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Physiotherapeutic procedures for arthritis

25 Jun 18

Physiotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis: pros and cons

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that can develop in a person of any age. The causes of rheumatoid arthritis are not known for certain. Symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis include fatigue, stiffness in the joints after rest, and swelling in the affected joints. In some cases, arthritis can be asymptomatic for a long time.

If rheumatoid arthritis is not treated, deformation and then destruction of the affected joint occurs very quickly. Which ultimately leads to loss of ability to work and disability.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease that occurs with periods of exacerbations and remission (when the person is practically not bothered by the disease). Treatment of this disease is aimed at prolonging periods of remission, mitigating the symptoms of the disease, preventing disability and improving the quality of life.

Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

In the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticosteroids, gold preparations, chondroprotectors, etc. are used. In severely advanced forms of arthritis, when the joint is completely destroyed, surgical treatment methods are used.

During treatment with medications, a person with rheumatoid arthritis must follow a diet. When taking medications, the patient should reduce the consumption of protein foods (meat, fish, eggs, legumes, soy, mushrooms, etc.)

Also, the patient should not bear heavy weights (more than 5 kg), he should not be overtired; in the middle of the day, a patient with rheumatoid arthritis will benefit from a two-hour rest. It is necessary to reduce travel by transport as much as possible. You also need to get rid of bad habits: smoking and excessive coffee consumption, and, if possible, reduce your body weight to normal.

During remission, patients with rheumatoid arthritis are recommended to engage in therapeutic exercises. There are a number of special exercises that help restore the functions of various joints. For rheumatoid arthritis, visiting the pool is recommended: swimming has a beneficial effect on sore joints and strengthens muscles.

Physiotherapy is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis after the acute symptoms of the disease have been relieved, blood tests have returned to normal and body temperature has returned to normal. During the remission stage of rheumatoid arthritis, the following physiotherapeutic procedures can be used:

  • balneotherapy;
  • ultrasound;
  • For inflammation of the joints, hydrogen sulfide baths can have a good therapeutic effect. This procedure increases blood circulation, improves nutrition of diseased joints and adjacent tissues. Hydrogen sulfide baths are taken at a water temperature of 33-36 degrees Celsius for 7-15 minutes.

    Also indicated for arthritis:

  • iodine-bromine baths at a temperature of 36-38 degrees, for 10-15 minutes, every other day;
  • radon baths – 36-37 degrees, 10-12 minutes, every other day;
  • sage baths and pine baths – 35-37 degrees, 10-15 minutes, every other day.
  • Usually 10-15 sessions of therapeutic baths are prescribed.

    The use of therapeutic mud helps improve blood supply and delivery of nutrients to the diseased joint, which stimulates restoration processes in the joint. The course of mud therapy is 10-20 procedures, which are carried out every 1-2 days at a mud temperature of 43-44 degrees for 15-30 minutes.

    The effect of laser on the source of inflammation and adjacent tissues helps to activate the processes of joint restoration. Contraindications for laser therapy include diabetes mellitus and the presence of benign tumors in the irradiated areas.

    The effect of acupuncture depends on the choice of acupuncture point, the nature and force of needle insertion. Acupuncture is indicated to relieve pain, spasms and cramps. The acupuncture method is based on two opposite reactions – inhibition and excitation.

    The braking reaction is contraindicated for elderly people and children. With this method, 2-3 needles are inserted to a depth of 1.5-9 cm and left there from 30 minutes to several hours.

    During an excitation reaction, 5-10 needles are simultaneously inserted to a depth of 0.3-0.5 cm for 0.5-2 minutes. This method has no age restrictions.

    If the acupuncture technique is followed, there are no serious complications.

    Magnetotherapy allows you to heat the joint and adjacent muscles and ligaments by 2-3 degrees Celsius, even if the joint is located at a depth of 9-12 cm from the surface of the body. This procedure improves blood circulation in the area of ​​the affected joint, promotes the resorption of swelling, and activates the mechanisms of restoration of the cartilage tissue of the joint.

    Magnetic therapy is contraindicated for cancer, tuberculosis, pregnancy, blood and heart diseases.

    Massage in the area of ​​affected joints increases blood flow to them, reduces swelling, reduces pain and increases joint mobility. With rheumatoid arthritis, patients are taught the simplest elements of self-massage so that they can independently knead tense muscle groups.

    UHF therapy consists of exposing the affected joint and adjacent tissues to a high-frequency magnetic field (wavelengths from 1 to 10 m, which can penetrate living tissue to great depths), which reduces pain in the joint and slows down the spread of the disease to neighboring areas. fabrics. UHF relieves swelling and prevents the formation of free radicals in the joint. The UHF course is 12-15 procedures for 6-12 minutes daily. Contraindications include vegetative-vascular dystonia, hypertension, heart rhythm disturbances.

    The impact of ultrasound on a diseased joint activates metabolic processes in it, due to which inflammation decreases, swelling goes away faster, and joint tissue begins to recover faster. Typically, 10-12 ultrasound treatment procedures are prescribed for 10 minutes daily.

    Since ultrasound is poorly reflected from air, contact media such as Vaseline and glycerin are used during treatment. For arthritis, ultraphonophoresis with hydrocortisone can be prescribed: in this case, a medicinal mixture in the form of an ointment or emulsion is used as a contact medium.

    Ultrasound treatment is contraindicated for angina pectoris and ankylosing spondylitis.

    Ultraviolet irradiation

    Medium wave ultraviolet irradiation (SUV irradiation) is used to reduce joint pain. In this procedure, the affected joint is irradiated with ultraviolet light until the skin turns red. Due to this procedure, the sensitivity of the nerves in the joint area is reduced and pain is reduced. Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, the formation of vitamin D3 in the body increases. Usually 5-6 sessions of SUV irradiation are prescribed, which are carried out every other day. Contraindications to the use of this physiotherapeutic method include renal failure, lupus erythematosus, and cerebrovascular accident.

    If you have rheumatoid arthritis, medicinal electrophoresis (novocaine) may be prescribed. In this procedure, a drug is introduced into the body using a direct electric current. Thanks to this method of administering drugs, they begin to have a noticeable therapeutic effect on the affected joint even at small doses.

    Physiotherapeutic procedures can be prescribed by the attending physician in the absence of contraindications. These procedures increase blood supply to the joints, improve their mobility and reduce deformity. But sometimes physiotherapeutic procedures can, on the contrary, increase inflammation in the joint.

    General contraindications for physiotherapeutic procedures are: high body temperature, blood diseases, active form of tuberculosis, renal failure, malignant neoplasms.

    How can physical therapy help with rheumatoid arthritis?

    Physiotherapeutic procedures are one of the important factors that can have a positive effect on the treatment of diseases associated with joint diseases. Today we will talk about such a very insidious disease as arthritis, namely about its variety - rheumatoid arthritis, as well as physiotherapy that can be used to treat it.

    What causes rheumatoid arthritis and why is it dangerous?

    Rheumatoid arthritis is a type of arthritis that affects patients of all ages. The root cause for this is a malfunction in the human immune system, when healthy human organs are perceived as a threat and are attacked. The danger boils down to the fact that if not treated in a timely manner, the damaging processes of the disease spread very quickly by the body, which leads to the destruction of a person’s joints and further incapacity (disability).

    The course of rheumatoid arthritis occurs in waves - the phase of acute symptoms is replaced by a stage of remission.

    At this stage, doctors prescribe medications that relieve inflammation and relieve pain. The remission phase is practically asymptomatic.

    Why are physiotherapy treatments so important?

    Physiotherapeutic methods for treating rheumatoid arthritis are part of an integrated approach that are necessary for the best effect in the process of curing this disease. Unfortunately, this disease is classified as chronic, so all treatment of rheumatoid arthritis comes down to one thing - to reduce the impact on the body and relieve the symptoms of the disease as much as possible.

    Physiotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis can improve the motor activity of the joint, strengthen the muscle corset around the diseased joint, and partially relieve pain. Therefore, physiotherapy is often combined with medication.

    Contraindications and main factors influencing the choice of procedures

    The main factors that the doctor relies on when prescribing physiotherapeutic procedures are:

  • phase of the disease - acute, subacute or remission;
  • patient's health status (contraindications);
  • age category of the patient.
  • There are a number of general contraindications for physiotherapeutic treatments for rheumatoid arthritis:

  • high temperature of the patient;
  • blood diseases;
  • tuberculosis, namely its active phase;
  • neoplasms;
  • renal failure.
  • In addition to the above contraindications, each method of physiotherapy has its own, which your doctor will definitely familiarize you with.

    Physiotherapy as a component of treatment for rheumatoid arthritis

    Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis should be carried out comprehensively, this allows not only to relieve symptoms, but also to strengthen the muscles around the diseased joint. This is where physiotherapy can help.

    Despite the fact that the main emphasis in the acute phase is on drug treatment, the following types of physical therapy can also be used:

  • irradiation of diseased joints with ultraviolet light. Irradiation can reduce the patient's pain in the affected joint. The effect of this physiotherapeutic procedure is based on reducing the sensitivity of nerve endings under the influence of ultraviolet waves. Contraindications to these procedures are: impaired cerebral circulation, lupus erythematosus, renal failure;
  • electrophoresis with such active drugs as novocaine, salicylate, heparin. The effects of the drugs are aimed at blocking the inflammatory process in the affected area and relieving pain.
  • The subacute phase allows you to supplement the prescribed treatment with the following physiotherapeutic procedures:

  • irradiation with electromagnetic waves of the decimeter range (UHF - therapy), which allows you to warm up the muscles, while relieving spasms;
  • warming the affected area with light therapy devices;
  • influence of a magnetic field on a sore spot (magnetic therapy). At this stage, you can use both low-intensity (pulse) and low-frequency magnetic therapy.
  • During remission you will have a positive effect:

  • balneotherapy: hydrogen sulfide, iodine - bromine, radon, pine sage baths. Balneotherapy improves blood circulation and nutrition of the affected area;
  • mud therapy acts similarly to balneotherapy, also improving the delivery of blood and medicinal substances to the diseased area, stopping inflammatory processes;
  • professional massage and self-massage. Massage allows you to increase blood flow, relieve swelling and pain in the joint, and increase the range of movement of the limb;
  • local and general cryotherapy.
  • Acupuncture method as a method of physiotherapy

    This method of physiotherapy deserves special consideration, since it gives a noticeable effect in the fight against rheumatoid arthritis.

    How does acupuncture work:

  • the braking method has a sedative, analgesic, and desensitizing effect on the body. In addition, this method lowers the patient’s blood pressure. The positive side is that there is no age limit;
  • the stimulation method is used to tone the muscles around the sore joint and stimulate their motor activity.
  • Contraindications for acupuncture are:

  • neoplasms (benign, malignant);
  • loss of strength and exhaustion of the patient;
  • elderly age;
  • inappropriate behavior of the patient (alcohol, drug addiction, psychosis).
  • Well, we hope that our article helped you understand the intricacies of physical therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, and you will be able to fully use our recommendations for the treatment of this disease.

    Physiotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis: treatment with homeopathy

    Rheumatoid arthritis, due to its autoimmune origin, can be diagnosed in a person at any age.

    However, the causes that cause rheumatoid arthritis still remain unknown.

    The main symptoms include very rapid fatigue and stiffness in the joints, which appears after rest. Sometimes swelling in the joint is observed.

    It is worth noting right away that this type of arthritis can develop for a long time with virtually no symptoms. However, if treatment for rheumatoid arthritis is not started, the processes of joint deformation begin.

    This process can lead to the patient’s loss of ability to work and disability. It is also important to know that rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease.

    It can occur with exacerbations and periods of complete remission, without disturbing the patient at all, therefore the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is primarily aimed at prolonging periods of remission, as well as preventing joint deformation and mitigating symptoms and pain.

    It is in this regard that it is interesting to consider how physical therapy will work for rheumatoid arthritis.

    Basic principles of treatment

    First, let's look at the basic principles by which rheumatoid arthritis is treated.

    Here we immediately note the use:

  • anti-inflammatory drugs,
  • glucocorticosteroids,
  • gold preparations,
  • chondroprotectors.
  • If the form of arthritis is complicated and the joint is almost completely destroyed, surgical treatment methods are used.

    A prerequisite is to follow a diet; the diet should almost completely exclude the consumption of protein foods: soy, legumes, mushrooms, meat, eggs, fish.

    In addition, we note some more rules that provide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis:

  • the patient should not lift or carry weights exceeding 5 kilograms,
  • it is necessary to avoid overwork,
  • It is recommended to take a two-hour rest or midday nap during the day,
  • reduce travel as much as possible,
  • It will be necessary to eliminate bad habits, cigarettes, coffee, alcohol,
  • weight loss is welcome
  • During remission of the disease, patients are recommended to undergo therapeutic exercises. There are exercises that are great for restoring most joint function in rheumatoid arthritis.

    A visit to the pool will be very good for the patient; swimming is an excellent exercise for affected joints.

    As for physical therapy, treatment of this type of arthritis is possible after acute symptoms of the disease are excluded and relieved.

    Such physiotherapeutic procedures include:

  • mud therapy;
  • magnetic therapy;
  • massage;
  • UHF;
  • acupuncture;
  • laser therapy;
  • ultraviolet irradiation;
  • electrophoresis.
  • homeopathy
  • Balneotherapy and mud therapy

    Using the balneotherapy method can give an excellent therapeutic effect when taking hydrogen sulfide baths.

    The procedure helps increase blood circulation, which leads to improved nutrition of diseased joints and the tissue around them.

    The most common baths are radon, sage, and pine. The usual course of treatment is designed for 10-15 sessions of therapeutic baths. It is enough to stay in the bath for 10-15 minutes a day.

    As for mud therapy, this method helps improve blood circulation and nutrition of joints and tissues.

    The use of therapeutic mud stimulates all regeneration processes in the damaged joint. As a rule, a course of mud treatment is designed for 10-20 procedures, which are carried out every 1-2 days.

    Modern technologies and treatment

    In order to activate all regeneration processes of damaged joints, laser exposure is used.

    This modern method has its contraindications, first of all, systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus or the presence of a tumor in the area that should be irradiated.

    The next modern method used to treat rheumatoid arthritis is magnetic therapy.

    The method makes it possible to warm up the joint and tissues around it by several degrees. This is the procedure:

  • improves blood circulation in the damaged joint,
  • helps relieve swelling,
  • activate regeneration mechanisms of both joint tissue and cartilage tissue.
  • UHF therapy is another method that affects the affected joints. A high-precision magnetic field is used, which allows it to penetrate tissue to great depths.

  • reduces pain in the joint,
  • stops the spread of rheumatoid arthritis,
  • relieves swelling,
  • has a depressing effect on the formation of free radicals in the joint area.
  • The course is usually designed for 12-15 procedures, one procedure lasts from 6 to 12 minutes.

    Another method is ultrasound exposure of the diseased joint. For example, ultrasound with hydrocortisone for joint disease can activate all metabolic processes in the joints and tissues around them, this leads to the fact that inflammation is significantly reduced, swelling resolves, and tissues are able to recover at an accelerated pace.

    Another interesting method is ultraviolet irradiation treatment. This irradiation is carried out to reduce pain in the joints.

    The duration of irradiation should lead to redness of the skin, after which the sensitivity of the nerve in the area of ​​the affected joint decreases and, accordingly, the pain syndrome decreases.

    In addition, ultraviolet radiation increases the production of vitamin D3 in the body.

    And we will finish the review of technological methods of physiotherapy with electrophoresis. This method allows the administration of drugs using a direct electrical current.

    As a result of this administration, the medicine begins to have a beneficial effect on the affected joint, even at a minimal dose.

    Physical therapy and arthritis may be contraindicated if:

  • high body temperature,
  • blood diseases,
  • tuberculosis,
  • renal failure,
  • oncological diseases.
  • Physiotherapy for arthritis also involves the use of treatment methods such as acupuncture and massage.

    In the first case, acupuncture is indicated to eliminate pain, and most importantly, spasms and cramps in the muscles around the affected joint.

    As for massage, this effect helps to increase blood flow to the affected area, reduces swelling and relieves pain to some extent. At the same time, the motor function of the joints increases.

    Separately, it can be noted that with rheumatoid arthritis, patients are recommended to undergo simple self-massage, which will allow them to independently knead tense muscle groups.

    Treatment using homeopathy is quite effective and is explained by the fact that it is aimed exclusively at eliminating the root cause of rheumatoid arthritis, and not just eliminating symptoms.

    Homeopathy assumes that the main stage of treatment will be the selection of a combination of drugs for the patient on an individual basis.

    Often in homeopathy treatment a drug such as Apis is used. The proportions are selected individually for each patient, depending on his weight and body characteristics.

    Treatment together with the drug Apis can be supplemented with a special ointment, the active ingredient of which is belladonna.

    If the pain syndrome affects the ligament apparatus and intensifies even in a calm state, then homeopathy prescribes the use of “Rus Toxicodendron”, which can be offered in the form of an ointment or special oil.

    Another drug could be Fitolyakka. The drug is suitable for overweight patients who experience joint pain both at rest and during movement.

    If the knee or hip joints are affected, the drug Calcarea carbonica is recommended.

    Separately, it can be noted that some drugs in homeopathy, such as Teridona and Staphysagria, can be used not only for rheumatoid arthritis, but also in the treatment of vascular insufficiency.

    Basic treatment methods for knee arthritis

    Treatment of knee arthritis is necessarily comprehensive and should be aimed not only at eliminating pain symptoms, but also at eliminating the etiology of the disease.

    The main methods of combating gonitis include the following:

  • drug treatment (medicines, preparations, injections, ointments);
  • physiotherapy;
  • Exercise therapy, gymnastics, yoga;
  • traditional methods, homeopathic remedies;
  • diet and nutrition (products, menu).
  • Treatment of arthritis takes a long time and does not always lead to complete healing.

    Any patient with knee joint problems should remember that a lot of time will pass from the moment of initial diagnosis and the start of treatment to the complete completion of therapy, especially if the disease is in an advanced stage. If treatment is not started in a timely manner, conservative methods, as a rule, are powerless, and then it will be necessary to resort to the help of surgeons.

    Each type of gonitis will require its own (individual) approach, since the mechanism of development, causes of the disease and symptoms will be different in each case.

    Infectious arthritis occurs when pathogenic microorganisms enter the cavity of the knee joint, therefore antibiotics, antimycotic and antiviral agents are prescribed. With a purulent form of arthritis, it is important to puncture the joint to reduce the contents in the cavity and subsequently administer antibiotics.

    Tuberculous arthritis must be treated using special anti-tuberculosis drugs according to a regimen for at least six months.

    When treating gonitis of autoimmune origin (arthritis with scleroderma and dermatomyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus), which are characterized by systemic damage to connective tissue, they have their own characteristics, but the main points of treatment are similar.

    For the treatment of psoriatic and gouty arthritis of the knee joints, substances are used that influence the pathogenesis of gout itself. A certain role here is played by steroid substances and NSAIDs and agents that reduce the synthesis and increase the excretion of uric acid salts from the body, preventing their deposition in the joints. For psoriasis, cytostatics are also used (methotrexate, sulfasalazine, cyclosporine, colchicine).

    Conservative treatment of the disease

    Drug treatment includes the use of the following:

  • NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs);
  • chondroprotectors;
  • steroids (steroid hormones);
  • vitamins and restoratives.
  • Mloxicam has antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects

    The basis of the therapeutic treatment of the knee joint is the use of NSAIDs, which are the basic drugs for eliminating any serious inflammatory process, including arthritis. Non-steroidal drugs help eliminate pain symptoms, relieve inflammation in the articular cartilage of the knee joint, adjacent ligaments and synovium. Along with the popular, at different times, aspirin, ortofen and paracetamol, NSAIDs are used today for knee arthritis: olfen, rheumoxicam, nimesulide, almiral. Both the “old” and new drugs are almost identical in their mechanism of action and have similar side effects, including changes in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, toxic effects on the liver, and a tendency to bronchospasms and bleeding.

    Local therapy, ointment and gel

    Treatment of knee arthritis with local medications is indicated as distracting and warming gels and ointments. The most common are: apisatron, finalgon, histalgon. They are applied from above to the surface of the skin in the area of ​​the sore knee and rubbed dry; their effect occurs as quickly as possible, but does not last long. Both ointments and gels with anti-inflammatory effects are needed for short-term and quick relief of the condition. They are not suitable as the only cure for arthritis.

    Steroid hormones are most often used as injections, when the drug is injected directly into the cavity of the knee joint. The most popular are: Kenalog, hydrocortisone suspension and diprospan. But the patient should remember that although steroid drugs help well, relieving symptoms, they have no less side effects than NSAIDs.

    Chondroprotectors - medications that contain components of articular cartilage (chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine) - are involved in the restoration of metabolic processes in the cartilage of the knee joint. They help prevent the formation of a more complex pathological process in the knee, and prevent the development of periarthritis. Available in tablets, injections and powders.

    Important! Treatment of knee arthritis with tablets containing components of cartilage tissue ensures absorption of about 25% of the drug into the blood.

    IM injections of Rumalon can be combined with taking chondroitin complex (combined drug). It should be remembered that chondroprotectors have a noticeable effect on the body only with long-term continuous use.

    Vitamins and restoratives

    Vitamins B and C, as well as immunostimulants (tactivin, methyluracil, levamisole) are considered especially valuable in the treatment of inflammation in the knee joint. All components help enhance metabolic processes in the body and have a beneficial effect on the affected knee. As a result of their use, the patient normalizes the optimal formation of synovial fluid, eliminates inflammation and the phenomenon of periarthritis. Depending on the type of knee arthritis, antibiotics, most often broad-spectrum, specific antitumor or antituberculosis drugs, can be used.

    Physiotherapeutic methods and complex of movements

    Let's consider the main methods, which are based on physical activity.

    Physiotherapeutic procedures

    Magnetic therapy, like any treatment method, has contraindications

    Physiotherapy has proven itself in the treatment of arthritis in the knee joint, but, like massage, can only be used when the patient is recovering or in remission of the disease. Phonophoresis procedures with hydrocortisone, paraffin therapy, UHF and magnetic therapy are indicated. It is good to combine physiotherapy and exercise therapy. Physical therapy not only helps to increase and restore the range of motion in an arthritic knee, but also strengthens the frame of muscles and ligaments, which helps eliminate further relapses of gonitis.

    Gymnastics for knee problems

    Exercises for an arthritic knee should only be prescribed by the attending physician based on the stage of the disease and its type. It is best to apply stress to the knee while lying down on a flat (hard) surface.

    I.p. – on your back, arms extended upward, legs straight. From this position they stretch, trying to “straighten” the joints as much as possible;

    I.p. - Same. The toes of the feet are stretched (as you inhale), and the heels are stretched as you exhale, after which you need to make circular movements with your feet. In the same position, lift the legs alternately (do not bend the knees) and simultaneously perform the main elements of the exercise.

    “Bicycle” is included in almost any exercise therapy complex, including for knee arthritis. It is necessary to perform circular movements with your legs bent at the knee and hip joints.

    “Butterfly” - you need to spread your knees with your feet closed, followed by raising your head.

    “Bridge” - the patient lifts the pelvis with support on the heels and shoulder girdle. Then you need to rest your forehead against the knee of the limb bent and brought to the chest. It is necessary to treat the disease in this way from 5 to 8 times, but if sharp painful sensations appear in the knee area, all exercises should be stopped.

    Yoga therapy for knee arthritis

    The knee joint is a fragile structure; to prevent the development of a more complex disease with arthritis, it is important to follow simple rules:

  • Yoga exercises should be done 4 times a week, preferably after a warm shower;
  • only a slow pace, no sudden movements or jerks; excess stress during knee arthritis can aggravate the disease.
  • Yoga therapy includes a number of complex exercises that your doctor will help you choose

    “Living joints” - back straight, feet shoulder-width apart. Then place your hands on your hips, and your legs should be slightly bent at the knees. You can imagine that you are in a jar of jam, and it is important to “wipe” it from the walls by twisting your buttocks and thighs. This exercise is repeated 5 times in each direction.

    “Resting tree” - lying on your back, legs and arms extended along the body. You need to start the exercises with an arthritic leg, making 5 circular movements of the foot in each direction. After which you need to repeat the rotational movements left and right with both knees, 5 times, as if you were drawing circles on the ceiling.

    I.p. lying down, the sore leg in a bent position, the foot pressed tightly to the knee of the other leg. Place your arms behind your back, as if stretching. Take 3-10 deep breaths, with your hands alternately pull your right and left knees to your stomach, then straighten your legs and slowly place them on the floor.

    The term “massage” implies a system of various manipulations in the area of ​​the knee joint for arthritis. They are aimed at restoring and stimulating the nervous, muscular and circulatory systems. Massage has a beneficial effect on the circulatory system, expanding the subcutaneous capillaries and thus improving blood circulation in the knee joint during arthritis.

    In the treatment of arthritis, massage is used outside the stage of the disease, during the period of remission. In case of pain, it relieves pain, promotes the resorption of effusion, and in severe forms of arthritis (contractures and ankylosis), using massage in combination with other physiotherapeutic agents (heat, water procedures, physical therapy) can mitigate the effects of arthritis, improve or restore joint mobility. The affected areas of the knee are better supplied with oxygen (with increased blood flow) and necessary elements, which means a faster recovery.

    How was the disease treated before?

    Treatment with folk remedies has long been firmly established in modern life. With the help of various herbs and homeopathic remedies, knee arthritis can be significantly improved. But, before trying them on yourself “blindly,” it would be wiser to consult with your doctor so as not to aggravate the development of the pathological process.

    Some recipes for knee arthrosis:

    1. heat the flax seeds, pour them into a linen bag and apply to sore knees. Instead of flax seeds, you can use heated salt or river sand for arthritis;
    2. “break” the cabbage leaf until the juice comes out, warm it up a little in the microwave, grease it with honey and apply it to the sore knee, strengthen it on top and insulate it with a pure woolen item. It is good to do such compresses at night, the pain goes away after 2-3 sessions;
    3. compresses made from pharmaceutical bile relieve inflammation in the knee joint well and promote rapid recovery from arthritis;
    4. kefir and chalk, a good remedy for arthritis. It is necessary to make a paste-like mixture, apply it to the knee, cover with cling film on top and insulate it.
    5. What is best to eat for joint inflammation?

      Nutrition for arthritis must be properly balanced

      The diet for an inflamed knee joint is prescribed as a general one; there is no exact set of products, and nutrition for arthritis can only be developed by the attending physician, based on concomitant diseases and the individual characteristics of the body. Each type of arthritis occurs for its own reasons, so if the problem is poor diet or excessive stress on the knee joint, it is important to choose a low-calorie diet if your knees are suffering from excess weight.

      A balanced diet consisting of all food groups will ease the course of the disease and help in the fight against arthritis:

    6. Vegetables and fruits;
    7. Bread and cereals;
    8. Dairy products;
    9. Lean meat and poultry.
    10. Surgical intervention

      If knee arthritis does not respond to all possible interventions, then the patient is prescribed surgery, which has several options:

    11. arthroscopy (fiber optic technology), allows a specialist to “look” inside the knee joint, clean out the “garbage” and “repair” the damaged joint;
    12. osteotomy. It straightens the knee joint;
    13. prosthetics (full or partial), in which the damaged articular surface is surgically replaced with metal or plastic.
    14. Many patients are interested in: is it possible to cure arthritis in the knee joint? But, it should be remembered that using only traditional methods, physiotherapy or a complex of exercise therapy will help little in getting rid of arthritis; it is important to take into account the general condition of the human body, the degree of the pathological focus or the cause of the disease.

      Physical therapy - along with arthritis medications

      In its active phase, arthritis is treated with medications, the purpose of which is to relieve acute inflammation, heat and pain. When these symptoms go away, treatment for arthritis does not end there: physical therapy is added to medications. What methods of physiotherapy are used for arthritis of the joints?

      Physiotherapy methods in the treatment of arthritis

      The type of procedures chosen depends on:

    15. from a type of arthritis
    16. severity of the disease
    17. presence of contraindications
    18. patient's age
    19. Types of Physical Therapy Treatments

      Typically, the following general physiotherapeutic procedures are prescribed for arthritis:

    20. Ultraviolet irradiation (UVR)
    21. Electro- and phonophoresis
    22. Massage
    23. Magnetic therapy
    24. Manual therapy
    25. Balneo-mud treatment
    26. Paraffin treatment
    27. Exercise therapy
    28. It is very convenient to combine physiotherapy with relaxation in a sanatorium

      Treatment and prevention of traumatic arthritis

      If arthritis occurs at the site of an old injury and proceeds acutely, with the formation of pus, then first:

    29. puncture with removal of exudate
    30. washing the joint with an antiseptic
    31. antibacterial treatment
    32. When the purulent inflammation is eliminated, you can begin physical therapy.

      If the injury is fresh, without complications, then in order to speed up healing and prevent the occurrence of post-traumatic arthritis, physiotherapeutic methods can be used already on the second to sixth day:

    33. UHF
    34. Magnetotherapy:
      • The use of an alternating magnetic field stimulates blood circulation and relieves swelling
      • Phonophoresis with hydrocortisone
      • Thermal procedures with ozokerite and paraffin
      • Therapeutic mud, hydrogen sulfide and bromide baths:
        • This method of physiotherapy is used at the final stage of treatment.
        • Mud balneotherapy is contraindicated in case of cardiovascular disorders.

          Physiotherapy for osteoarthritis

          Arthritis accompanied by degenerative changes is usually treated:

        • Electromagnetic HF and microwave fields
        • Electrophoresis combined:
          • with NSAIDs (diclofenac, hydrocortisone, dimethyl sulfoxide
          • enzymes (lidase with novocaine, ronidase, etc.)
          • Laser therapy
          • Warm applications:
            • paraffin
            • peat and silt mud
            • ozokerite
            • Balneotherapy:
              • radon, turpentine, hydrogen sulfide, iodine-bromine baths
              • Hydrotherapy
              • Physiotherapy for infectious arthritis

              • Mid-wave ultraviolet radiation, carried out with a gradual increase in the radiation dose:
                • Metabolism in joints is activated
                • Pain is reduced
                • Blood circulation improves
                • Applications with therapeutic mud:
                  • The mud is applied to the sore joint in a thick layer for about half an hour
                  • The joint is wrapped in canvas on top
                  • Mud therapy relieves residual inflammation and, by nourishing joint tissues, improves metabolic processes in them
                  • Treatment of gouty arthritis with physiotherapy methods

                    The use of physiotherapy for gout is also possible during exacerbation:

                  • Compresses with dimexide relieve pain and inflammation well:
                    • A solution obtained by diluting dimexide with boiled water in proportions of 1\3 and 1\2 is used.
                    • A napkin soaked in the solution is placed on the sore spot for 10 minutes at first, and then the duration of the procedure is gradually increased to two hours.
                    • On the eve of the first session, a test for an allergic reaction to dimexide is required
                    • The second method of anti-inflammatory therapy is medicinal phonophoresis.:
                      • with analgin
                      • novocaine
                      • acetylsalicylic acid
                      • sodium salicylate
                      • Ultraviolet irradiation of the joint itself is carried out during exacerbation of gout
                      • Whole body UV – in remission
                      • Mud and paraffin treatment, ozokerite applications are also carried out when the exacerbation has passed
                      • Physiotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis

                        Physiotherapy for RA plays a particularly important role, since only in combination with medicinal and non-medicinal methods can this dangerous disease be stopped for a long time.

                        Methods traditionally used for RA:

                      • Electrophoresis
                        • with novocaine
                        • hyaluronidase
                        • salicylate
                        • heparin
                        • Phonophoresis with analgin or hydrocortisone
                        • Warming applications:
                          • dimexide
                          • paraffin
                          • ozokerite
                          • healing mud
                          • Low power X-rays are sometimes used in the treatment of moderate to high activity RA.
                          • Balneotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis is carried out
                            • during remission
                            • at the first or second degree of activity
                            • if the nature of the disease is benign
                            • in the absence of pronounced articular changes
                            • The bath temperature is usually from 35 to 38 ° C
                            • Duration of one session - 10 - 15 minutes
                            • Frequency: every other day
                            • Total number of sessions - from 10 to 15
                            • Mud temperature from 43 to 44 °C
                            • Session duration - from 15 to 30 minutes
                            • Frequency: every one to two days
                            • Total quantity – 10 – 20
                            • Resorts for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

                              The following resorts are recommended:

                            • Tskaltubo - radioactive baths
                            • Pyatigorsk, Sochi, Kemeri - hydrogen sulfide baths
                            • Odessa, Pyatigorsk, Evpatoria - mud therapy
                            • Indication for mud therapy: severe deformities in the joints

                              Acupuncture in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

                              This method of physiotherapy is worth talking about separately, as it is sometimes a very effective method of treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.

                              Acupuncture is based on two opposite reactions to caused irritation - inhibition and excitation

                              Inhibition reaction during acupuncture

                              The inhibition method is used for increased functions of motor, secretory and sensitive activity

                              Action of the braking method:

                              • sedative
                              • desensitizing
                              • painkiller
                              • lowering pressure
                              • There are two ways to perform braking acupuncture.

                              • The technique is carried out using two or three needles, slowly inserted with rotational movements to a depth of 1.5 to 8 cm
                              • The strength of irritation increases gradually
                              • The average stay of the needle is 30 - 40 minutes, but sometimes, by the doctor’s decision, it can be extended to several hours or even days
                              • For long needle stays, T-shaped gold needles are used
                              • This method is not used in the treatment of elderly people and children
                              • Number of needles - from two to four
                              • The intensity of irritation is less than with the first method
                              • The duration of stay of the needle at the points is short:
                                • for adults - from 10 to 12 minutes
                                • for children - up to 5 minutes
                                • Braking using the second method can be carried out for any age
                                • Arousal reaction during acupuncture

                                  The method is used for weak motor activity, muscle atrophy, decreased secretory activity

                                  Action of the excitation method:

                                  It is also carried out in two ways, which are suitable for both adults and children.

                                • Simultaneous injection in 5 - 10 points at a depth of 3 to 5 mm
                                • Irritation is short and strong for 30 seconds to 2 minutes
                                • Used for paralysis, shock, neuropsychic exhaustion
                                • Acupuncture is performed at 10–12 points to a depth of 3 mm to 1 cm
                                • The injections are decisive, swift and painful:
                                  • The pain of the sensation increases with continuous rotation or puncture
                                  • The residence time of needles in tissues is up to five minutes.
                                  • Indications:
                                    • flaccid paralysis
                                    • decreased muscle and vascular tone, etc.
                                    • The effect of acupuncture can be:

                                    • With the correct selection of points of irritation
                                    • Correct needle insertion technique
                                    • Precisely selected depth and intensity of irritation
                                    • Combination of various methods of acupuncture
                                    • This is the only way to be sure that the session will go well and will not cause any autonomic disorders.

                                      Contraindications for acupuncture

                                      The acupuncture method cannot be used:

                                    • For benign and malignant tumors
                                    • Chronic infections in a state of exacerbation
                                    • Organic heart and kidney diseases
                                    • Decompensation of blood circulation and breathing
                                    • Severe exhaustion
                                    • In old age
                                    • State of psychosis, alcohol or drug intoxication
                                    • Video: Physiotherapy method - mud therapy

                                      Is it possible to heat joints with arthritis?

                                      Arthritis is a common disease, most often affecting the legs. The causes of the disease are different, the consequences in the absence of treatment lead to complete breakdown of cartilage and disability. The disease is divided into four degrees, the symptoms are similar. A person experiences severe pain in the joints, which intensifies every day.

                                      A group of people who are more often susceptible to the disease has been identified - women, children suffering from varicose veins, who are over 40 years old. Joints often become inflamed in people who have to stand for long periods of time. Arthritis requires improved blood circulation.

                                      There are known degrees of the disease that require special treatment. Warming up is not always beneficial.

                                    • The first degree manifests itself gradually, periodically - the joints are not subject to deformation, the disease develops over a long period of time. It is recommended to hover your legs and perform therapeutic exercises.
                                    • In the second degree, partial deformation of the joints is observed, pain becomes frequent, and intensifies if increased load is placed on the legs. If the joints move, a crunching sound is heard. The doctor allows you to take a steam bath if the joints are not subject to decay.
                                    • In the third degree of the disease, exacerbations are often recorded - pain intensifies, fluid collects in the joints, movements become constrained and awkward. Heating inflamed areas is not recommended, as it leads to complications of the disease.
                                    • The fourth degree is complex, the state of health becomes worse every day, cartilage disintegrates, the person cannot move freely. Urgent surgery is required to replace the knee or other damaged joint. Warming is not recommended; the inflammatory process develops into an acute form.
                                    • The disease has unpleasant developmental consequences; it is better if treatment begins on time and correctly.

                                      To heat or not to heat joints with arthritis

                                      Some people believe that illness requires warmth; cold is harmful to health. This opinion is wrong. To avoid further harm to your health, you will need to consult a doctor. Self-medication will harm your health. In the first stage of arthritis, heat will help soothe pain in the knees; you can warm the joints. Under the influence of heat, blood flows to the sore joint, enriching the cartilage tissue with nutrients. Painful sensations recede into the background.

                                      Some doctors advise steaming the body, the disease-prone part, in a bathhouse. Stick to the rules. The procedures are therapeutic even at the third stage of arthritis.

                                      Arthritis is a disease that does not like drafts or cold; after a bath, take care to dry out. If you follow the rules, cure the disease to the expected results.

                                    • If acute rheumatic disease is noticed, heating the joints is prohibited.
                                    • You should not steam joints if you are predisposed to complicated forms of the musculoskeletal system.
                                    • Before going to the sauna, consult your doctor. Once resolved, the bathhouse will become a way to restore health. When heat affects ligaments and joints, they become elastic and mobile, blood flows through the cells, saturates them with oxygen. Excess salts leave the body.
                                    • If the doctor has given permission to steam the inflamed areas, go on vacation to a sanatorium with warm springs. Such a rest will be beneficial. It is better to use dry steam, which helps restore damaged tissues and cartilage. This steam will slow down aging.
                                    • How do physiotherapeutic procedures affect your health?

                                      To overcome arthritis, use a physical therapy room. Doctors often prescribe a set of procedures to help the patient relieve pain and restore health. The doctor must prescribe the procedures, determining the number of procedures and the time for their implementation. Exposure to magnetic fields, ultrasound, and ultraviolet rays has a great effect on health. The method has advantages over all kinds of compresses.

                                      Use a warming massage on the knee joint. It is done at the first and second stages of arthritis of the legs, when the cartilage is not subject to decay. The secret of a warming massage is that blood flows to the cartilage, enriching it with oxygen.

                                      Doctors recommend a set of therapies to help restore health with arthritis of the legs. You can warm the joints before a therapeutic massage - they become elastic, the patient will not feel pain.

                                      Is it possible to take a hot shower

                                      Arthritis at an early stage is treatable; doctors recommend taking a hot shower if it is not possible to steam your legs and joints in a bathhouse or sauna. The methods are effective, but have limitations. Taking a hot shower every day is not recommended due to the likelihood of exacerbations. After a shower, apply warm compresses to help soothe pain and reduce inflammation in tissues.

                                      Compresses for steaming the legs in a special steam room. The compresses are based on alcohol - medicinal herbs are infused on it. Vodka is used instead of alcohol. The compress will relieve pain and inflammation. Warm sea buckthorn and pine oil are used as a compress. The burdock is placed on top with its shaggy side so that it comes into contact with the sore joint. To obtain more warmth, additionally wrap the knee with polyethylene.

                                      For greater warmth, use natural down, woolen socks, headbands, and scarves. You cannot warm your feet for a long time. Do this for a couple of hours, then give your leg rest. The compress cools down over time; arthritis does not like cold.

                                      If your doctor has diagnosed arthritis, you should not immediately limit your movements. Doctors recommend light loads on your legs. Proper exercise will reduce pain and joints will become mobile. Tension in the muscles will decrease, functionality will increase, and adequate nutrition of damaged tissues will be provided. For arthritis, physical therapy is developed by a doctor, a special trainer specializing in such diseases.

                                      You can restore your legs after an inflammatory process by using hot baths with the addition of salts and minerals. This will improve blood circulation. Additionally, mud baths are used. Arthritis worsens with poor nutrition, so you should think about dieting and losing excess weight.

                                      The main health prevention is a correct lifestyle and care. Alternate physical activity with rest. In order for cartilage to become elastic, you need to review your diet, include dairy products and vitamins.

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