The ankle joint is an articulation of four bones. This is a complex joint in the human body that bears the maximum load. Ankles are susceptible to injury, especially in athletes, people leading an active lifestyle, and the elderly.
Rehabilitation after a fracture of one of the bones of the joint, or other injury to the ankle, requires a lot of time and wearing special plaster casts, and after a special support. It is important to choose the right brace for an ankle fracture or any other joint injury.
Orthopedic devices can make the life of a person who has had an unpleasant experience and suffered an ankle injury, or for other reasons needs support and fixation of the joint, easier.
Many ankle support devices have been developed to solve various problems. They differ in the degree of hardness of the materials, in their impact and effectiveness, in the method of operation and the purposes for which they are used.
Several groups of indications for the use of such devices have been identified. They are shown in the table below.
Many types of ankle braces are designed specifically for athletes and are used for medical purposes.
Wearing an ankle brace has a number of therapeutic effects on the ankle joint:
The bandage performs a protective function. When using it, the joint is reliably protected from negative influences during movement.
Acts as a compressor and shock absorber. The compression function allows you to speed up tissue healing, and the shock-absorbing function relieves discomfort when moving.
The device reliably supports bone and muscle structure and reduces stress.
The device has a massage effect, increasing blood flow in this area, which promotes faster healing.
There are devices intended for use for preventive purposes; more complex ones can be used after injuries and surgical interventions. In this case, the doctor can recommend the necessary and most suitable bandage.
To fix and strengthen the joint, many types of devices have been developed and created. Manufacturers of orthopedic devices offer models from the simplest, suitable for preventive measures, to complex orthoses created for joint rehabilitation after serious injuries and operations. All calipers can be divided into three large groups according to the degree of rigidity of the device:
It is important to know that when choosing an orthosis or any fixation, you need to take into account the reasons why there is a need for such a device and the doctor’s recommendations. All devices are reusable, easy to maintain, and easy to clean. When choosing, it is important to consider your foot size.
Let's look at each group separately. Design features, areas of application and names of specific devices are given in the tables below.
Provides soft fixation of the joint and soft tissue support.
These devices can be worn under regular shoes.
It is recommended to wear such a support during the remote (when the injury is almost no longer a concern) postoperative period for a more comfortable restoration of joint mobility. It is important to know that such an orthosis cannot provide reliable fixation and immobility of the joint.
Doctors do not recommend the use of these clamps during acute periods of illness or in the postoperative period for support and reliable fixation, but during training and after the tissues have been restored as a preventive measure, this is an indispensable option.
These devices are good for athletes with high loads during training, for those who play football and hockey.
A bandage for a shoulder fracture is an important component of rehabilitation and restoration of joint functionality. In the absence of timely fixation of the injured limb, there is a risk of complications during the treatment of the fracture, as well as the development of ailments such as arthrosis, periarthritis, etc. Correct use of a suitable brace can prevent future shoulder dysfunction.
The shoulder is one of the most mobile joints in the human body, which is very often susceptible to injury. An unfortunate fall, especially on an outstretched arm, can damage bones and joints and pull muscles and ligaments. To restore damaged structures and ensure proper fusion of bones, a fixative is needed. After examination, the attending physician prescribes which bandage is suitable and what degree of rigidity should be. What depends on the rehabilitation period - fresh injury, post-fracture recovery.
The bandage provides partial or complete immobilization of the sore shoulder. Due to it, the correct placement of the bones occurs so that when their integrity is restored, displacement does not occur. This entails the development of joint ailments, pain, and loss of the full range of motion of the limb.
The fixator relieves part of the load from the ligaments and muscles, which are also affected by bone injuries. Due to the immobilization of the limb, the pain syndrome goes away more quickly, and the affected tissues are restored. After the bones have fused, it is necessary to wear a support bandage for some time, which prevents re-injury by reducing the load on the joint during daily movements. This is especially important when playing sports. Repeated injury most often has more serious consequences and recovery time than the initial one.
The shoulder bandage is adjustable due to several levels of limb fixation. The required degree is determined by the doctor. This is an important point in the instructions for use, because incorrect fixation during one of the rehabilitation periods can lead to incorrect alignment of the bones. And instead of a successfully treated fracture, you will get a lot of complications and difficulties in the movements and functions of the hand.
There are different types of retainers depending on their structure, method of application, degree of fixation and rigidity. Each of them has its own purpose and specific application at different stages of fracture healing, or its complexity.
There are the following types of rigidity of clamps:
This is a fabric retainer that fits snugly to the body, firmly fixes the limb, so that the load is evenly distributed. For its production, elastic knitted material is used. The bandage is used to fix the arm in case of minor injuries, sprains and simple fractures, when it is necessary to allow mobility of the joint. Such clamps usually have various belts, with the help of which the degree of fastening of the hand is adjusted.
The main functions are squeezing the skin of the injured shoulder, which reduces muscle activity, and the arm is anesthetized, and the level of mobility of the limb is reduced. The elastic retainer is worn over clothing; it is not recommended to wear it for a long time, only during daytime activity.
Pharmacy bandages, not homemade bandages, have the following advantages in use:
The bandage covers all elements of the shoulder - back, front and deltoid area. The clamp comes with instructions with mounting options. But in each specific case of a fracture, it is important to consult a doctor about the degree of fixation and the method of applying a bandage.
This is a retainer, which in its structure has metal or plastic ribs, as well as elastic fabric. These elements are its main difference from a regular bandage. The shoulder brace completely immobilizes the arm and can also be attached at different angles. This is very convenient and important for different degrees of fracture. Such a clamp can regulate the amount of possible hand movements. Prescribed exclusively by a doctor.
The main indications for use are:
The main task of the splint is to immobilize the injured limb and protect the injured part. Provides pain relief, prevents the development of pain shock and severe consequences of injury. When applying a splint, it is important to ensure that the areas above and below the injury, as well as the broken bone, are securely immobilized.
For the shoulder joint, a type of abduction splint is used. It is attached to the body and the opposite shoulder using straps, metal or plastic rings. A bandage made of fabric and ribs is put on the arm, which form the necessary shape of the retainer to which the roller is attached. It is located between the arm and the torso, which ensures reliable and anatomical fixation of the limb.
The splint is used for severe fractures and the need to completely immobilize the limb. The decision about what kind of fixator is needed in case of injury is made by a traumatologist after examination and first aid.
This type of fixation is most often used instead of ordinary and familiar plaster. The shoulder splint is more popular due to its convenient application and wearing.
There are two types of splints:
Using a splint with plaster is a responsible process, because if applied incorrectly, instead of being useful, you can further damage your arm. To plaster a limb you need:
It is important not to put pressure on the plaster, because the dents will harden and can put pressure on the hand, causing bruises, pain and swelling, and squeezing the capillaries. The entire process must be completed quickly and carefully.
In the video you can see how to apply a splint to your shoulder.
The heel bone in the arch of the foot breaks quite rarely, especially on both sides. The main cause of a fracture is often a strong blow to the heels or a fall on the feet from a height. Often such an injury is combined with a fracture in the thoracic and lumbar spine or ankle joint.
After completion of the recommended treatment, a long period of rehabilitation is required. An orthosis for a fracture of the calcaneus can significantly facilitate and speed up the recovery process.
The heel bone is rightfully considered the largest bone of the foot. When walking and standing, it bears most of the load and acts as a shock absorber. According to anatomical data, it is customary to distinguish the body and the tubercle located behind it. In front, the bone has a connection with the cuboid bone, and above with the talus.
It is the talus bone that directly connects the heel and shin bones to each other. In the event of a jump to the feet or a high-altitude fall, the weight of the entire body is transferred to the ankle, and through it to the talus. The result is its wedging into the heel bone, followed by splitting the latter into pieces.
The fracture and its type, the nature of the displacement of fragments directly depend on the position of the foot and the height of the fall. Another cause of fractures can be bone compression due to an accident or constant physical activity in professional athletes. A fracture due to a blow to the heel bone with a massive object is much less common.
All calcaneal fractures are usually divided into two large groups:
We should not forget that a fracture often leads to damage to surrounding tissues. Based on this feature, fractures are classified into closed and open.
The main complaint with a fracture in the heel is pain. During the examination, pronounced swelling is noticeable, extending all the way to the Achilles tendon. Other symptoms include:
A characteristic sign is the fact that the patient cannot stand on his foot.
Important! Calcaneal fractures often go undetected due to concomitant spinal or ankle injuries. In this regard, all patients whose injury is associated with a fall on the foot should be examined for the presence of this fracture.
To diagnose a heel fracture, in addition to collecting complaints and the presence of injury, an external examination and additional research methods are important. Radiography in three projections is of key importance. The nature of the damage is judged by the change in the angle of the heel bone (Behler angle).
For a non-displaced fracture, conservative therapy is indicated by immobilizing the affected limb with a plaster cast. It is applied for at least three weeks from the toes to the knee joint. If there is displacement, the treatment tactics change - reposition is performed under local anesthesia.
Particular attention is required to comminuted fractures that accompany damage to the articular surfaces of the talus and calcaneus and significant displacement of bone fragments. If necessary, an Ilizarov apparatus can be used.
When a false joint is formed between bone fragments, a three-joint resection operation with additional excision of the bone plates of each fragment is necessary. Then all parts are connected to each other using a special screw. The next step should be competent rehabilitation.
Important! Regardless of the type of fracture, its severity and method of treatment, resting on the injured leg is strictly prohibited. This will not only worsen the condition and prolong the recovery period, but may also lead to displacement of bone fragments.
To speed up the recovery period for heel fractures, it is often recommended to use a special ankle joint brace called the 28f10 heel-off-load orthosis. Orthoses are commonly called external therapeutic and prophylactic devices used for injuries to the musculoskeletal system.
The devices can consist of an elastic fabric with additional inserts or special materials (turbocast), which provide the entire structure with the necessary rigidity for maximum fixation. They are often equipped with lacing or straps.
Advantages of using orthoses for heel fractures:
When wearing an orthosis, the foot is in almost a physiological position, which is a good prevention of complications in the form of flat feet.
This device allows for active movements that increase blood flow. As a result, the risk of post-traumatic osteomyelitis, arthrosis and osteoporosis is reduced.
Another undeniable advantage is the ability to independently remove the brace from your leg. For example, to wash a limb. The clamps weigh a little and do not cause any inconvenience. In the orthosis, you can walk without crutches and freely apply a variety of ointments. You can walk freely in it and even ride a bike.
Basically, an orthosis for heel fractures is necessary during the period of treatment and rehabilitation measures, which on average last about three months. It is often prescribed after the cast is removed to speed up the recovery process.
Important! All orthoses are sold disassembled; their direct fitting to the leg and assembly must be carried out exclusively by a specialist.
The use of a retainer requires compliance with certain rules:
The rehabilitation period for a fracture in the heel bone should include a full range of measures:
The main objectives of all procedures are to improve blood supply to damaged tissues, quickly eliminate signs of inflammation and accelerate regenerative processes. For this, massage sessions with cedar oil, thermal procedures with ozokerite and regular exercises with rising on your toes and then lowering onto your heels will be useful. Warm baths with sea salt have worked well.
As a balanced diet for a heel fracture, foods high in vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, silicon, copper and zinc will be useful. These can be dairy and fermented milk products, sea fish, meat broths, legumes, eggs, potatoes and bananas.
If therapy is not started in a timely manner, all doctor’s instructions are not followed, or severe cases of heel fracture, the likelihood of complications increases several times. Possible problems include:
With chronic fractures, there is a high probability of deformation of the foot, an increase in the transverse dimensions of the heel bone, and the inability to actively move the thumb of the lower limb, and in especially severe cases, all the toes on the foot.
From all of the above, it becomes clear that heel fractures are a serious injury that requires a careful approach and appropriate treatment.
After observing patients with various heel fractures, orthopedists and surgeons made quite important conclusions:
Restoring sensation and motor activity to the fingers of the lower limb is possible by cutting the long extensors.
It must be remembered that after the final restoration of all functions of the lower limb in the foot area after a fracture, there is no need to immediately stand on heels or wear tight and narrow shoes.
For six months, preference should be given to orthopedic shoes with appropriate instep support. In some cases, this period lasts up to a year.
If flat feet or shortening of the foot occurs, it is necessary to make special shoes based on casts of the foot. It will be useful to visit a specialized sanatorium for spa treatment and follow the principles of proper nutrition for at least six months.
The heel bone is quite strong, it is not easy to break it, but if it is broken, serious problems will arise, since movement will simply become impossible. Do not assume that the capabilities of the human body are limitless, exposing the body to excessive stress. Even a broken bone can change your quality of life for the worse. It is worth taking care of your body and directing your strength in the right direction.
Every day, every person faces various injuries (fractures, bruises, sprains), and the most relevant means for immobilization is an arm bandage. Its purpose is to provide secure fixation and immobility of the injured area so that the injury is not subjected to unnecessary stress or pressure and heals quickly.
No matter what kind of damage is received, it definitely needs care. A supportive arm bandage is a wonderful brace that is available to every person.
Regardless of the type of injury, a hand scarf will always be an appropriate method of fixation. It is used for both fractures and bruises, sprains or dislocations. The need for a bandage is to keep the hand motionless and not subject to additional injuries. In this position, it will be much easier for the injury to heal, and the recovery process will take much less time.
If a fracture occurs, the victim must be urgently taken to the hospital for examination by a doctor and diagnosis of the injury. After the doctor determines the type and severity of the fracture, the patient will be prescribed a course of treatment.
A bandage on the arm for a fracture is done after a detailed examination by the doctor of the patient, his x-rays and the appointment of a rehabilitation course. It will fix and support the hand throughout the entire recovery course. Such a hand fixator in case of a fracture promotes rapid healing of the fracture and protects the hand from the influence of external factors that can harm and cause additional damage. In this case, it is very important that the bandage for a fracture covers not only the injured area, but also the adjacent joints.
To isolate the damaged area from external factors, a scarf is often used. With its help, you can securely fasten the damaged limb after careful treatment. Anyone can use such a retainer, since this does not require special knowledge or medical education. A bandage for a fracture is very convenient when you need to fix the injured arm until the ambulance arrives. Scarves for headbands can be different:
The hand scarf is applied as follows:
Purchasing such a scarf will not be difficult. They can be found in every pharmacy kiosk. Standard sizes of bandages: 100x100 and 100x136 cm. Before use, the bandage is folded in half diagonally into a triangular shape. If, after application, the fabric presses or rubs your neck, you should place a towel under it.
Sometimes the bandage can be applied independently at home, without the help of medical personnel. To know how to make a brace for an injured limb, you should familiarize yourself with the following recommendations:
To fix the hand in the correct position, use a fixing bandage. It can be made from different materials using different devices. Elastic fabric fixators are applied to open injuries in the joint area, which allows the person to feel comfortable and recover quickly.
Patients are often faced with the problem of what to choose: a scarf or a bandage for a broken arm. Both devices have the same purpose - fixing the position of a broken limb until it heals completely.
Significant differences between a bandage and a scarf cannot be determined - these devices are presented in the form of a cover for the injured arm, into which it is placed in a bent position. The convenience of the bandage lies in the fact that it is attached to the shoulder with straps, the length of which can be adjusted to suit your physiological needs.
The entire design of the bandage has more advanced characteristics, in contrast to the scarf bandage. They are usually made of soft fabrics that easily allow air to pass through, allowing the skin to breathe fully. The appearance of this device on the hand is more attractive. Some models of bandages have additional clamps to more securely support the arm in a given position. If the recovery course requires a lot of time, then it is better to opt for comfort and practicality and purchase a special bandage.
Almost everyone who has ever been actively involved in sports or often went on hikes can make a bandage. Knowing how to make a bandage for an injured limb with your own hands, you can provide first aid to the victim in a timely manner, and then take him to a medical facility for a full examination by a doctor. To make a bandage yourself, you should follow a few simple recommendations:
Shoulder bandage:
There is nothing complicated, but not everyone will be able to make the perfect bandage with their own hands. Therefore, it is worth practicing in advance in making support bandages so that, if necessary, everything is done as efficiently as possible. In order not to cause circulatory problems, it is important that the bandage is not too tight. After applying the bandage, the victim should be immediately taken to the hospital for further examination by specialists.
A bandage for a fracture is usually worn for a long time. When it immobilizes the injured limb, the weight is distributed in such a way that more stress is placed on the neck. Therefore, in order to avoid negative consequences, it is important to monitor your posture during this period of time:
For neck or back fractures, wearing headscarves is completely contraindicated. If pain suddenly appears in these areas, you should immediately consult a doctor for examination.
In case of an accident with a fracture, bruise or dislocation, a fixing bandage is the first necessity. It is not necessary to buy it at a pharmacy. This device, the purpose of which is to immobilize the injured limb, can be made independently from available materials. If the victim is far from civilization, you can make a bandage from a shirt or a piece of torn fabric, first folding it into a triangle shape. Everyone should have the skills to apply bandages in order to provide timely first aid in extreme situations.
When a lower extremity injury occurs, the question often arises: what shoes are most suitable for a broken foot? The main thing is not only convenience, but also correct fixation from a medical point of view. This issue will be discussed in detail below.
It is necessary to think about shoes during the rehabilitation period, when the cast is removed and the mobility of the leg needs to be restored. Shoes that were used before the fracture will not fit at first. It is necessary to take into account the condition of the leg, pain, and the complexity of the fracture. During the period of removal of the plaster cast, the doctor should consult on the choice of suitable shoes, taking into account the subtleties of the injury.
During recovery, the victim is advised to undergo therapy sessions that will help quickly restore mobility to the leg.
Properly selected shoes are a prerequisite along with the rest. It will help reduce the load on the ankle and strengthen the leg in a stable position.
ADVICE: if you neglect the advice of your doctor and do not purchase rehabilitation shoes, you can end up with lifelong lameness, arthrosis and changes in gait.
An orthosis is a special shoe after an ankle fracture. This orthopedic device looks like a sock and is used after the cast is removed if the patient feels pain at the fracture site.
Fixation of the limb helps maintain tissue integrity. The duration of use of the orthosis is individual and depends on the patient’s recovery rate.
There is a wide selection of this orthopedic device on the market, but not every one is of high quality. When buying an orthosis, you need to pay attention to its characteristics.
Table - What should you pay attention to when choosing an orthosis?
The price of fasteners varies depending on the characteristics listed above. An orthosis made from fabric can be bought for little money. If, together with elastic fabric, there is another material that securely fixes the foot, the price tag becomes higher.
A well-fitted orthosis for the leg helps to quickly restore the leg, get rid of pain, and restore mobility to the joints. To make the right choice, you need to know your foot size. The fixator should fit snugly to the limb, but not squeeze it, to avoid compromising the blood supply.
The purchase will be completed faster if a person measures the parameters of his foot before going to the store.
Based on the known dimensions, the seller will quickly select the required model.
The measurements will allow you to make a suitable purchase that will fit comfortably on your foot. This will help avoid tightness and chafing of the skin.
Shoes require special attention after a foot fracture in children. If for an adult you can select an existing retainer on site, then for children it is necessary to make a preliminary, individual order.
Children's feet are more delicate and can also grow during rehabilitation. To avoid discomfort, special designs are made in which the belts can be loosened in case of an uncomfortable feeling.
The next stage for restoring a damaged leg is the use of orthopedic shoes after wearing an orthosis. If you previously used regular shoes, you should put them aside and buy new ones.
It has a number of advantages that are necessary for limbs after a fracture:
In order for the foot to be comfortable when walking, the following instructions must be followed when choosing therapeutic shoes:
Orthopedic insoles are an excellent choice for people who do not have the opportunity to purchase special shoes. The insoles have similar characteristics to shoes; they help not put stress on the ankle and provide the necessary shock absorption when walking.
There are several types of insoles, the doctor will help you understand them; he will also tell you which type is suitable for the patient:
They perform the following functions:
Let's take a closer look at each type of insoles:
You can consider this topic in more detail by watching the video in this article.
A collarbone fracture can occur in the most unforeseen situations - a fall on the shoulder or an outstretched arm, as well as a severe bruise of the collarbone itself. This is a fairly common injury; newborn children can get it during childbirth, while adults most often encounter it in road accidents and when falling on ice. If you correctly apply a bandage or Delbe rings for a clavicle fracture, you can avoid unwanted consequences, and in some cases, save the life of the victim.
The danger of clavicle fractures for human life and health is associated with the anatomical structure of the bone, the muscles attached to it and the location of important arteries. So, there are 4 muscles attached to the collarbone, namely:
The deltoid and trapezius muscles attach to the humeral end of the clavicle, while the other two muscles attach to its sternal end. If a fracture occurs, they begin to pull the fragments of the collarbone in their direction. This happens because these muscles have opposite centers of traction. As a result of this impact, a bone fracture is often accompanied by its displacement.
In addition to these muscles, another muscle, the subclavian muscle, fits tightly to the collarbone in front and behind. It does not affect the bone during a fracture and does not cause displacement, but due to the resulting fragments it can be injured.
Significant blood vessels pass near the collarbone, namely:
If these arteries are damaged, large amounts of blood leak into the nearby area. The skin and subcutaneous tissue in this area of the body are very elastic and can stretch greatly without preventing bleeding. Therefore, blood loss can reach volumes of several liters. Complicating the situation is the fact that this can happen in just a few minutes. This means that if the victim is not provided with medical assistance in time, there is a high probability of death.
Damage can affect not only the vessels, but also the trunk of the brachial plexus and its individual branches. Because of this, the victim may lose movement and sensitivity in those innervated segments.
The situation can be complicated by the fact that the blow that caused the fracture came from the front, which causes the sharp broken parts of the collarbone to move backward, leading to a rupture of the lung. Its upper pole is located just behind the bone in question. As a result of such a traumatic effect, the affected lung collapses and is excluded from the breathing process.
A symptom of this is the victim's severe shortness of breath, which can cause people around the victim to panic. The very fact of such a lesion does not lead to the death of the injured person, since the lost function of the affected organ is compensated by the second lung.
For those people who are close to an injured person, a natural question arises about the urgent and first rules for providing first aid to the victim. The algorithm for providing first aid for a clavicle fracture is as follows:
It is recommended to call an ambulance at the very beginning and, until it arrives at the scene of the incident, carry out procedures to relieve pain and immobilize the injured person. The lack of medical education does not allow you to correctly assess all the symptoms and apply the correct treatment.
Therefore, the sooner the victim gets into the hands of doctors, the better for his life and health.
If the injection, applying cold water and calling an ambulance are more or less clear, then the question of applying a bandage remains open. What kind of bandage should be used for a clavicle fracture and how to apply it correctly will be discussed below.
The main purpose of the bandage, which should be applied to the injured person with a fracture of the collarbone, is to immobilize the patient’s arm. This is necessary so that the broken bone fragments do not injure:
For this purpose, the following types of dressings are applied:
Finally, after a medical emergency, doctors tend to apply a cast to protect the fracture from re-dislodging.
These fixatives are used in conjunction with conservative treatment. It consists of two rings that are put on the shoulder joints and which are pulled together quite tightly on the back. It can be purchased at a pharmacy; there are foreign and domestic samples, but if necessary, it is made at the scene of the incident from improvised materials.
You need to purchase this clamp only after the victim’s chest circumference has been measured, since the device is available in different sizes. The material used in the production of the product is soft but durable airtight material that has a long service life. The belts have adjustable tension levels, which allows you to adjust the fastener to each case.
The principle of its application is determined by the following factors:
The retainer is used in the following cases:
In addition, it is widely used to correct spinal curvature as an orthopedic reclinator. It is especially effective for correcting posture in children. The fixative purchased at the pharmacy is used as follows:
Important! The degree of fixation of the device is determined by the attending physician. He establishes both the order and timing of its wearing.
To maintain good hygiene, like any underwear, the retainer must be washed. To do this, you need to fasten all the fasteners on it, set the hand wash mode and the temperature to no higher than 30C. The powder used must be suitable for delicate washing. There is no need to wash anything else at the same time as the fixative.
In the event that you urgently need to provide assistance to the victim, and there is no commercially available fixative, you can make it yourself from available materials. To do this, you will need two cotton-gauze strands 3 cm wide. You can use strands made of dense material. Their length will have to be adjusted based on the volume of the victim’s chest. The main requirements for a homemade product are that it must be reliable and dense.
The procedure for using a homemade device is similar to the factory version:
Before installing a homemade device, the victim must be completely removed from the body or left with only underwear.
The above Deso bandage is often used to assist injured individuals due to its simplicity of design. To make it, it is enough to have an elastic bandage on hand. Such a retainer is applied as follows:
To securely press the shoulder and fix the injured arm, you need to repeat these manipulations twice. The end result is that the arm is deprived of mobility because it is tightly pressed to the body.
The disadvantage of such a retainer is obvious - it does not have a spreading effect on the forearms. This means that its use does not help the bone fragments to be reduced.
In addition, a serious disadvantage of such a fixative is the need for preliminary preparation. It is difficult to secure it yourself; support for the injured limb is required.
In some cases, a figure eight bandage may be used. It allows you to fix the shoulder girdles apart. Cotton pads should be placed and secured in the armpits. The retainer can be made using a bandage. It resembles a figure eight and runs through the back of the neck. Although it helps to spread the shoulders, the patient should feel comfortable. It is necessary to make an 8-shaped bandage using several rounds so that each subsequent layer of bandage or fabric overlaps the previous one by a third or half. This avoids squeezing.
To prevent displacement of bone fragments when providing first aid, you need to raise your arm and hold it in this position. A scarf is used as a retainer, which can be made of fabric or gauze with sides of at least 1 meter. It is made as follows:
By analogy with the Deso bandage, the Velpeau bandage can also be used, which has the same disadvantages. To make it, you need an elastic or simple bandage, with which the victim is bandaged as follows:
As a result of such manipulations, a loop appears on the shoulder, which is fixed with a bandage. Its head again needs to be directed through the healthy side to the back and to the affected shoulder girdle to repeat the cycle several times.
Timely use of such dressings can not only alleviate the suffering of the patient, but in some cases save his life. A secure fit prevents the movement of broken bone fragments, which could cause severe bleeding or a damaged lung.
Anyone can use the clamps described above. You can make them yourself using an elastic or simple bandage, gauze or thick fabric material. But in case of fractures, it is necessary to take the victim to a doctor as quickly as possible to provide him with qualified assistance.