Hello, my dear readers! Are you sure you don't have flat feet? Did you know that at stage 1 this disease shows little sign of itself, so you can simply not notice it?
And, by the way, it is at this stage that it can be cured completely even in an adult. To check yourself and notice the problem in time, read the article carefully!
Do your feet hurt at the end of the working day? Even high-quality shoes that fit perfectly have lately become too tight and worn out unevenly (they wear down on one side, for example)?
Do your legs swell periodically, but does it all go away quickly after rest? Are you sure you don't have flat feet?
If you went to a podiatrist with these symptoms, he would recommend that you get an x-ray to check for a bowed foot. And all because the symptoms of the 1st degree of severity of foot deformation are listed above.
Therefore, if you have them, then most likely you also have the above problem. So stop denying and ignoring the problem, it’s better to read the article carefully and start treatment!
No, it won't work! Flat feet can develop very quickly, especially if there are unfavorable factors in a person’s life that aggravate the deformity. These factors include:
• concomitant diseases (for example, the disease often develops together with arthrosis or scoliosis, and in children - with rickets);
• wearing low-quality shoes (including army ones);
• inactive lifestyle;
• excessive stress on the legs;
Poor quality shoes are the most dangerous enemy. By continuing to wear it, you will quickly turn the primary deformity into the most severe - grade 3. By the way, army shoes are no exception; they are also not of particularly high quality or comfortable.
Do they take into the army with such a disease? At this stage of development, they take (regardless of the type of deformation - it is longitudinal or transverse, or even longitudinal-transverse) and even assign a standard fitness category, like healthy people, despite the fact that the army and flat feet are categorically incompatible.
To do this you need to know the main symptoms. Also, look carefully at the photos of the legs, but you most likely won’t notice anything in them, since the primary deformation is not visually noticeable.
What are the symptoms of grade 1 flatfoot, what should you pay attention to?
I advise you to definitely go to an orthopedic doctor and conduct a thorough diagnosis of this disease if you feel or notice the following:
• pain in the legs, especially in the ankles, heels, joints near the big toes, at the end of the day;
• pain in the lower extremities during standing or physical activity;
• lower back pain;
• the appearance of lameness or other changes in gait;
• swelling of the lower extremities, which goes away after rest;
• discomfort when wearing shoes;
• difficulties in choosing shoes, even if they are expensive;
• fatigue and pain in the legs after wearing shoes with heels or without them at all;
• cramps or muscle strain for no particular reason.
You can notice a problem in a child by clubfoot, by signs such as “wheel legs,” or by the x-shaped shape of the lower extremities. If the problem does not disappear on its own by the age of 4-5, then this is already a pathology that needs to be treated.
Have you noticed symptoms and want to get checked as accurately as possible? Then go immediately to an orthopedist (or take your child to him).
The doctor will take an x-ray (the most accurate diagnostic method), calculate the angle of the arches of the foot, as well as the height of the arches, after which he will determine the diagnosis and explain to you what the curvature of the foot is in your case.
What is it, what is grade 1 flatfoot? This is a flattening of the arches (bends and insteps) of the foot, which can be longitudinal or transverse, and sometimes even combined.
Due to this deformation, the feet lose functionality (especially shock-absorbing properties), which disrupts the correct distribution of the load on the musculoskeletal system, which, in turn, leads to serious health problems.
Be sure to consult your doctor first! Only he can choose the right treatment measures for your case. As a rule, treatment in this case will be as follows:
• taking vitamins to strengthen the body;
• treatment of concomitant diseases;
Exercise therapy – special exercises for the correction and prevention of curvature of the lower extremities. What kind of exercises should you do?
You will read about this in separate articles on this site; here you will find physical therapy complexes for children and adults. This kind of gymnastics should be performed every day or at least 5 times a week.
Shoes in case of flat feet of the 1st degree without additional health problems can be anything, the main thing is to supplement them with the correct orthopedic insoles. Insoles can be purchased at a pharmacy or ordered from a podiatrist. The following shoe models are allowed to be worn:
• with a small heel or rise (3-5 cm);
• with closed heel and toe (the main thing is that the heel is supported);
• with a soft sole (rubber, for example);
• made from natural high-quality materials (leather, nubuck, etc.).
It is better to entrust massages and physiotherapy to specialists. The clinic will conduct them correctly and in such a way that they are as effective as possible. Vitamins must be taken, especially if the body is weak or not yet fully formed (children or teenagers).
That's all, my dear readers. Take care of your health, pay attention to it, even if the problems seem frivolous to you. Subscribe to site updates so as not to miss new articles, and share what you read with your friends on social networks. All the best to you!
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Flatfoot is a change in the shape of the foot, which is characterized by drooping of the arch of the distal lower limb. Many people believe that this is not a dangerous disease and you can live with it for the rest of your life. However, this is a very erroneous opinion. Because the mechanics of walking are disrupted, which threatens the development of complications from the spine.
According to the ICD (international classification of diseases) it has two codes: M21(4) - acquired pathological process, Q(66.5) - congenital change.
Acquired changes in the foot develop slowly, so it is difficult to suspect the first signs. At first, the symptoms are vague; the patient may feel pain in the feet after walking or physical activity. Usually this is attributed to simple fatigue, and the person is unaware of his problem.
As it progresses, other symptoms appear: swelling in the legs in the evening, a feeling of heaviness, and discomfort. A striking example is the rapid wear of shoes, clearly expressed on the inside. The size of your feet changes, and you constantly have to buy shoes a size larger.
The main ones include:
In most cases, the detection of flat feet is associated with a poorly developed muscular system. Therefore, from a very early age, children should be taught to be physically active, attend classes, and play sports.
There are 5 types of changes in the shape of the distal leg. All of them are presented in the table:
You won’t be able to solve the problem yourself at home. We need professional massages, exercises, physiotherapy, exercise therapy. If we are talking about flat feet of the third degree, then the only method is surgical intervention.
The orthopedic doctor is obliged to draw up an individual treatment regimen, having previously established the stage of the disease. In addition to training the foot muscles, you will have to pay attention to other areas - the hips, buttocks, and back. Therapeutic massage is performed in courses, usually 10-15 procedures are prescribed up to 3 times a week.
In the second stage, not only pain appears after physical activity, but also severe swelling of the feet by the end of the day. There is a decrease in the arch of the foot, from the norm of 125-130 degrees to 150, and with grade 3 to 160.
It is only possible to accurately determine the stage using x-ray examination. Unfortunately, it is not possible to completely cure the disease in an adult, since all the changes have already occurred. However, it is very important to prevent the progression of the pathology and the development of stage 3.
For the second degree, special exercises are recommended. The standard diagram looks like this:
The second degree does not require surgical intervention. An exception is the early development of flat feet, provided that there are already negative changes in the spine, and the function of internal organs is also impaired.
Therapeutic exercises are recommended not only for the prevention of flat feet in children, but is also the main method of treatment in adults. Today, classes using the Bubnovsky method are popular; they have numerous positive reviews.
The exercises must be performed daily, the following movements are recommended:
At the end of the exercise, it is recommended to walk first on the inside of the foot, then on the outside. You should walk 10-20 steps forward and backward. The total duration is no more than 30 minutes. After charging, massage your feet for a couple of minutes.
Recently, patients prefer to undergo surgery rather than exhaust themselves for a long time with physical education and various exercises. However, not all types of pathology can be eliminated surgically.
The operation is advisable when wearing special insoles or exercise therapy does not produce positive results. Such interventions are prescribed for longitudinal type changes in the shape of the foot, which have reached stages 2-3. If the doctor has identified only grade 1, but the patient is not indicated for surgery, the optimal solution is orthopedic insoles and exercises.
Today, subtalar arthrodesis is used as a surgical intervention. This is a new technique for correcting planovalgus feet using innovative technologies.
The operation involves a small incision, about 2 cm, with the introduction of a special implant made of titanium material. Such an intervention will eliminate the pathological position of the distal limb.
It lasts 30 - 60 minutes, its effectiveness depends on the age of the patient. A good result is observed in youth of 10-20 years, when the foot grows. After the operation, special insoles are prescribed, which is a prerequisite.
During the recovery period, physical activity is excluded for 3-4 months. The rehabilitation program includes exercise therapy, massages and medical supervision. Correction of flat feet on the opposite limb is permitted after a year.
Children are diagnosed with valgus or longitudinal flat feet quite often. In some cases, the pathology is congenital and requires the earliest possible initiation of therapy. In this case, special bandages made of plaster material and splints are used, which are attached to the ankle joint.
Children under 10 years old have insufficiently strong bones and weak muscles, for this reason all therapeutic measures are aimed at strengthening bones and muscles. Therapeutic baths and contrast showers are also prescribed, which can be used at home.
A prerequisite for both grade 1 and grade 3 is the wearing of orthopedic shoes; in extreme cases, these can be orthopedic insoles. It is not recommended to walk barefoot on flat, hard surfaces. Preference: grass, sand. The sooner we start treatment, the faster and better we will eliminate the problem.
All children are born with an irregular foot shape, namely flat feet. This is not a pathology until a certain time - until the child begins to take his first steps. It is when walking that the correct angle of the foot is formed. After 6 years, at about 8 years, the muscles become stronger, and by 10-12 years the distal part of the lower limb approaches the structure of an adult.
At grade 1-2, treatment is carried out if there is pain, discomfort, or difficulty walking. For the purpose of prevention, massage, therapeutic exercises for the feet, and wearing orthopedic insoles are indicated. All this will help prevent the disease from starting and stop its progression.
The older a person gets, the more difficult it is to treat flat feet. Even with grade 1-2, it is not always possible to do only with prevention. A full range of therapy is needed - exercise therapy, massage, physiotherapy.
If there are certain symptoms, such as pain, swelling of the legs, then treatment is mandatory.
Doctors may initially recommend the following:
These procedures will not radically solve the problem, but will relieve discomfort and pain.
Surgery is usually considered only if all options have failed or the patient experiences severe psychological discomfort.
In the presence of transverse flatfoot, surgical intervention is recommended more often, since this form is difficult to respond to conservative therapy.
In general, it is recommended to initially use conservative techniques, and resort to surgery only as a last resort. There are three stages of changes in the distal foot. Treatment will depend on the severity of the process and its cause.
Scoliosis is a fairly common pathology of the spine. It is a lateral curvature of the spinal axis, which develops mainly in childhood.
Curvature occurs as a result of transformation of the vertebral bodies. The disease affects intervertebral discs, ligaments and muscles, pelvic bones, internal organs, and the nervous system.
The disease progresses during adolescence, a time when the skeleton grows most rapidly. If several decades ago scoliosis appeared mainly in childhood and adolescence, now almost all age groups are susceptible to it.
This is due to the fact that more and more people now lead a sedentary lifestyle. The situation was aggravated by the massive distribution of computers among the population and free access to the Internet.
At first glance, scoliosis does not have dangerous health consequences. Many perceive it as a cosmetic defect that only spoils the posture and appearance of the back.
The photo shows 2nd degree thoracic scoliosis
The respiratory system especially suffers from spinal curvatures. Breathing becomes uneven, as one lung breathes better and the other weaker. As a result, bronchitis, pneumonia, and bronchial asthma become frequent companions of patients with scoliosis.
If the disease progresses, it can even lead to pulmonary edema, which without timely resuscitation can lead to death.
Due to the deformation of the chest, oxygen is poorly supplied to the body. All metabolic processes in organs and tissues are disrupted. Also, the chest cavity changes its natural shape and volume. This disrupts the flow of blood through the vessels. The shape of the heart may even change and heart failure may occur.
With scoliosis, the spine can have different angles of curvature. Depending on the magnitude of this angle, the disease is divided into 4 degrees:
The higher the degree and the more advanced the form of scoliosis, the more detrimental its effect on the body. And the more difficult it is to treat.
1st degree often goes unnoticed. Especially if you do not purposefully examine the spine for the presence of scoliosis.
But scoliosis of the 2nd degree is no longer difficult to detect with the naked eye during a home examination. And she requires immediate medical attention. Indeed, if you ignore the obvious symptoms, the curvature can turn into a hump.
Scoliosis at the 2nd stage of development has clearly defined external signs.
In general, with stage 2 scoliotic disease, lateral curvatures of the spinal axis are already clearly visible.
Nowadays, several varieties and forms of scoliotic disease are known in medicine.
Scoliosis is divided into 3 forms:
This division depends on the number of arcs of curvature. C means that 1 arc is bent, S – 2 and Z – 3 arcs.
The disease can be localized in the neck, thoracic region, and lower back. Depending on this, scoliosis is divided into the following types:
The latter can develop in 2 places at once and be lumbar-thoracic, cervicothoracic, etc. Combined scoliosis is a scoliosis that combines two forms of curvature.
The causes of the development of the disease are divided into congenital and acquired during life. Among the birth defects, there are disorders in the functioning of the nervous (for example, cerebral palsy), bone (additional and fused vertebrae, torticollis) and muscular system (muscles on one side of the spine are shorter than on the other).
The most common acquired cause of scoliosis is a discrepancy between the growth rate of the vertebrae and bones with the muscles and ligaments. This is typical for schoolchildren, especially 6-7 and 10-14 years old, when the child grows in height especially rapidly.
As a result of the fact that the vertebrae grow faster than the muscles and ligaments attached to them, the vertical axis of the spine is curved. Therefore, parents of schoolchildren need to be especially careful and constantly examine the child’s spine.
Acquired causes also include:
In medicine there is also the term “idiopathic scoliosis”. It serves to indicate unknown causes of the disease. Overall, unknown and congenital factors contributing to the development of curvature account for only 5%. The rest is due to acquired reasons.
At first, the patient does not feel any discomfort. The shoulders become asymmetrical, one of the shoulder blades protrudes forward more, and the pelvis may be skewed to one side. The bend is also noticeable when looking at the line of the spine itself.
If measures are not taken, negative effects on the body begin over time:
By letting scoliosis take its course, you can wait for the appearance of a hump and irreversible damage to the internal organs.
Scoliosis is fairly easy to diagnose. Often, a visual examination of the patient’s spinal area is sufficient for an experienced specialist. If there are signs of disease, an x-ray of the spine is prescribed. It allows you to identify the angle of curvature, localization and degree of development of the disease.
In the last few years, a new research method has been used in diagnosing scoliosis - MRI. It is done using a tomograph. The results of the study are displayed on the screen in the form of a three-dimensional image.
When significant curvatures are detected, studies of the condition of internal organs (ultrasound of the heart, spirometry, ECG, etc.) are indicated. If you suspect a curvature, you should immediately make an appointment with a specialist.
It is also necessary to find out the cause of the curvature of the spine before starting treatment; perhaps the development of scoliosis is associated with disturbances in the functioning of other organs and systems. And therapy should begin with normalizing their work.
For example, if rickets led to the curvature, first of all, you should treat it. Otherwise, scoliosis cannot be overcome.
Degree 1 and 2 curvature can be treated conservatively. In general, conservative and surgical methods are used to treat grade 2 scoliosis. The latter (surgical intervention) is a last resort and is suggested if:
The essence of surgical treatment is to install a system for the patient that will fix the vertebrae.
Conservative treatment is aimed at straightening the spine using the following methods:
Massages and medication for scoliosis will not help significantly. A massage session can bring temporary relief, but not cure. Massage affects muscles and tissues, but not bones.
They also cannot affect bone tissue and medications. In some cases, they only help eliminate the causes of the disease.
Surgery for grade 2 is extremely rarely required. The basis of treatment is a set of exercises that are selected individually for each patient. Usually they are performed 3-4 times a week, supplemented with massage and manual therapy sessions. Such complex treatment takes about 2 years.
Lana Paley's gymnastics is considered an effective conservative treatment method. The doctor determines a set of measures and treatment methods for each patient individually.
The goal of treatment for grades 1 and 2 of the disease is to return the spine to its normal state. But with grades 3 and 4, it is no longer possible to correct the situation. In this case, it is important to stop the deformation process and prevent the progression of the disease.
The goal is the same - the methods are different:
In order for treatment at home to give positive results, you need to at least determine the cause of scoliosis, as well as know the degree of development of the disease. But you can determine the curvature of the spine at home. For this:
To treat scoliosis, you need to know many factors about it (causes, degree, shape, location, etc.). This can only be revealed through medical research under the supervision of specialists. Treatment of grade 2 scoliosis requires an integrated approach, using different methods (therapeutic exercises, massage, exercise therapy, wearing a corset, etc.).
For grade 1-2 scoliosis, doctors recommend doing exercises at home in the morning, going for a massage, swimming, and therapeutic exercises. A set of gymnastic exercises should be selected by a specialist. Wearing a special corset is also shown.
Although grade 2 scoliosis is considered mild and does not pose a serious threat to health, its treatment is a long and labor-intensive process. But you can’t delay treatment.
If a second-degree curvature is not treated on time, it can develop into health-threatening grades 3 and 4.
Scoliosis of the second degree is dangerous because it is often progressive. In this case, complications may arise in the form of:
This is accompanied by unpleasant sensations. In particular, constant back pain and headaches.
The main preventive measure for parents of a schoolchild is to periodically examine the child’s spine. In order to prevent scoliosis, you should also adhere to the following rules:
Children studying music are at risk. Instruments such as the violin and accordion sometimes cause spinal curvature.
We have collected questions that people ask about scoliosis and provided answers to them:
In general, the prognosis for treatment is favorable, especially for children. But this disease requires immediate treatment. After all, the higher the degree and more advanced the form, the longer and more difficult it will be to get rid of scoliosis. So, at the slightest suspicion, seek medical help immediately.
After 18 years, when the spine is already formed, it is, unfortunately, completely impossible to get rid of scoliosis. But you can avoid many complications associated with this disease.