Most people are experiencing allergies more and more often. And this is not surprising. Indeed, in the modern world the number of allergens is rapidly increasing. Symptoms of the disease can appear throughout the body. But in some cases it only covers certain areas. Let's consider what can cause an allergy on the legs or arms and how to deal with such a pathology.
Any allergy occurs as a result of abnormal susceptibility of the immune system to various provocateurs. As a result, the body produces not immunoglobulin, but antigens. They lead to the appearance of high concentrations of histamine and are the source of inflammatory mediators that cause characteristic symptoms.
Allergies on the arms and legs are of a skin nature. It can vary in speed of manifestation. Sometimes the body immediately reacts to the allergen (atopic dermatitis, urticaria). Signs of pathology can appear within a few minutes or a couple of hours after contact with the provocateur.
In other cases, there is a rather slow development of symptoms (contact dermatitis). Such an allergy on the legs will make itself felt within a day, and sometimes after a longer period.
Allergies to the arms and legs can occur under the influence of exogenous (external) factors and endogenous (internal) sources. Let's look at them in more detail.
External causes of allergies are:
Internal causes affect the body through disruption of metabolic processes and the circulatory system.
Endogenous sources of the disease are:
The following factors most often provoke attacks of an allergic reaction:
Pathology on the skin of the hands and feet can manifest itself as the following characteristic lesions:
Allergy is a chronic disease. But it only intensifies under the influence of provocateurs.
Allergies on the feet in adults most often occur in the following places:
After direct contact with the causative agent of the disease has occurred, the disease will make itself felt, usually within an hour.
The development of an allergic reaction is initially indicated by the following signs:
If you ignore the initial symptoms, other signs of the disease will soon appear. It will be much more difficult to get rid of them.
The next stage of development is characterized by the following manifestations:
The signs that manifest the disease in the upper extremities are similar to those described above.
Pathology on the hands, as well as allergies on the feet, is characterized by the following symptoms:
Sometimes such manifestations are accompanied by general signs of the disease:
Babies are also not immune to unpleasant symptoms. Allergies in a child’s legs or arms can occur for many reasons.
The most common sources are:
In children, allergies are expressed as:
The main thing is not to panic. Calmly assess the situation and do not self-medicate. Contact your pediatrician. If your child has a fever and the rash spreads throughout the body, call an ambulance.
While the specialists arrive, parents can do the following:
If the allergy on your leg itches and constantly causes discomfort, then ointments with antihistamine and anti-inflammatory effects will bring significant help. Of course, such medications should be prescribed by a doctor. Hormonal ointments are prescribed only in case of severe exacerbations.
Excellent tools are:
Such remedies are considered more gentle therapy.
The following ointments are in demand in the fight against the disease:
It is best for a doctor to prescribe medications. The doctor is able to adequately assess at what stage the allergy occurs.
Rash on the legs, red spots, itching are external manifestations that can be effectively eliminated with the help of local medications. Provided that contact with the provocateur is excluded. But if such symptoms do not go away, then the doctor will recommend medications for internal use.
The following drugs may be included in therapy:
These medications have some contraindications. Therefore, it is not advisable to take them without consulting a doctor.
Skin diseases caused by staphylococcal infection are dangerous to the body and are difficult to cure. The microbe produces a very strong toxin that poisons the epidermis - staphylococcus on the skin is able to penetrate all layers, thereby destroying healthy tissue.
Staphylococcus can penetrate the skin
Frequent causative agents of unpleasant skin rashes are 2 types of staphylococcus - epidermal (Staphylococcus epidermidis) and golden (Staphylococcus aureus). The first practically does not harm humans, since it belongs to the normal microflora of the skin and mucous membranes. Its harmful effects begin when the immune system is weakened (pregnancy, previous operations, exhaustion of the body, dysbacteriosis).
Staphylococcus aureus is very dangerous
Unlike epidermal, Staphylococcus aureus is the most common and dangerous microbe for humans.
Contact with the skin can lead to the development of diseases such as:
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Staphylococcus can enter the human body through airborne droplets, through household objects or with food. Any violation of the integrity of the skin (microcracks, scratches, abrasions) is the main route for bacteria to penetrate. There is a high probability of becoming infected with a similar microbe through piercing or tattooing. There are frequent cases of staphylococcus infection in the hospital due to insufficiently sterile medical instruments.
Staphylococcus can enter the body through a simple cut
The main factor that predisposes one to the development of a dangerous infection is weakened immunity. Also, concomitant infections, including pathogens of dysbacteriosis, create favorable conditions for the spread of bacteria.
The symptoms of staphylococcal infection largely depend on the location on the body, the stage of the disease and how the body itself fights bacteria. The microbe is capable of causing many skin pathologies, which have their own characteristic manifestations. What they look like is shown in the photo.
The formation of purulent boils is a common disease that can cause inflammation of the skin anywhere on the body. The most dangerous is the appearance of ulcers on the neck and face. It is here that the infection is located close enough to the brain, where it can also cause an inflammatory process.
Furunculosis - the appearance of ulcers on the body
After opening the boil, a rod remains inside, which after a few days is removed on its own along with a small amount of pus and blood. After this, pain and swelling decrease.
The most common areas where ulcers appear on the body are areas of skin prone to oiliness:
A small staphylococcal rash most often occurs in infants. Vesiculopustulosis refers to pyoderma (purulent rash). Small pimples with purulent contents appear on the skin of a newborn - on the scalp, hips, buttocks, in folds and on the back. This happens due to violations of the baby’s hygiene rules. In a child, the rash is accompanied by itching, as a result of which the baby breaks the blisters, giving the infection the opportunity to spread further.
Characteristic signs of vesiculopustulosis:
Staphylococcal periporitis occurs more often in infants
A feature of this disease is that staphylococcal infection affects only the upper layers of the skin, which is why the rashes are shallow and not accompanied by inflammation (swelling). The children's general health remains normal.
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Sycosis caused by staphylococcus is a chronic disease that is prone to frequent relapses. It usually occurs in men on the facial skin in the area of the beard and mustache.
Staphylococcal sycosis severely injures the skin of the face, which has a detrimental effect on the patient’s quality of life.
Staphylococcal sycosis is a chronic disease
Panaritium is an acute purulent inflammation that occurs on the skin of the hands (less often the legs), in particular on the fingers. The bacterium penetrates the epidermis through abrasions, cracks or abrasions on the phalanges.
In severe cases, panaritium can affect all layers of the skin, injuring fiber, tendons and bone tissue.
Panaritium appears more often on the skin of the hands
Staphylococcus aureus can also cause purulent subcutaneous inflammations, which quickly spread throughout the tissues.
One of these diseases is phlegmon. Characteristic features include:
Cellulitis penetrates into the deepest layers of the skin, which can provoke tissue death.
Cellulitis is characterized by severe swelling of the skin
The most serious disease caused by cutaneous staphylococcus. Most often, the infection occurs in adults and affects the skin of the lower extremities.
Erysipelas usually appears on the legs
The definition of staphylococcal infection is based on external clinical signs of the disease (presence of ulcers, redness and swelling of the skin, high temperature up to 40 degrees, weakness and malaise) and laboratory tests under a microscope:
Additionally, a consultation with an infectious disease specialist or surgeon may be scheduled.
To identify staphylococcus, blood is taken for analysis.
Cutaneous staphylococcus is difficult to treat and requires very long and thorough therapy.
An integrated approach to getting rid of such bacteria includes the use of several groups of medications:
Gentamicin is an antibiotic that is administered intramuscularly.
The doctor determines how to treat cutaneous staphylococcus, taking into account the characteristics of the course of the disease and the degree of its neglect.
Staphylococcus is a pathogenic bacterium that can cause severe skin diseases in humans. The most common and dangerous species is Staphylococcus aureus. The microbe provokes the development of purulent boils on any part of the body. In advanced stages, there is a risk of infection entering the internal organs.
Cutaneous staphylococcus is a very persistent bacterium, so long-term treatment is required using several groups of drugs.
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In the human body, the skin is one of the most important organs. It performs several functions at once: barrier, excretory, sensitive, thermoregulatory, storage and others. Therefore, parents should carefully monitor the condition of their baby’s skin from early childhood.
Normally, a child’s skin should be clean, smooth, without cracks or inflammation. If there are any changes on it (redness or roughness), parents should immediately pay attention to it. The child’s body signals that something has gone wrong.
If a child has dry skin, it means that the stratum corneum does not contain enough moisture. Its appearance changes - it becomes rough, wrinkled, sometimes even scaly, and loses elasticity. But that's not the worst thing. The danger lies in the fact that microcracks appear in dry skin, through which pathogenic bacteria easily penetrate into deeper layers and become the cause of the development of dermatological diseases.
Dry skin in a child usually occurs in the first three years of life in the autumn-winter period or early spring. This phenomenon can be observed both on individual parts of the body (arms, legs, face) and on its entire surface. Children's skin is very sensitive to external factors, its protective function is just developing. Therefore, when dry spots or rashes appear on the body, it is important to determine which personal hygiene items can cause irritation to the epidermis, and exclude shampoos, soaps, gels, and washing powders to which the baby may be allergic. If your child has dry skin, you should choose only hypoallergenic hygiene and laundry products, preferably without a strong odor and bright color.
You should not bathe your baby in hot water, as it tends to dry the skin; the optimal temperature for this procedure is 37°C.
Sudden changes in temperature can also cause dry skin in a child. Severe frost and cold winds often cause irritation and redness on the face and hands. Therefore, before going outside, the baby needs to lubricate exposed areas of the body with a special cream.
Heating systems operating in winter dry out the air in apartments, so it is recommended to use special humidifiers during this period.
Dry skin in a child can be an allergic reaction of the body, so you should pay attention to food. Among them may be those that provoke allergies, in particular citrus fruits and chocolate.
Quite often, children have dry skin on their feet. Especially in the summer, it loses moisture to such an extent that it begins to crack and hurt. In this case, it is better to wear open shoes with maximum air access. To avoid dust and dirt getting into the cracks, you need to wear socks. Before going to bed, be sure to wash your baby’s feet with baby soap, wipe them dry and lubricate them with massaging movements with a special softening fortified cream.
Dry skin on a child's feet is highly susceptible to infections, which can lead to complications. The familiar heat rash, diaper dermatitis, and diaper rash spread quickly if not properly cared for, and a pustular rash can even form. To avoid complications, it is necessary to show the child to the doctor as soon as possible and begin treatment.
The epidermis in young children is not yet able to retain moisture in sufficient quantities, so it has to be replenished from the outside. The choice of moisturizer must be taken seriously, since the skin reacts sharply to external irritants. If the child has very dry skin, choose a product together with the pediatrician. Most often, in such cases, doctors recommend external preparations containing urea, in particular Excipial M lotion, as well as an additional course of vitamin A for a period of two months. It is better absorbed if you drop it on a small piece of black bread before eating. In some cases, if the baby’s skin is inflamed, vitamin E, calcium supplements, and fish oil are prescribed. The dose of medication is determined by the doctor.
It is better to bathe your child without foaming detergents at all. Herbal baths are very effective in such cases. You need to mix rose petals and chamomile flowers in equal proportions, pour boiling water over it and let it brew for 15-20 minutes. After this, strain and add to water. The procedure should last at least 10 minutes. A bath with flax oil is also effective (1 tablespoon will be enough).
After bathing, you can give your baby a massage, treating the skin with a cream containing vitamin A.
Sometimes dry skin can indicate the onset of a disease. Therefore, if redness or irritation occurs, parents need to consult a doctor to make an accurate diagnosis, establish the cause and begin treatment. Dry skin in a child, mainly under the age of 1 year, often occurs with atopic dermatitis. Severely itchy, reddened areas are localized on the face, without affecting the nasolabial triangle.
Peeling and scaly formations on the elbows, knees, and cheeks may be signs of ichthyosis, a genetic disease in which the process of keratinization of cells in the body is disrupted.
If a child’s skin is very dry and peeling, most likely it is hypovitaminosis A and PP; treatment in the form of taking the necessary vitamins eliminates unpleasant symptoms.
It should be taken into account that dry skin can be caused by dehydration due to dyspeptic disorders (vomiting, diarrhea) and heavy sweating.
Dry spots on children's bodies often appear, and there is nothing unusual or scary about this, because she is very sensitive. But parents should be concerned if they do not go away for a long time. Firstly, the cause of such spots may be physiological, since in young children the fat glands are not yet fully functioning. Secondly, the condition of the skin is influenced by environmental factors (temperature and water hardness, air humidity, food, soap). At first, to soften the affected areas, you can use a product purchased at the pharmacy, for example, Panthenol. But if dry spots on the child’s skin do not disappear, you should consult a doctor, as they can be symptoms of serious diseases such as atopic dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis.
Skin ailments are usually difficult to deal with, but a correct diagnosis made in time makes the task easier. If there are signs of a particular skin disease at an early age, it is very important to immediately take action and prevent its progression. Without proper treatment in a medical facility, it can become chronic.
Dry skin prone to peeling, irritation and allergic reactions requires special care. To restore a healthy and radiant appearance to damaged facial skin, use herbal infusions, decoctions, make vegetable, berry and fruit masks, and use homemade ointments for dry skin.
In summer, our skin requires no less close attention than in other seasons. Answer the questions in our test and you will learn how to take care of your skin to avoid not only dryness, but also prevent early cell aging.
People with dry skin often experience discomfort from tightness and flaking of the skin, and often complain of increased dryness in certain areas of the body: arms, legs, elbows. The problem can also occur in people with normal and oily skin types with the development of certain diseases.
Every day, the skin of your hands is exposed to various factors: hard water, household chemicals, frost and wind. As a result, it ages quickly, becomes dry, and microcracks appear on it. Hand creams come to the rescue.
Brittle and dull hair that cannot be styled and a constant desire to scratch your head are the first symptoms of a dry scalp. Insufficient attention to the problem can lead to hair loss.
Dry skin feels rough to the touch, lacks tenderness and velvety, with flaking particles of the epidermis. Dry skin can occur throughout the body or in certain areas: hands, knees, face.
Dry facial skin brings a lot of troubles - a constant feeling of tightness, flaking, easily occurring irritations negatively affect not only your appearance, but also your mood.
A good cream for dry skin should cope with several tasks: nourish, moisturize the skin, fight flaking, relieve irritation and inflammation. Since dry skin is highly sensitive, the product should be hypoallergenic. When choosing a cream, you need to know what should be in its composition and what is strictly prohibited.
An important component of treating dry skin is diet. Compliance with nutritional rules enhances the effect of using cosmetics and helps to heal not only the skin, but the entire body.
An effective means of combating dry facial skin are masks; they can be purchased at cosmetic stores and pharmacies, or you can prepare them yourself. The advantage of homemade masks is their completely natural composition.