this at the first opportunity. UHF and electrophoresis have not lost their importance. If pharmacies have medicinal mud, then a week-long course will be very useful.
Thermal procedures, absorbable and anti-inflammatory drugs cope well with this. Hot water bottles and paraffin are suitable as heat. We remove inflammation and swelling with ointments, gels, and alcohol compresses.
They are applied four times a day, generously covering the injured area. It is also important to follow a simple principle: the greater the swelling, the thicker the layer of ointment.
The ointments used should have a different mechanism of action: anti-inflammatory, decongestant (heparin-containing) and absorbable (Traumeel, Target T). You can combine ointments: Ketorol gel, Dolobene.
We do not use ointment if the skin is damaged. Severe tissue swelling makes it difficult for the drug to penetrate deeper. To enhance the effect, increase the amount of the drug applied to the skin and the frequency of lubrication.
Approximate treatment regimen: “Fastum” gel, “diclofenac” ointment or “ketorol” gel is applied to intact skin, you can wrap it with cling film and secure it, this will increase the depth of penetration and the strength of the effect.
After 4 hours, remove the bandage, wipe the area and apply another ointment “Lioton”, “Troxevasin” - to relieve swelling. We alternate this way throughout the day. At least 4 times a day.
If the hematoma is large, then the body fences itself off from it. Creates a dense film (a bag is formed). Then you cannot do without the help of a doctor. The hematoma is opened and the contents are removed.
For bruises with or without bruising, the prognosis is favorable. Time, rest, and simple therapeutic actions will quickly remove the consequences. The body can do this. He alone can handle it. Our task is to wisely help him with this.
The situation is more complicated when hematomas occur. The larger it is, the longer the resorption period. It compresses the nerve trunks and blood vessels, and suppuration occurs due to infection. In this case, time does not bring relief, the pain and swelling do not go away, and fever develops. Need help from a surgeon.
With very severe bruises, tissue necrosis (death) may occur and emergency assistance will be required.
Another unpleasant complication is periostitis (inflammation of the periosteum). That is why a bruise of the lower leg in the periosteum area is not only painful, but also dangerous.
Contusions to a leg joint should cause caution. Its complex structure predisposes to various complications: hemarthrosis, ligament rupture, damage to the joint capsule.
How to distinguish a severe leg bruise from a fracture?
A severe bruise can be confused with a fracture. You can often hear that you have hurt your leg and it is swollen. What is this, isn’t it a fracture? You can try to determine the signs of a fracture yourself.
It is characterized by:
If a person is bruised, they can move their leg, although it is painful. This sign indicates the integrity of the bone.
An ordinary bruise is not dangerous to health, it only causes inconvenience. The concern is caused by severe bruises, in which it is easy to miss a ligament rupture or a broken toe. They are fraught with partial loss of function in the future. When the knee joint is bruised, arthrosis can quickly appear.
A massive hematoma and open wound threatens infection. In any case, if the pain from a bruise increases every day or remains at the same level, then a doctor’s examination and an x-ray are required.
If you are sure that there is a bruise, then after cold, the leg can be lubricated with “Fastum” gel, “Ketoprofen”, “Nise” gel, “Diclak”, “Diclofenac” 5% ointment, “Olfen” gel. All of them have a strong analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. The swelling after a leg injury will quickly subside if treated with Lyoton ointment.
It should be remembered that pain relief allows you to put weight on the sore leg, but this is not desirable. Therefore, after applying the ointment, the leg needs rest.
A bruise is a closed mechanical damage to tissues and organs of the body due to the rapid short-term impact of a blunt object on the surface of the body without visible damage to the skin. It can also occur when falling.
The mechanism of bruise is the direct action of a blunt object on one or another part of the body. This can be either a fall or a blow from an object.
Bruise clinic . Pain, bruising, swelling, dysfunction of the bruised organ or area. When a large tangential force is applied, extensive skin detachment is observed. If a large nerve is bruised, shock or paralysis of the area innervated by this nerve may develop; if a joint is bruised, its function is impaired; bruises of internal organs (brain, liver, lungs, kidneys, heart) can lead to severe disorders throughout the body and even death.
The action of the paramedic upon diagnosis of a bruise (its localization is called): first of all, it is necessary to create rest for the damaged organ. It is necessary to apply a pressure bandage to the area of the bruise and give this area an elevated position, which helps stop further hemorrhage into the soft tissues. To reduce pain and inflammation, cold is applied to the site of the injury for 2-3 days, then warming procedures (UHF, Sollux, dry heat, ozokerite applications). For minor bruises of soft tissues, especially the extremities, as a rule, hospitalization is not required; the patient is sent to the emergency room. In case of extensive bruises of the chest, abdomen, joints - hospitalization in a trauma or surgical department to exclude fractures, dislocations, and damage to internal organs. For bruises of the limbs - administration of a solution of analgin 50% - 2.0 intramuscularly, or baralgin 5.0, no-shpa 2% 1.0 (you can add diphenhydramine 1% - 1.0) intramuscularly.
For bruises of the torso, it is better not to administer painkillers, so as not to blur the clinical picture of injuries to internal organs.
Heart bruise. Occurs with blunt chest trauma (direct blow to the sternum, multiple chest injuries). Patients are bothered by intense chest pain that occurs immediately or several hours after the injury. More often it is localized at the site of a bruise or in the region of the heart; it can radiate to the back, jaw, i.e. may mimic angina pectoris. In some cases, pain is absent and appears after physical activity several hours or days after the injury. There are also complaints of palpitations, shortness of breath and general weakness. From the anamnesis - information about chest trauma. Heart rhythm disturbances are the most common type of pathology among patients with cardiac contusions. When such patients contact a paramedic, their urgent hospitalization in intensive care wards is necessary.
Symptoms: a bruise is always accompanied by pain, especially severe when the periosteum and ulnar nerve are damaged.
Excessively severe pain sometimes leads to painful shock.
What's happening? Often a bruise is accompanied by hemorrhage. Bleeding may take the form of a bruise (bruise) or hematoma (a significant accumulation of blood in the tissue). Severe bruises can lead to damage to various organs. So, with a head injury, a concussion is possible; in case of abdominal contusion - rupture of the spleen and (or) bladder; with a chest contusion - rib fractures and hemorrhage into the pleura; in case of bruising of the arms and legs - muscle ruptures, tendon damage, hemorrhages in the joint. If you bruise your finger, the nail may come off.
What to do? The first few hours after a bruise, the affected area is treated with cold and rest. Cold reduces pain and relieves bleeding faster. You can apply a towel soaked in ice water, an ice pack, or a bottle of ice water to the area of the bruise. 3 hours after receiving the bruise, a pressure bandage is applied to the bruise (but not too tight so as not to interfere with blood flow) for the next day or two.
Traditional medicine recommends applying a plantain leaf or crushed wormwood to the bruise site. As soon as the wormwood dries out, it needs to be changed or moistened with water. You can apply bodyaga diluted in water (2 tablespoons of bodyagi powder per tablespoon of water) to the site of the injury in the form
The consequence of a bruise is most often the rupture of blood vessels and a slight hemorrhage (bruise). In this case, there is pain when palpating the bruised area and its swelling. Minor soft tissue bruises do not require visiting a doctor; their consequences can be eliminated using simple home remedies. If a joint injury or severe bruise of soft tissue occurs, a consultation with a doctor and, possibly, a small examination is necessary. When treating any bruises to relieve pain, it is quite acceptable to use traditional medicine such as compresses and lotions using alcohol tinctures of various herbs.
For the first 24 hours, cold should be applied to the bruised area, and only on the second day can you begin using warm compresses and wraps.
It is known that alcohol warms and “takes” medicinal substances from the herbs infused with it. This is why compresses made from alcohol tinctures are such an excellent analgesic, anti-inflammatory and decongestant. It is important to note that undiluted medical alcohol should not be used for compresses, as it can cause skin burns.
Tinctures prepared with vodka are best suited for treating bruises.
1. Required: 1/2 liter of vodka, 20 g each of meadowsweet flowers, bearberry leaves, herbs of hernia, knotweed, horsetail, blue cornflower flowers, 30 g each of corn silks, dry bean pods, birch buds.
Cooking method. Grind the collection and mix. 4 tbsp. l. Fill the mixture with vodka. Leave for 3 days. Strain before use.
Mode of application. For compresses on a sore joint. Keep for no more than 4 hours. The course of treatment is 1 week.
2. Required: 1 liter of vodka, 30 g each of burdock root and tricolor violet herb, 20 g each of creeping wheatgrass rhizomes and veronica herb.
Cooking method. Pour vodka over the herbal mixture. Leave for 5 days. Strain.
Mode of application. For compresses throughout the night. For complete healing, 10 procedures are enough.
3. Required: 1/2 liter of vodka, 20 g of coltsfoot and oregano herbs.
Cooking method. Grind the herbal mixture, add vodka, leave for 3 days, strain before use.
Mode of application. For compresses and wraps, for the whole night. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
4. Required: 1/2 liter of vodka, 100 g of calamus herb. Cooking method. Pour vodka over the grass. Leave for 3 days.
Mode of application. For lotions on bruises. The course of treatment is 3 weeks.
5. Required: 1/2 liter of vodka, 100 g each of wild rosemary herb and nettle leaves, 2 tbsp. l. pomegranate juice.
Cooking method. Chop the herbs and add vodka. Leave for 4 days, add pomegranate juice, let stand for another 2 days..
Mode of application. For compresses and wraps for sore joints. The course of treatment is 2-3 weeks.
6. Required: 1/2 liter of vodka, 50 g of barberry leaves, 100 g of birch buds.
Cooking method. Pour vodka over barberry leaves and birch buds. Leave for 5 days.
Mode of application. For compresses throughout the night. Repeat the compresses every evening for 10 days.
7. Required: 300 g of vodka, 70 g of speckled hemlock leaves, 50 g of balsam herb, 3 tsp. aloe juice
Cooking method. Pour vodka over the herbs. Leave for 4 days, then add aloe juice, let stand for 2 days. Mode of application. For lotions on sore joints.
8. Required: 400 g of vodka, 30 g of St. John's wort herb, 20 g of oak bark and marshmallow leaves.
Cooking method. Grind the herbs, add vodka, leave for 4 days. Strain before use.
Mode of application. For compresses on sore joints. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
9. Required: 1/2 liter of vodka, 20 g of alder bark and St. John's wort, 10 g of speckled hemlock leaves.
Cooking method. Grind the herbs, add vodka, leave for 3 days.
Mode of application. For wrapping a sore joint at night. The course of treatment is 3 weeks.
.10. Required: 1/2 liter of vodka, 20 g of common harmala, 4 tbsp. l. lemon juice.
Cooking method. Pour vodka over the grass and add lemon juice. Leave for 5 days.
Mode of application. For compresses on a sore joint. 10 procedures are enough for the disease to recede.
11. Required: 1/2 liter of vodka, 30 g of common harmala, 10 g of elm and St. John's wort bark, 20 g of balsam herb.
Cooking method. Pour vodka over the herbs and leave for 4 days.
Mode of application. For lotions on sore joints. The course of treatment is 3 weeks.
12. Required: 1/2 liter of vodka, 3 tbsp. l. lemon zest, 30 g linden bark.
Cooking method. Pour vodka over lemon zest and linden bark and leave for 4 days.
- Mode of application. For compresses and wraps. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
13. Required: 400 g of vodka, 3 tbsp. l. bay leaf, 20 g juniper needles.
Cooking method. Chop the bay leaf, mix with juniper, pour in vodka. Leave for 3 days.
Mode of application. For compresses and wraps. The course of treatment is 4 weeks.
14. Required: 1 liter of vodka, 20 g of angelica rhizomes.
Method of preparation: Pour vodka over the angelica rhizomes. Leave for 2 days.
Mode of application. For lotions and compresses. Repeat the procedure for 3 weeks.
15. Required: 1/2 liter of vodka, 80 g of Moldavian snakehead leaves.
Cooking method. Grind the herb, add vodka, leave for 2 days.
Mode of application. For lotions on the bruised area. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
16. Required: 400 g of vodka, 20 g each of thyme-flowered snakehead and linden bark.
Cooking method. Pour vodka over linden bark and grass and leave for 5 days.
Mode of application. For lotions on bruised areas. The course of treatment is 3 weeks.
17. Required: 1/2 vodka, 30 nettles, 20 g of leaves of Eleven angustifolia.
Cooking method. Pour vodka over the chopped herbs. Leave for 2 days. Strain.
Mode of application. As a lotion for bruised areas. Repeat treatment for 10 days.
18. Required: 400 g of vodka, 100 g of hop cones.
Cooking method. Pour vodka over the hop cones. Leave for 2 days.
Mode of application. For compresses on the bruised area. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
A bruise (contusion) is a mechanical damage to tissue without violating the integrity of the skin. In this case, pain appears at the site of injury, swelling, and bruising.
Stretching (distortion) is damage to ligaments, muscles, tendons and other tissues under the influence of a force acting longitudinally, without violating their anatomical integrity. Most often, a sprain of the ankle or knee joint is observed, which is based on a tear of individual fibers of the ligament with hemorrhage into its thickness. In this case, pain in the joint during movement and swelling are noted.
The timing of massage depends on the depth and extent of the injury, as well as the body’s overall response to the injury. In case of a fresh soft tissue injury, sprain of the joint-ligamentous apparatus and muscles, massage should be started immediately - on the day of injury or the next. Early massage significantly reduces the recovery time for impaired motor functions, helping to reduce pain and accelerate the resorption of hemorrhages. When starting to massage a patient, it is necessary to ensure that the muscles of the injured limb are as relaxed as possible.
Massage techniques are first performed on healthy tissues above the site of injury, thereby creating an increased outflow of blood and lymph from the injured area. This type of massage is called suction massage. In this case, the paravertebral zones of the spinal segments must be massaged (lumbar - for injuries of the lower extremities, cervical - for injuries of the upper extremities). Techniques include various types of stroking (daily, preferably 2 times a day for 5-10 minutes) alternating with squeezing and rubbing, as well as vibration in the area of the spinal segments. Stroking is performed strictly in the direction of the venous outflow so as not to cause pain at the site of injury. As the painful sensations subside, massage techniques are performed closer and closer to the site of injury.
Starting from the 4th-5th massage sessions, in the absence of negative reactions (fever, pain, etc.), they move on to massage in the area of damage. Apply stroking and rubbing, then (first above the injury site) kneading. The intensity of massage techniques increases gradually from session to session. Next, passive and active-passive movements are included in the joints located near the site of injury, and they are carried out so that they do not cause significant pain. The duration of the massage is increased to 15-20 minutes.
Gradually, the activity of massage techniques in the area of injury increases, they begin to use all types of stroking, rubbing, tapping above or near the site of injury, increase the volume of passive movements in the joints, and introduce resistance exercises.
It is recommended to combine the massage with therapeutic rubbing, and after 2-3 days - with thermal procedures (paraffin, water baths, dry air baths, etc.). It must be remembered that the areas of the lymph nodes, especially when they are inflamed, are not massaged.
Acupressure is carried out using a strong inhibitory method on inhibitory (sedative) points of a wide spectrum of action, such as HE-GU, TZU-SAN-LI, etc.
For any manifestation of acute pain, it is easiest to start a massage from the points of the auricle. First, the most painful areas corresponding to the area of injury are found using special rods or fingers. After this, you need to press on it for 2-3 minutes, slightly shaking the rod or making rotational movements with the pads of your fingers.
1. Taking the drug orally in doses of 0.2-0.5 g along with rubbing the affected area (depending on the affected area), the course of treatment orally should be 25-28 days, alternate after 10 days if necessary, rubbing continue throughout the entire period of treatment Without stops.
2. For bruises with damage to the chest and its organs, it is recommended to drink 0.2 g of mumiyo with a decoction of caraway seeds, aigona, and caraway seeds.
3. Mix 0.5 g of mumiyo with rose oil and give it to drink, and also lubricate the fracture. Bones grow together very quickly.
1. Wormwood (herb). An excellent remedy. Crush the fresh herb to form juice and apply to the affected areas. If the injury is severe, apply a thick layer. Do not allow it to dry out, change it more often or moisten it with water. In winter, use ointment (1 part wormwood juice, condensed in air, to 4 parts base, i.e. cow butter, or pork fat, or Vaseline). You can use canned juice. The juice is preserved with vodka or 60-proof alcohol. You can steam fresh herbs with boiling water and, when it cools, use it as a cold lotion, but this is not as effective.
2. Garden onions. Use fresh juice or grated onion pulp as a compress. An excellent remedy for bruises, especially the knee.
3. Arnica. Tincture. 30-40 drops inside. Externally like a lotion. If the bruise has lesions and abrasions, then use undiluted tincture, but if there are no lesions, but only bruises and swelling, then dilute the tincture 1:10. Arnica is valuable for chest bruises as a sedative and analgesic.
4. St. John's wort. Inside in the form of a decoction. 20 g of St. John's wort per 400 g of boiling water. Simmer to half the volume over low heat. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day. For external use, an ointment is made in the same way as from wormwood juice (see above).
5. Plantain (herb). Valuable fresh as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic. Apply crushed or whole sheets to bruised areas, even with lesions. Juice can replace fresh leaves. Sold in a pharmacy. You can use tincture or ointment from it (1:4). Can partially replace fresh leaves or juice.
6. Lobel's hellebore. Fresh roots are boiled in water. Warm decoction is rubbed on sore areas. It treats well dislocations, bruises, tumors. Dislocations without correction fall into place, the swelling subsides. The same decoction is used to treat swelling (by rubbing).
7. Bodyaga. An excellent remedy. For 1 tablespoon of water, 2 tablespoons of bodyagi powder. Apply this dough to the bruise and bandage it. The healing effect will begin as soon as the water begins to evaporate and the freshwater becomes semi-dry. You can dilute bodyaga with sunflower oil in a 1:1 ratio. Change 2 times a day.
8. Make lotions and compresses from lead water. Sold in a pharmacy.
9. Take 1/2 liter of 6% vinegar, 2 heads of garlic and finely chop, then leave for 1 day. Rub the prepared mixture onto sore areas.
10. Grind 5-6 onions with 30 g of salt, apply the prepared pulp to the sore spot. Repeat the procedure until complete recovery.
• If you are injured, apply this ointment. Mix a tablespoon of some animal fat, a tablespoon of finely chopped onions and add to this mixture half a tablespoon of crushed sea salt. Treat the wound with the resulting ointment, apply a bandage on top and do not remove it for 24 hours. Repeat the procedure daily until the wound is completely scarred.
• If the wound is festered, soak a sterile bandage in an eighteen percent sea salt solution and bandage it to the wound for several hours.
• If you have a severe bruise, make a solution of sea salt at room temperature (three tablespoons of sea salt per liter of water), soak a piece of soft cloth in it, squeeze it lightly and apply it to the sore spot.
A scratch, abrasion, or cut often causes big troubles if they are not treated correctly and in a timely manner.
First of all, rinse the wound with a stream of water (preferably boiled). Then rinse with a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, pouring a thin stream from the bottle. This solution, when applied to a wound, releases atomic oxygen, which is destructive to all microbes. If you don't have hydrogen peroxide, you can use potassium permanganate. It has pronounced disinfectant properties, but only its weak, pale pink solution should be used to wash wounds. A strong solution or crystals of potassium permanganate can cause burns.
Lubricate the skin around the wound with iodine tincture, and then apply a sterile bandage.
In the immediate hours after the injury, especially if the wound is contaminated with soil or caused by a rusty object, the victim should consult a doctor to check the quality of the wound treatment and decide whether a tetanus vaccination is needed.
It happens that throbbing pain appears in the area of damage. This indicates possible suppuration of the wound. In this case, you cannot wait, but you must urgently consult a doctor.
The bactericidal patch can be applied for no longer than a day. It is necessary to periodically remove it and check the condition of the wound, making sure that it does not get wet. It is not recommended to seal wounds, especially abrasions, with a regular adhesive plaster.
Small wounds on the face heal quickly. If the wound has become suppurated, you should under no circumstances self-medicate. The vascular network of the subcutaneous tissue of the face is connected by arterial and venous branches with intracranial (cerebral) vessels. Therefore, an infection through the bloodstream can relatively easily spread into the cranial cavity, infect the brain and its membranes, and cause meningitis and encephalitis.
Numerous small spines of the plant that have stuck into the skin can be quickly removed by dripping wax from a candle onto the area. The frozen wax is removed along with the thorns. Some types of glue that form an elastic film are also suitable for this purpose.
Bruise, sprain. In the first hours after this happens, apply an ice pack or a towel soaked in cold water to the injury site. Cooling reduces pain, prevents the development of edema, and reduces the amount of internal hemorrhage. In case of sprained ligaments, a tight fixing bandage is also needed.
In no case should you hover your leg or arm, pull or tug if you have bruises or sprains. This may make the injury worse. Having taken the first urgent measures of self- and mutual assistance, be sure to consult a doctor to clarify the diagnosis and prescribe further treatment.
After a bruise, a bruise often forms on the face - hemorrhage into the soft tissue due to damage to small blood vessels. To prevent a bruise, in the first 20-30 minutes after a bruise, apply a bubble with ice, snow, cold water, pieces of ice wrapped in plastic wrap or a napkin, a towel soaked in cold water and slightly wrung out.
And if a bruise does form, to quickly resolve it on the second day, it is recommended to apply dry heat to the site of the bruise two or three times a day: a heating pad, a bottle of hot water, a bag of heated sand.
In case of nosebleeds, which often occurs with facial bruises, the victim must immediately be seated so that his head is lowered, cotton swabs should be placed in the nasal passages, and cold should be applied to the nasal area. It is not recommended to throw the head back, as blood will enter the nasopharynx. will swallow it - and then vomiting may occur. If the measures taken do not help, the victim should be immediately sent to a medical facility or an ambulance should be called.
A very serious symptom is the discharge of colorless liquid or blood, like water, from the nose or ear, as well as the appearance of bruises around the eyes (a symptom of glasses). These are signs of severe traumatic brain injury. With fractures and cracks of the skull, convulsions, motor agitation, and sometimes paralysis of the legs and arms, loss of consciousness, and vomiting are possible.
In such cases, urgent medical attention is needed! Delay can cost your life. Before the ambulance arrives, it is necessary to lay the victim on his side or turn his head to one side so that vomit, blood, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid do not enter the windpipe. If a person is unconscious, it is necessary to clean the mouth with a finger, wrapping it in gauze or a handkerchief.
A dislocation is a very serious injury. There is a strong displacement of the bones that make up the joint, overstretching of muscles, ligaments, and often their rupture, which causes severe pain. A dislocation is characterized by shortening or lengthening of the limb, increasing pain in the joint, sharply increasing with movement, difficulty in active movements and a sharp limitation of passive movements. The configuration of the joint also changes: the dislocated bone protrudes in a new, unusual place. When a dislocation occurs, ligaments, blood vessels, and nerves can be damaged.
Only a medical professional can correct a dislocation! Under no circumstances should you do this yourself, since inept actions can only further injure ligaments, blood vessels, and nerves.
First aid consists primarily of immobilizing the injured limb. To do this, apply a fixing bandage or splint. Then the victim must be taken to a medical facility. In case of severe pain, you should give him an analgin or amidopyrine tablet. To reduce pain and swelling, it is recommended to apply a heating pad with cold water or a towel soaked in cold water to the site of the sprain.
If a fracture occurs, the victim feels sharp pain, swelling, deformation of the limb, bruising, impaired movement in the injured arm or leg, or mobility outside the joint. Sometimes a crunching sound is heard at the fracture site due to the uneven surfaces of the bone fragments.
Using careful superficial palpation, determine the place of greatest pain; it corresponds to the location of the fracture. Remember that under no circumstances should you check the mobility of bone fragments or set them yourself, as you can damage soft tissues, blood vessels, nerves and cause additional pain to the victim, up to the development of shock.
If a fracture is suspected, first aid is provided to the same extent as for an obvious fracture.
In the case of a closed fracture, measures should be taken to stop further displacement of the fragments, reduce trauma to the soft tissue at their ends, and eliminate or reduce pain. In case of an open fracture, when bone fragments protrude into the wound, you must first stop the bleeding and apply a sterile bandage. These actions help prevent the development of shock from blood loss, as well as additional infection of the wound.
The main thing to do is to ensure immobility (immobilization) of the injured limb. For this you can use scarves, bandages, cotton wool, belts, ready-made or improvised splints.
Forearm fracture. Having bent the arm at the elbow at a right angle and wrapped it in any fabric, apply splints along the back and palmar surfaces of the forearm, capturing both joints. Secure the splints with a bandage or scarf. You cannot lower your arm down, as this increases swelling and pain. It is best to hang your hand on a sling across your neck.
In case of a fracture of the tibia and femur, splints are applied to the entire injured leg from the outside and inside, and also over the tissue. Bone protrusions (anklebones, condyles) are protected with cotton wool pads. You can also bandage the injured leg to the healthy one, which will serve as a kind of splint.
Spinal fractures, especially in the cervical and thoracic regions, are a very dangerous injury; they are fraught with the development of paralysis. Such a victim must be handled with special care. It is necessary to provide assistance in two or three people. The victim is laid face up on a flat, hard surface (on a wide board, a door removed from its hinges, or a wooden board) and tied so that he does not move.
In case of injuries to the cervical spine, the victim is placed on his back on a hard surface, and the head and neck are fixed from the sides with two bolsters made of rolled up clothes, blankets, and pillows.
In case of rib fractures, to reduce pain, the chest is tightly bandaged with bandages, towels or sheets, or the victim is given a position that is comfortable for him.
If the collarbone is broken, it is fixed with a scarf or outerwear.
In case of fractures of the skull bones, which often happens in car accidents or a fall from a height, the victim is placed on his back, the head is fixed on both sides with soft rolls made of clothing.
A fracture of the pelvic bones is often complicated by injury to the pelvic organs and the development of shock. The victim should be carefully laid with his back on the shield (or the removed door), with a soft cushion placed under his head. Bend your legs at the knees and spread them slightly to the sides (give them a “frog position”), place a roll of folded clothing under your knees.
Jaw fractures are a fairly common injury. In this case, speech and swallowing are difficult, severe pain is noted, and the mouth does not close. To create immobility of the jaw, a gauze bandage is applied to the chin, the rounds of which go around the head and under the chin. If the upper jaw is fractured, a splint (plate) is placed between the upper and lower teeth, and then the jaw is secured with a bandage through the chin.
1. “How Jesus Christ was crucified, red blood was shed, he knew no cuts, no mowing, no sorrows, no aches, no painful tumors. Likewise, the servant of God (servant of God) (name) knows neither cuts, nor mowing, nor sorrows, nor pains, nor aches, nor pinches, nor painful tumors. Go, all of you, into the dark dense forests, into the deep blue seas, into the quicksand swamps. There you live, there you eat and drink. Don’t know the Arab of God (servant of God) (name), don’t grab him. Amen". 2. “I will go out into an open, free field. In a clean, free field there is a golden multi-step staircase. The brave warrior Yegory on a silver hot horse with a sharp damask spear descends along a golden multi-step staircase. Brave Yegoriy pierced the gray stone with a golden, highly consecrated knife and a sharp silver damask spear. The gray stone has no pain, no blood, no wound. Likewise, the servant of God (servant of God) (name) does not have an evil, dashing tumor, neither at dawn, nor at dawn, nor at moonlight, nor at noon. Be, my words, sculpted and strong, sharper than a sharp damask knife, sharper than a damask spear.” 3. “The dead body lies for thirty years. There is no wound on him, no blood, no stinging, no aching, no blue bruise, no evil tumor. Likewise, the servant of God (servant of God) (name) would have no wound, no blood, no pinch, no ache, no blue bruise, no evil tumor. Amen". 4. “First of all, in the morning hour, the Holy Most Pure Mother of God, Theotokos, come and help. I ask you and I tell you. (name) on the left,
Bruises are injuries to soft tissues in which the integrity of the outer integument remains intact. Clinical signs of a bruise are pain, swelling, hematoma with increased skin temperature in the injured area.
Ligament sprain is the most common type of joint injury. The degree of sprain varies: along with mild subluxation of the joint, which patients often do not pay attention to, there are more severe forms, accompanied by rupture or separation of the ligaments, and the subluxation often recurs in the future (for example, the shoulder and ankle joints). The most common sprains of the ankle joint are observed with sharp adduction and simultaneous supination of the foot; in this case, a tear or rupture of the talofibular ligament occurs, located transversely in front of the lateral malleolus. At the same time, there may be tears of the calcaneofibular and other ligaments in this area.
Massage is indicated from 2-3 days after injury. Early massage helps reduce pain, accelerate the resorption of hemorrhage in tissues, effusion in joints and mucous membranes, resulting in a significantly shorter recovery period for impaired motor functions.
For the first 2-3 days, you should massage above the site of injury (suction massage), while the damaged joint should be well fixed by the massage therapist’s hand. For example, when the ligamentous apparatus of the ankle joint is sprained, one hand of the massage therapist fixes the foot, the other massages the muscles of the thigh and lower leg.
Massage techniques in the first days after injury: continuous and intermittent stroking, rubbing (spiral, circular), combined with continuous grasping stroking.
Massage is carried out in the direction of venous outflow daily for 5-10 minutes.
From the 4th-5th day, in the absence of pronounced reactive phenomena (absence of tissue swelling, normalization of local and general temperature, decrease in the zone of hyperesthesia at the site of injury, etc.), it is recommended to move on to massage in the area of injury. The procedure is complemented by the following massage techniques: light kneading in various directions alternately with continuous grasping stroking, massage of individual muscles or muscle groups. In the first days after injury, intermittent vibration in the form of chopping and tapping is excluded.
As the reactive phenomena subside, the intensity of the massage movements gradually increases. Kneading techniques are used on damaged muscles - felting, longitudinal and transverse kneading, shifting and vibration techniques - continuous vibration, patting, shaking, etc.
Stroking and deep rubbing techniques are used to massage joint capsules, tendon sheaths, bony protrusions of the articular ends of bones, muscle tendons and their attachment points.
Symmetrically located intact segments are massaged and the paravertebral zones of the spinal segments and reflexogenic zones of the torso are affected.
In case of injuries to the lower extremities, the area of the lumbar sympathetic nodes is affected. The gluteal muscles, costal arches, and iliac crests are also massaged.
In case of damage to the upper extremities, the area of the cervical sympathetic nodes is affected, the sternocleidomastoid muscles, supraclavicular portions of the trapezius muscles, the outer edges of the latissimus dorsi muscle, deltoid muscles, the areas of the sternocleidomastoid and clavicular-acromial joints of the affected side are massaged.
Massage of the paravertebral zones is carried out in the direction from the underlying segments to the overlying ones. On the joints of the limbs, stroking and rubbing techniques are recommended.
Massage should be combined with physical exercise. The duration of the procedure is 15-20 minutes daily. The course of treatment is 12-15 procedures.
Lubricate with kerosene or alcohol mixed with camphor. Moisten with melted alum or saline solution. The wound heals in 10-20 days. Avoid suppuration, which can lead to gangrene.
Bruises are closed injuries to parts of the human body, of a closed nature, most often arising due to carelessness or haste in the process of life. All of them, without exception, are accompanied by the formation of a hematoma and pain in the place that was subjected to a strong blow.
The faster the treatment is provided to the victim, the easier the rehabilitation process will be. It is not always possible to quickly receive qualified help, so everyone should know how to act in case of a closed injury at home.
Bruises are classified by severity:
The use of traditional medicine as the main method of treatment for the first and second stages is quite advisable, but for more severe injuries it is indicated for the purpose of auxiliary rehabilitation.
Therapeutic measures using traditional medicine involve the use of complex procedures, which include: rubbing, poultices, herbal and compression therapy.
A slight injury to the leg, accompanied by a hematoma and pain, is perfectly relieved by drugs based on herbal components.
To provide immediate assistance in this situation, it is impossible to do without effective traditional medicine.
When bruising the knee area of the leg, white cabbage leaves help well, which are applied to the area affected by the blow, additionally fixed and replaced every half hour.
When a knee is bruised, treatment with an ointment based on the herb wormwood and medical petroleum jelly, taken in equal proportions, is of significant benefit - the components are mixed and simmered in the oven for a couple of hours. The finished product is rubbed into the sore area of the knee with light massaging movements at least three times a day.
Unfortunately, foot injury is the most common type of injury compared to other parts of the human body.
First aid is cold. In the event of this unpleasant phenomenon, it is recommended to immediately apply an ice compress or something like that to the affected area. Cryotherapy should be applied at intervals of 20 minutes, followed by a 5-minute break. If you get a foot bruise, it is recommended to immediately lie down and elevate your leg, thereby ensuring the flow of blood.
Onion compresses are well recommended in folk medicine - the crushed pulp is placed on a gauze bandage and applied to the painful area on the heel.
After a blow to the foot, a hematoma occurs, therefore, to speed up the resorption process, it is recommended to use a medicinal tincture. To prepare: grind aloe leaves, mix with a small amount of granulated sugar and keep in a warm place for three days.
Herbal lotions, for which dried raw materials are used: linden blossom, wormwood, celandine infused in water for 24 hours, help relieve the inflammatory process.
These folk remedies also effectively help with bruised fingers and toes.
Treatment of bruises of the shoulder area and costal part with folk remedies
As a result of domestic injuries, bruises of the shoulder girdle are no exception. In folk medicine, there are several ways to treat this type of damage.
In the home bins, of course, there is a bar of laundry soap, which is crushed using a grater and mixed with whipped yolk foam.
The resulting mass is applied to the painful area in the morning and evening for a certain number of days, depending on the healing process.
Burdock has medicinal properties in folk medicine - you will need 75 g of it per 200 ml of any oil to grow
body origin. Components: mix in a suitable container, leave for 2 days and heat for about 15 minutes, without bringing to a boil. The finished drug is used for its intended purpose as an ointment.
Rib injuries. Due to carelessness or other reasons, closed rib injuries occur in life, which are accompanied by ruptures of small capillaries, hemorrhage in the soft tissues and the formation of swelling.
The first thing you need to do is take a reclining position and lean an ice bladder against the painful area. Cryotherapy is recommended to be performed for no more than three days; subsequently it is replaced with warm compresses. A tight bandage applied to the rib area effectively relieves pain during regular breathing.
The recovery period for a closed injury depends on the specific complexity of the injuries and timely assistance provided.