Since the human skin protects the body from external influences, it performs many functions and is subject to many influences. Dermatological diseases are the most common. The skin can be affected by both mild ailments and more serious ones that require professional treatment. Skin diseases on the hands require timely diagnosis and treatment. How do hand ailments manifest themselves?
The epidermis serves as a kind of barrier that protects internal tissues. He may be susceptible to various diseases. Skin defects can be associated with exposure to both external and internal factors.
Since the skin serves as protection for the entire body, one of the important preventive tasks is to protect it from the occurrence of pathologies.
It is skin diseases on the hands that are the most common cases of dermatological problems, since this part of the body is almost impossible to protect from provoking factors.
The rash that appears on the body comes in various forms. For example, the patient may find:
Important. Identifying symptoms early increases the effectiveness of treatment.
Knowing the cause of the skin disease on the arms and legs, you can prevent it from becoming chronic and other complications.
Unlike internal diseases, skin ailments have unaesthetic external manifestations, which causes not only unpleasant sensations, but also emotional suffering.
Based on the patient’s complaints, symptoms, location of sores and examination, a preliminary diagnosis is established. Further examination confirms a certain disease of the skin of the hands or refutes it.
To determine the nature of some pathologies, skin scrapings are taken with a special glass or the blunt end of a scalpel. Some research methods include palpation of the skin.
Laboratory diagnostics includes a complex of various tests. To identify the pathogen, a general blood test, urine test, and biochemical blood test are prescribed. To determine the presence of helminthic infestation, a stool test is prescribed.
The most common hand skin diseases:
The location of the skin rash is one of the criteria for diagnosing the disease, but not the main one
Depending on the lesions of the skin, the symptoms appear brightly or covertly. There are several groups of manifestations:
Any formations can be triggered by various diseases or allergic reactions.
Important. It is very difficult to independently diagnose skin diseases on the hands. Although it is possible to establish the correct diagnosis, experts recommend immediately contacting a medical facility to determine an accurate diagnosis and begin proper treatment.
One of the vulnerable places of the human body is the nails. Pathogenic microorganisms, affecting the upper extremities, also affect the nails, changing their natural shape, and the skin around them itches and turns red. The nail plates also reflect various problems in the functioning of organs. Symptoms of mycosis include thickening or brittleness of the nails and a change in their shade. Because nails peel and crumble, they do not grow back. Even after healing, the skin continues to peel for a long time.
Mycosis provokes the appearance of erysipelas, and also delays the treatment process for the latter
A person who sweats excessively, does not observe good hygiene, or has reduced protective functions is more likely, in addition to mycosis on the hands, to become a victim of a disease of the toenails or the skin around the nail plates.
Remember. Treatment of fungus takes a long time, the effectiveness of therapy depends on the correctly identified type of microorganism.
Fungus on the upper extremities is much less common than on the lower extremities. The disease may begin to develop in the legs and then move to the arms.
Erysipelas is one of the ailments that occurs on both the upper and lower extremities. Erysipelas of the skin of the legs is more common than the hands, face or other parts of the body.
Signs of inflammation vary depending on the form of the disease:
Important. To avoid complications, you must carefully follow all doctor's instructions.
Lack of treatment threatens complications from the cardiovascular system and kidneys
The wide distribution of skin diseases of the hands in humans is explained by the fact that, in addition to the protective function, the covering of the upper extremities performs a receptive function. When coming into contact with surrounding objects, it is difficult not to become infected.
Exogenous (external) factors affecting the epidermis:
Adverse external influences irritate the epidermis, causing the appearance of pigment spots, burning, and itching. Careless handling of dangerous objects may result in personal injury. And with age, the regeneration of epidermal cells is disrupted.
Important. The patient can independently diagnose the disease, but in case of an erroneous diagnosis, the situation will be aggravated by incorrect treatment. If primary symptoms are detected, it is recommended to consult a dermatologist.
Even the smallest members of the population suffer from skin defects. Allergic dermatitis is especially common. A skin reaction to an allergen manifests itself in the form of inflammation, peeling, rashes, and spots. The skin becomes dry and itchy.
Many dermatological diseases are caused by dysfunction of internal organs.
The main symptoms indicating damage to the skin include:
Endogenous (internal) causes often influence changes in the epidermal layer. The following can lead to an inflammatory process of the dermis localized on the hands:
The individual characteristics of the body, previous diseases, a tendency to allergic manifestations, and heredity are of great importance.
Each skin type needs special care; any wounds should be immediately disinfected
To avoid allergic reactions and infectious diseases, you must adhere to certain rules. There are only two main methods of prevention:
To prevent skin diseases of the lower extremities, it is also necessary to follow certain rules. Shoes must be of high quality and well ventilated. There should be no debris or dust inside. The skin of your feet should always be dry. After taking water procedures, you should wipe the skin between your fingers especially carefully. If sweating is increased, you need to take special medicinal baths. All hygiene items must be strictly individual.
All skin diseases are conventionally divided into contagious and non-contagious. Prevention is hygienic in nature. By following the rules of hygiene, you can protect yourself as much as possible from various types of skin diseases.
The appearance of inflammatory processes on the skin is common in medicine. This disease affects different parts of the body. It is important not to delay treatment and immediately consult a doctor; each type of skin disease has its own causes and features of the development mechanism. In this article we will reveal the problem of skin diseases on the legs with photographs, a detailed description of each type and methods of treatment.
The following skin diseases can be identified that can be localized on the legs:
infectious – boils, abscesses; genetic – psoriasis; neurotic (stress); tumors – moles, melanomas; autoimmune; allergic; parasitic.
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Due to the occurrence of skin diseases, they are divided into two groups:
environmental exposure: low and high temperatures, ultraviolet radiation; injuries - cuts, bruises, abrasions; infections – viruses, bacteria, fungus; failure to comply with hygiene rules; nervous system disorders: stress, depression; risk zones: beach, swimming pool, sauna, bathhouse, trying on shoes on bare feet, pedicure salon, other people's slippers.
dysfunction of internal organs: kidneys, liver, intestines; decreased immune and lymphatic systems; abnormalities in the cardiovascular system; allergic reactions; low intestinal bacterial flora; Vitamin deficiency is a lack of vitamins and microelements.
Next, we will discuss each type of disease separately in detail.
The most common disease today. It occurs in both adults and children of both sexes. It is chronic and requires long-term treatment and observation. A characteristic symptom is the uneven appearance of rashes and redness on different parts of the skin: lower legs, knee joints, feet and nail plates.
The sizes are different: associations into plaques with white or grayish scales are possible, the boundaries of the lesions are clearly visible. The disease progresses individually: in some it is acute, but quickly, in others it lasts for many years, with barely noticeable manifestations of regular plaques. Externally, psoriasis of the feet is similar to eczema and mycosis. To clarify the diagnosis, it is important to undergo a complete diagnosis.
swelling; itching; arthritis; papular rash between remissions; violation of the nail plates.
The presented photo shows lesions of the legs with psoriasis:
The treatment uses a complex of external and internal drugs. Therapy is selected taking into account the degree of development of the disease.
at a progressive stage, daily use of ointments is prescribed - salicylic 2%, fluorocord, flucinar, corticosteroid creams; stationary period - ointments that contain reducing substances with high concentrations: sulfur, naphthalan, tar and others; cryotherapy, phototherapy.
At any stage, warm baths no higher than 38 degrees Celsius with sea salt without additives are recommended up to three times a week, paraffin poultices on the hearths, and ultraviolet irradiation. Positive dynamics are observed after resort and sanatorium treatment.
Internally (strictly as prescribed by a doctor):
sedatives, drugs containing calcium, complex treatment with vitamins; photochemotherapy when taking a photosensitizer.
This type belongs to the group of allergic diseases with hereditary manifestations. The state of the nervous system plays an important role in the course of the disease. The duration of the disease is estimated in decades.
There are two forms of neurodermatitis:
Limited. Locations on the legs are the popliteal dimples, inguinal and femoral folds. Diffuse. The disease affects any area of the skin. The sores are characterized by a scaly surface, blood crusts, and cracks.
These forms are characterized by rashes in the form of nodules, which group together to form a continuous crust, and a sharp, painful itching that leaves scars when scratched.
severe itching; specific locations; peculiar rashes, characteristic allergies; spread of lesions when scratching.
The photo shows the affected areas of the child’s legs:
dry warm climate: sanatoriums in southern countries, or thermal air baths; maintain a daily routine; avoid stressful situations, rest mode; diet therapy - exclude allergenic foods; treat concomitant diseases - infections. antihistamines: vitamin therapy: physiotherapy: relaxation procedures. tar and corticosteroid ointments.
For patients, it is very important to monitor preventive vaccinations, vaccines, strict selection of blood products for transfusion, medications to avoid allergic exacerbations.
Mycosis is a common fungal disease that infects the skin of the soles, toes, and folds between the toes. The causative agent is caused by fungi of the genus Trichophyton and Candida. Once on the epidermis, they begin to actively multiply.
When scratching sores or minor injuries to the affected skin, the fungi penetrate deeper into the layers of the dermis. Thus, the infection spreads through the movement of blood throughout the human body. In children and older people, fungal infections of the skin on the feet manifest themselves in more progressive lesions and are more difficult to treat. This is due to a weak immune system.
Symptoms of the disease depend on its form:
Erased form. Early stage of infection. When examining the patient, slight peeling between the fingers and minor cracks affecting the upper layer of the epidermis are detected. These signs of mycosis do not bother the patient. Squamous form. The epidermis between the fingers peels off in flat scales, and later inflammation of the skin and mild itching are added. There are no signs of inflammation. Hyperkeratotic form. Flat papules and plaques are visualized, bluish-reddish in color. The location of the lesion is predominantly the arches of the feet. The surface of the formations is completely covered with grayish-white scales. The contours are clear, with a slight elevation represented by detached skin particles; there are formations of individual bubbles. The pathological rash can merge into groups, forming scattered foci of very large sizes. Over time, the entire sole, rear and sides of the feet are completely covered. In this form, the formation of hyperkeratotic formations (calluses) is relevant. They are painted yellow, the entire surface is damaged by cracks. The skin is dry, with minor pain and itching. Intertriginous form. The inflammation is identical to regular diaper rash. The worst lesions occur in the folds between the fingers. The skin becomes swollen a shade of red. Over time, ulcers and wetting join the existing symptoms. With delayed treatment, painful and deep cracks and erosions appear. Additionally, soreness of the affected area, itching and severe burning are noted. Dyshidrotic form. The formation of a large number of bubbles, covered with thick tires. The affected areas are the arches of the feet. Rashes tend to spread, so timely treatment is very important. When neglected, they move to the entire surface of the foot, including the toes. Small bubbles gradually begin to merge and develop into multi-chamber bubbles of significant size that can burst. In their place, erosions will appear (pink-red color). With the subsidence of the inflammatory process, three zones are formed in the places of the first localization of a large lesion: the center is pink-red smooth skin with a slight bluish tint; medium - erosions are located, from which a small amount of serous fluid is released against the background of swelling and hyperemia; periphery - multi-chamber blisters are located, itching occurs in these areas of the skin. Acute form. Manifestation of high sensitivity to fungal pathogens. Mycosis is rapidly progressing. The surface of the feet and legs becomes intensely hyperemic and very swollen, abundant vesicles and blisters with serous-purulent contents appear. Their opening leads to massive erosion; ulcers from the folds between the fingers extend beyond them. Individually expressed weakness, high body temperature, migraine, difficulty walking.
Cases of manifestation of symptoms are different: in some they are clearly expressed, in others in a hidden, erased form. When you notice the first signs of the disease, it is important to immediately contact a dermatologist to establish or deny a diagnosis.
The picture shows mycosis of the feet:
The effectiveness of treatment of mycosis depends on three factors: correct diagnosis, appropriate treatment method and discipline of the patient. It is carried out in two stages: preparatory, main.
Features of the treatment of mycosis:
It is important to prevent inflammatory processes in the lesion . This is helped by baths with a solution of potassium permanganate and boric acid. After steaming, it is necessary to carefully gradually clean the fire from scaly integuments. At the end, apply a drying ointment - salicylic, zinc paste. If your feet sweat excessively , it is recommended to sprinkle your feet with talc or powder. When the inflammatory processes are eliminated, you can begin to use antibacterial creams. When a type of fungus is identified, antifungal drugs are prescribed internally and externally - Lamisil, Nizoral, Triderm, Clotrimazole and others. The main goal in treating mycosis is to cure the fungal infection. Attention! Remove papillomas from the skin! So that they do not frighten you, this healing remedy will eliminate them overnight... Read more »
Melanoma (cancer) of the feet is the most aggressive and practically incurable of malignant tumors. It is capable of forming metastases. To detect the disease in time, regular monitoring of existing moles and age spots on the legs is important.
This form of cancer is extremely dangerous. In a short time, new formations can reach the internal organs. In one year, a terrible disease affects the lymph nodes, through them and blood vessels it penetrates into all organs - bones, brain, liver, lungs.
Melanoma can develop independently, but in most cases it hides against the background of birthmarks, creating difficulties for doctors for early diagnosis. Subungual melanoma is common, and in most cases it affects the big toes.
rapid emergence of new formations; an old mole on the leg increases in size and structure; black spots appeared in the already darkened tumor; a wide area of inflammation along the entire edge of the pigment spot on the leg; severe itching and bleeding formation on the skin.
The photo below shows melanoma of the foot:
The disease is treated in two ways:
Surgery is suitable in the initial stages. With early diagnosis, removing melanoma on the feet is not difficult. A tumor less than one millimeter in size is not considered malignant, and urgent pigment spot surgery is not required. Indicator above 1 mm – the tumor is excised. The melanoma itself and a small area of skin around the lesion are removed. Gives 100% results. Combination treatment is used for more advanced stages. The lesion exceeds 1 cm, has uneven coloring and asymmetrical edges; individual complex treatment is selected. First, a course of irradiation of the lesion is carried out, after which the tumor and a large area of adjacent tissue are excised. After such an operation, plastic surgery of the affected area is necessary. Patients require constant monitoring after treatment to prevent the appearance of new malignant melanomas. After treatment, immunotherapy is prescribed.
Athlete's foot is the most common fungal disease (ringworm) that affects the skin and nails of the feet. Warm, moist places—the epidermis between the toes—are favorable for the development and lifespan of the fungus.
They spread from a sick person to a healthy person without any obstacles: when moving without shoes, dried scales from the skin of the feet remain on the floor and then fall on the skin of the feet of a healthy person. Once on the skin of a new owner, they vigorously master it.
External signs of the disease are well disguised, so the carrier of the infection may not be aware of his problem. People who have previously suffered from this disease are primarily affected again.
Symptoms depend on the form of athlete's foot:
Squamous form. Peeling in the area of the arch of the feet is common. It can attack small areas or, conversely, the entire foot. Mild itching is characteristic. The disease can occur without symptoms, thereby worsening the epidemiological situation. At the initial stage, one foot is affected; with a protracted illness, the disease affects the second foot. Intertriginous form. Formed during the course of the squamous form. The location of the disease is between the fourth and fifth toe. This form is characterized by cracks surrounded by exfoliated epidermis between the fingers, itching and pain in localized areas. The disease attacks the folds of the toes and the foot. The disease is long-term, relapse occurs in winter. Without observation and treatment of this form, chronic “erysipelas” of the legs and thrombophlebitis develop due to streptococcal infection. Dyshidrotic form. Characteristic signs are the appearance of bubbles of different sizes. They are able to join together and form ulcerative crusts with exfoliated epidermis along the edges. The infection can progress inside and outside the lateral surfaces of the feet. Symptoms are pain and itching. When the diseased area becomes infected, the liquid in the blisters becomes cloudy and pus is released. The development of lymphangitis and lymphadenitis is acceptable. The disease has a long course, there are periods of remission and exacerbations. Athlete's nails. Yellow grooves or spots can be traced along the nail edge. Afterwards, the nail thickens and changes color to yellow. With epidermophytosis of the nail, there is a violation of the plate, it crumbles and breaks, becomes thinner and is torn off. Frequent fungal infections of the first and fifth toes have been noticed.
The goal is to destroy fungal colonies and their new growths.
Features of the treatment of epidermophytosis:
In mild cases, the affected areas are treated locally using ointments: sulfur-tar, mycozolon, Wilkinson ointment, lotions and dressings. The severe phase of the disease, accompanied by inflammatory processes, is treated with a course of broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Treatment for athlete's foot toenails begins with removing the nail, after which the nail bed is treated , where the fungus hides. Antifungal ointments, keratolyte patches, and furgicidal liquids are used.
Currently, more than three dozen types of dermatoses have been studied and described - the skin disease signals the onset of diabetes, and is also its cause.
There are several forms of diabetes mellitus:
Diabetic foot (angiopathy). Affects the circulatory system. Blood with elevated sugar levels damages blood vessels and capillaries, mainly in the feet. Microcirculation processes are disrupted, the skin becomes dry, calloused, and cracked. Even minor abrasions are subject to long healing and suppuration. Neuropathic diabetic foot. Paralyzes the tissues of the nervous system. The nerve endings of the leg muscles are destroyed. The victim loses sensitivity of the affected area, and therefore does not notice the ulcers and wounds that appear. Their aggressive development leads to complications, including gangrene. Mixed form. With this type, damage to the nervous and circulatory systems occurs. The first two forms are combined into one. Diabetic arthropathy. The damage occurs in the joints. With prolonged exacerbation of diabetes, the functions of blood supply and microcirculation are disrupted, resulting in damage to the joints of the legs. At the initial stage of the disease, a diabetic experiences joint pain when walking, swelling, and redness of the feet. Next, the shape of the foot is deformed, and the toes change shape. The skin is dry, pale, peeling, calluses and cracks appear; The affected feet have a significantly lower temperature and less sensitivity. The legs are swollen, and there is a tingling sensation in the lower legs. Deformation of the shape of the feet and nails: thickened, affected by fungi. The leg muscles weaken and atrophy. Cramps and pain appear in the legs when moving, as well as during sleep. Ulcers on the legs take a long time to heal.
The photo shows the foot of a patient with gangrene (an advanced form of arthropathy):
Treatment of foot diseases in diabetes mellitus:
First of all, it is important to bring your blood sugar levels back to normal and monitor them. Constantly inspect the skin of your feet and take care of it. If you start treating the disease, amputation of the leg cannot be avoided, otherwise the death of the patient is inevitable. If necessary, the doctor prescribes medications for blood vessels and antibiotics. Diet plays an important role. Insulin (type 1 diabetes). Drugs to lower sugar (type 2 diabetes).
Folk remedies:
Regular baths with oak bark decoction. Aloe or celandine juice. Apply to affected areas. Birch buds. Treat the outbreaks with a decoction. Baths with sea salt. Dilute one kilogram of salt in warm water, the procedure lasts 15 minutes. Aroma baths. For them, decoctions of herbs are used (mint, wormwood, oregano, thyme, chamomile, calendula and others) or from young shoots and tree branches (birch, oak, pine, alder, maple and others).
Prevention of skin diseases of the feet:
foot care: keep feet clean and dry; After water procedures, dry the skin between your fingers; choose loose, breathable shoes with good air circulation inside; use socks made from natural fabrics. Change them twice a day; dry your shoes for at least 24 hours before next use; individual replacement shoes; Even at home there should be personal items.
It is better to prevent any disease than to treat it. It is important to keep your skin clean, take care of your feet, and maintain hygiene. In case of suspicious neoplasms, do not hesitate to contact specialists, especially people at risk: chronic diseases, heredity, relapses, diabetes.
Skin diseases that appear on the legs are a fairly common occurrence in medical practice. As a rule, such ailments, in particular psoriasis on the legs and neurodermatitis, have symptoms such as flaking of the skin, itching, redness and swelling of the affected areas. Skin diseases are most often localized on the surface of the feet, knees and nails. The causes of such diseases can be many: from stress to the influence of viruses and fungi.
Leg psoriasis is a chronic skin disease characterized by rashes that form plaques. Despite its “threatening” appearance, psoriasis is not contagious. The extreme unaestheticness and severity of the disease brings the patient not so much physical as moral suffering.
Psoriasis is characterized by a wave-like course. In winter, the disease worsens, and in warmer seasons it goes into remission. Typically, this skin disease appears on the elbows and knees. In some cases, it can affect the feet and toenails. Psoriasis can be accompanied by severe itching and swelling of the affected area.
The disease has 4 stages of development, each with its own symptoms.
The progressive stage is characterized by the formation of papules that increase in size. A pronounced border forms around the rash. During the acute stage, the growth of new lesions slows down. But the rash can actively appear in places of injury, insect bites, injections, etc. Peeling of the skin and itching intensifies. During the stationary period, new foci of inflammation do not appear. Symptoms of the disease become less pronounced. The previous lesions disappear, but in their place discolored areas of skin form. The regressive stage is characterized by the formation of a white rim (Voronov's rim) around the plaques. There are no foci of psoriasis. Itching and unpleasant symptoms disappear.
Psoriasis of the feet may not be accompanied by rashes on other areas of the skin, i.e. it can be isolated.
Psoriasis on the feet is manifested by severe thickening of the skin in the affected area. The skin of the feet, having lost nutrition and elasticity, begins to crack severely. Plaques on the feet are round in shape with clear boundaries. Flakes of dead skin form on the surface of the plaques. Due to the whitish coating on the feet, the disease is called white psoriasis.
There is also such a thing as nail psoriasis. Toenails are more often affected than fingernails. Nail damage can be of several types, which have their own symptoms. Pinpoint psoriasis of the nails (when the nail is covered with small depressions), onycholysis or peeling nails (the nail peels off, becomes deformed or disappears). A whitish or yellow coating may appear on the nails, they change their shape and crumble. Various stripes and grooves form on the surface of the nails. Trachyonychia is characterized by dull nail color and a rough surface.
Sometimes psoriasis appears only on flexion areas (knees or elbows). Psoriasis appears on the knees in the same way as on other parts of the body. The affected areas of the skin on the knees peel and itch.
Modern medicine cannot give a definite answer as to why psoriasis appears. But doctors identify some factors that can provoke the disease. A group of factors includes heredity. If parents or relatives had this disease, then the likelihood of its occurrence in a person is much higher. Weakened immunity and disruption of the endocrine system can become endogenous causes of psoriasis of the nails and feet.
Constant stress and mental disorders provoke skin diseases of the legs, including psoriasis.
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Many people are interested in the question of how to treat psoriasis on the legs if it is impossible to get rid of this disease completely. Treatment for psoriasis is aimed at reducing unpleasant symptoms. A diet that limits the intake of salt, fat and sugar is recommended. Under the supervision of a doctor, therapeutic fasting and unloading of the body are carried out. Alcohol is contraindicated for patients with psoriasis on the legs.
Folk remedies can also be effective in treating psoriasis. The main thing is that home treatment is approved by your doctor. Herbal baths, homemade ointments and creams can have a beneficial effect on the condition of the skin of the feet and contribute to a speedy recovery of a person. Folk remedies will help relieve itching, swelling and redness on the feet.
There are many skin problems that can be solved quite easily at the initial stage, but turn into a huge problem when the patient’s condition is advanced.
Long-term study of the human body has shown that skin diseases are not clearly separated from problems of internal organs, which include the nervous system.
Most often, skin diseases become evidence that the body is not able to independently remove certain biochemical substances. Usually the kidneys, liver, intestines, immune and lymphatic systems are responsible for this process. If they do not function properly, toxins begin to be released through the skin, causing diseases.
This functionality is usually violated:
Naturally, starting the treatment of skin diseases without regulating other body systems is ineffective. Only a comprehensive examination and treatment of the body will help cope with the disease.
Depending on the cause of skin diseases, they are divided into the following types of skin diseases in humans:
Photos with the names of skin diseases may indicate the disease, but will never tell about its cause. This is why it is not recommended to self-medicate.
In addition to this classification, skin diseases are distinguished by their location.
Learn more about the causes of skin diseases
Most often, facial skin diseases affect a person not only with their pain, but also with their disgusting appearance, which provokes additional stress.
A person worries not only about his appearance during illness, but also about the possibility of disfiguring his appearance with improper treatment.
Facial skin diseases are especially problematic in women who carefully monitor their appearance, being public people.
Skin diseases on the face are divided into three main groups:
Purulent skin diseases account for about 40% of all human dermatological problems.
A feature of the diseases was the predisposition of patients with varicose veins, skin lesions and sweaty feet. These are contagious skin diseases that lie in wait in saunas and baths, transmitted by animals passing from the things of a sick person.
Skin diseases of this type on the face are not only very serious, but also contagious. In addition, other areas of the body can be affected. On the other hand, 90% of adults have the herpes virus, but not everyone gets it. It all depends on the general condition of the body.
There are diseases of the skin of the nose, which need to be treated by a rhinologist, whose narrow specialization will allow you to quickly and accurately determine the nature of the disease inside the nasal sinuses.
Most often we are talking about fungal diseases of the scalp, which are caused by four types of microorganisms:
One of the main signs of scalp disease is the appearance of dandruff and itching.
Especially if there was no change of water, shampoo or stress. Immediate consultation with a doctor will help identify the causative agent of the hair and scalp disease and apply the most effective treatment. In this case, we can talk about preserving the hair in its original form.
Hand skin diseases have their own characteristics. The first of these is susceptibility to infection. It is the hands that come into contact with contaminated objects or animals, are exposed to extreme temperatures, and are characterized by frequent damage to the skin.
It is not surprising that various bubbles, plaques and other unpleasant phenomena often appear on them. Dermatitis of a mechanical and allergic nature is especially common.
Hands are distinguished by the presence of nails on them, behind which foci of infection are often hidden. It is not uncommon to encounter skin diseases on the hands that affect the nail plates. Usually their carrier is a dermatophyte fungus.
Discoloration of the nail plates, itching between the fingers and the surface of the palm is mycosis, a fungal disease of the skin of the hands. In addition, the nails become brittle and begin to crumble easily.
Another hand disease, predominantly female, is onychia. This is a fungal infection that occurs due to regular injury and contact with moisture. Typical for cooks and pastry chefs, housewives.
Such dermatological skin diseases are considered occupational and are characterized by frequent relapses even in healthy people.
In addition to common forms of skin diseases of the feet, two ailments are often encountered - dermatitis and yeast fungus on the nails.
Dermatitis is a common companion for people who spend a lot of time on their feet. Grass and dust contribute to allergies and dry skin in summer. Winter time aggravates contact with clothing and shoes, which leads to mechanical damage to the skin.
Fungal diseases of the skin of the feet are common among lovers of baths, saunas and swimming pools. In addition, the spread of the disease can be caused by poor-quality shoes made of artificial material, which leaves the foot wet and promotes the growth of fungus. Moreover, candida is a fungus that is present in most organisms and is just waiting in the wings.
An indicator of this disease of the skin of the legs is not only itching and redness, but also damage to the nail, up to the separation of the plate from the bed.
Skin diseases of the feet are more likely to occur in men, overweight people, and those with foot deformities.
Children's skin diseases have additional causes. They can be the usual non-compliance with sleep and nutrition, insufficient hygiene and some household factors.
In addition, among children there is a higher percentage of diseases with a genetic predisposition.
Skin diseases in children require immediate attention from specialists, as they are a signal of serious disorders that require intervention.
Photos and descriptions of skin diseases are widely distributed on the Internet, but it is not always possible to make an accurate diagnosis from them.
It is unrealistic to identify a skin disease by photo and name, but you can roughly navigate a large number of unpleasant symptoms and determine which doctor you should contact for help.
This will not always be a dermatologist.
Local itching occurs in the anal area (hemorrhoids, proctitis, worms), skin in the scalp area (seborrhea), and external genitalia (candidiasis). A visit to a dermatologist is necessary if the itching continues for a period of 2 weeks, insomnia, spreads throughout the body, accompanied by redness, changes in weight, stool, and fatigue.
Most often we are talking about infections when there is a history of preliminary contact with patients and the rash is accompanied by other symptoms. All types of allergies can be accompanied by a rash. In case of problems with the circulatory system, a rash appears when vascular permeability is impaired and disorders associated with the quantity and quality of platelets.
The same type of rash can represent different types of skin diseases. In this case, the rash itself can be in the form of vesicles, ulcers, erythema, purpura, nodules and nodules, blisters, spots.
An experienced specialist can accurately determine the symptoms of skin diseases in a person, who compares the person’s medical history with the results of laboratory tests, and based on these facts makes a diagnosis.
Before treating skin conditions, it is imperative to visit a specialist. Only after a detailed interview with the patient, examination of the affected areas of the body and laboratory tests can an accurate diagnosis be made, and, therefore, correctly treat the patient.
Typically, treatment of skin diseases takes place at home or in a day hospital.
Ointments, creams, and sometimes tablets are used. General antibiotics are prescribed only in difficult cases; often local use is sufficient.
Unfortunately, skin diseases in people in many cases require a long-term and careful approach. Incomplete treatment threatens not just relapses, but transition to a chronic form.
Treatment of skin diseases with folk remedies in the initial stages is quite effective. Most recipes use herbs that have antihistamine, immunomodulatory and antiseptic properties. Oils, in particular burdock, have become especially popular. Its use is effective for many scalp diseases. Thyme is great for allergies, chamomile and calendula will relieve itching and inflammation.
These affordable remedies are at hand in almost every home, and if it is not possible to immediately see a doctor, they will help you fight discomfort for a short time.
Special care is required for animals. Regular examinations by a veterinarian should become the norm, as should the use of anti-parasite medications.
Skin diseases are transmitted through close contact. Choose your acquaintances carefully and adhere to sanitary standards if a sick person appears in the house.
In order to prevent skin diseases from appearing on the face, in addition to decorative cosmetics, you should carry out active facial skin care. Dry and oily skin can be a problem.
This also applies to age-related changes. Creams and masks that match the type will help make her as healthy as possible, and, therefore, skin diseases will not overtake her suddenly.
Skin diseases of the scalp in humans often begin with a beautiful, fluffy hairstyle on public transport. Similarly, such delights are inappropriate in children's institutions, where the presence of one patient quickly develops into a real epidemic.
The use of preventive measures cannot completely eliminate the presence of the disease.
If the first symptoms appear, it is better to consult a doctor and solve the problem without delay than to suffer for a long time, waste significant money on medications and get external deformity in addition.
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Skin diseases of the legs. Is a bunion, callus, ingrown toenail or severe case of athlete's foot causing you extreme pain and discomfort? Learn everything about foot diseases and their treatment and may your feet always be healthy.
A bunion or bone growth at the base of the big toe cannot be missed.
A bunion is a bump at the base of the big toe. It causes the thumb to move towards the other fingers. As a result, the bone protrudes and a lump grows at the base of the finger. Bursitis can cause severe pressure or arthritis pain and can also cause calluses. In this case, painkillers, soft pads to soften the growth, special inserts in shoes or surgery help. In addition, you should not wear tight shoes or too high heels.
Calluses (left) and callosal thickenings (right).
Constant friction is the cause of hard calluses and callous thickenings that form to protect delicate skin. Cone-shaped calluses cut into the skin and appear in areas that receive stress. Callous thickenings form in the place where there is the slightest friction, but they are not as pronounced as calluses. Both are caused by shoes that are too tight and gradually go away when the friction stops. Shoes made of moleskin can reduce the discomfort of calluses, and calloused nubs can be trimmed or surgically trimmed.
"Gouty finger", Gout.
A form of arthritis that is characterized by sudden pain, redness, swelling, and hardness, most often in the joint of the big toe. Gout can also appear on the feet, ankles, or knees. Gout is caused by excess uric acid (UA) in the blood, which forms heavy crystals and deposits in the joints. Attacks can last for days or weeks. Anti-inflammatory drugs or medications that reduce the level of sUA in the blood are used for treatment. Talk to your doctor about prescribing a diet to help lower your blood levels.
A plantar wart appears as a hard, slightly swollen patch of skin with black spots.
Plantar warts are hard, calloused growths that form on the sole of the foot. The infection occurs as a result of a virus that enters the body through cracked skin in public swimming pools and showers. A plantar wart is painless and does not require treatment, but sometimes it causes such pain that it cannot be ignored. Salicylic acid for external use may help. In more serious cases, more aggressive methods are used - burning, freezing, laser therapy, surgical removal.
Interdigital infection is a very common type of athlete's foot.
Athlete's foot is a fungal infection that can cause peeling, redness, itching, burning, and sometimes blisters and ulcers. Contagious, spread through direct contact or through places such as locker rooms and swimming pools. After infection, the fungus begins to develop intensively in shoes, especially in tight ones where there is insufficient air circulation. Athlete's foot is usually treated with topical antifungal ointments or internal medications for more severe cases.
Fungal infections on the nails are more common on the feet than on the hands.
A microscopic fungal virus penetrates microcracks in the nail and causes fungal infections. As a result of infection, nails may become thicker, discolored, and break. If left untreated, the infection will not go away on its own. And if you start it, it will be much more difficult to get rid of it later. Favorable conditions for the development of fungus are warm, humid places. The fungus can be transmitted from person to person. For minor infections, it is enough to use topical ointment; for more serious cases, antifungal tablets are used.
A hammertoe is a curvature of the middle joint of the toe.
When the muscles in your fingers become twisted, it can cause pain. Some people are prone to such curvature, while others risk wearing tight shoes. The curvature causes compression of the middle joint of the finger. The joints seem to rise up. The problem can be solved by wearing comfortable shoes with enough room for the toes or by surgical intervention.
Flat feet can occur on one leg or on both legs at once.
Flat feet (pes planus) is when the sole of the foot completely or almost completely touches the ground. It can be inherited from parents, or it can be caused by injury or certain diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Symptoms of flat feet are problems with choosing shoes, the inability to stand for a long time, as this causes pain. Treatment: foot strengthening exercises, shoes with insoles or orthopedic shoes.
An ingrown toenail most often appears on the big toe.
A nail that has grown into the skin of a finger can cause severe pain, redness, swelling, and even infection. Trimming your nails too short or unevenly, or wearing tight shoes can all damage your nails. For minor cases, immerse your foot in warm water, wash, then pry the edge of the ingrown toenail and pull it out of the skin. In more complex cases, part of the nail or the entire nail is surgically removed.