Good day! Our body is a complex system in which the breakdown of one “cog” provokes the failure of other “parts”. In addition to diseases of internal organs, chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system, in particular the joints, also cause a lot of trouble for people. Today I propose to discuss arthrosis of the hip joint - symptoms and treatment, first manifestations, diagnosis and methods of its prevention.
I note that this joint is the largest in the human skeleton. It is constantly used when walking, bending, turning, so the disease brings the patient severe pain and stiffness in movements. Fortunately, with early diagnosis, the disease can be easily treated with medications. But it’s not so easy to suspect something is wrong; you need to know all the features of the disease and be able to distinguish it from other problems, and our article will help with this.
What is it, this arthrosis of the hip joint - symptoms and treatment, stages, prognosis, methods of fight?
Arthrosis or osteoarthritis of the hip joint is also called coxarthrosis, all these terms mean one thing - a complex progressive disease with the destruction of the cartilage lining the femoral head and acetabulum. As a result, the joint gradually collapses, turns into bone, becomes overgrown with growths and loses mobility, as shown in the photo.
Let's take a closer look at what coxarthrosis is, since it is this term that doctors use more often due to the fact that recently the word “arthrosis” was excluded from medical terminology, since it was previously believed that arthrosis had nothing to do with inflammation, but later scientists proved the opposite. These disputes are not important to us, the main thing is that all these names refer to the same very unpleasant disease.
So, coxarthrosis is a degenerative-dystrophic disease that provokes destruction and deformation of cartilage tissue. It is mainly diagnosed in women over 40 years of age, and in men over 60.
Why such injustice, what did the ladies do to nature? The point here is the special structure of the female skeleton and the load on the hip joint, especially during childbearing and childbirth. As a result, it is women in middle age who more often suffer from this disease; in older age categories, the number of patients of different sexes is gradually equalizing.
There can be many reasons for the development of arthrosis in the hip joint, the most common of which are:
Doctors distinguish 3 degrees or stages of development of the disease, which the main symptoms will help to distinguish. It is important to know that when diagnosed at stage 1, it is quite possible to completely cure the disease and forget about it for many years, and in stage 3, the only correct solution is surgery, otherwise the patient faces disability.
The following symptoms will help determine the presence of arthrosis in the hip joint of 1st degree:
During computer diagnostics, the doctor may notice bone growths on the surface of the joint, especially along the inner and outer edges of the acetabulum. At this stage, properly selected medications allow you to fully restore the functionality of the joint, but not all of us are inclined to run to the doctor at the first manifestation of pain.
Admit it, a little discomfort often makes you think about a sprain, dislocation, or fatigue. We start rubbing the sore spot with different creams and ointments, trying to treat it with traditional methods, without understanding the cause and wasting precious time. Therefore, if you feel pain in your leg, the first thing you should do is go to the doctor, setting aside some time for yourself - this is the key to a long, fulfilling and happy life!
If the problem was not diagnosed and treated immediately, then grade 2 arthrosis gradually develops, which is characterized by the following symptoms:
During the examination, the photographs show bone growths on the edges of the cavity, an increase in the apex of the bone, its displacement and destruction of the edge.
Fortunately, with the help of complex therapy, grade 2 arthrosis can still be treated conservatively.
Well, it’s really bad for patients who have neglected their health so much that they have developed arthrosis of the third stage, it is typical for:
During the examination, the doctor sees numerous bone growths, an increase in the size of the bone edge, and a decrease in the joint space. And here there is only one way out - this is an operation to replace an already unusable joint with a special artificial prosthesis.
We have already briefly mentioned the signs of the disease, it remains to summarize all these symptoms, so coxarthrosis manifests itself:
This is what arthrosis of the hip joint looks like, the symptoms are quite clear, but not so unambiguous. Therefore, if one of these signs occurs, it is necessary to consult a specialist for a diagnosis, since it can be either arthrosis or completely other diseases that have similar symptoms.
Diagnosis of the disease should be carried out by more than one doctor, because pain in the pelvis can be caused by various ailments. So:
Thus, to make a correct diagnosis it will not be possible to limit yourself to one visit to the doctor, but in addition to this you still need to undergo tests:
The success of treatment depends on the correct diagnosis, the degree of impairment and the cause of the deformity. For example, if arthrosis caused bone tuberculosis, then conventional therapy is prohibited, and in the case of metabolic disorders, it is necessary to first eliminate the root cause, and then deal with its consequences.
As I already mentioned, treatment is most effective in the first stages, then you can limit yourself to various drugs. How to treat inflammation is decided by the doctor after a series of studies. Therapy largely depends on the cause and degree of destruction, but basically they try to relieve pain, remove inflammation, improve blood circulation, for this they use:
In addition to tablets, injections and ointments, treatment includes the use of a special diet and exercise therapy; a set of measures helps to significantly improve the condition and restore mobility to the leg.
On June 6, 2017, a free webinar will be held on the topic Restoration of knee and hip joints with arthrosis? The author is a doctor of exercise therapy and sports medicine, who has already helped many people. You can register for the webinar by following the link.
If conservative treatment does not bring visible results or the disease was diagnosed in the last stage, then there is only one option left - this is surgery. The procedure is complex, and in rare cases there may be rejection or risk of thromboembolism and other life-threatening complications. At the same time, for seriously ill patients this is the only chance for a normal life, because with an artificial joint a person will be able to move around calmly after healing and rehabilitation.
As with any operation, a patient with coxarthrosis must prepare in advance for general anesthesia; he is prohibited from eating and drinking before the procedure, and the intestines are cleaned. Next, his legs are wrapped in elastic bandages to prevent swelling, laid on his side and put to sleep. After this, the doctor makes an incision in the thigh, opens access to the joint, cuts off the head of the femoral bone, and installs a pin into the cut, to which the titanium head is attached.
Damaged pelvic bone tissue is also removed and replaced with a polymer pad, allowing for normal leg movement in the future. Next, the wound is sutured and a bandage is applied on top. After healing, there is still a period of recovery, but in the absence of rejection, a person can walk comfortably with an artificial joint for 20 years, or even his whole life, without feeling pain or stiffness.
Due to the disease, the hip joint loses mobility, tissue changes are observed, cartilage is destroyed and a bone growth forms in its place. Fortunately, effective drugs have been invented to restore cartilage tissue; they are also called chondroprotectors, which translated from Latin means “cartilage protection.”
So what can these drugs do?
The composition of the drugs may include two main components - glucosamine and chondroitin. The first is found in the preparations Don, Elbona and Arton Flex, the second - in Artron Chondrex, Artra Chondroitin, Mucosat, Artradol, Chondroxide. And both components are included in such medications - Chondroflex, Osteal, Rusalon, Teraflex, Movex, Protekon.
As for the form of the drug, it can be different, from tablets, capsules, ointments, creams to injection solution. The choice of medication, dosage and duration of use should be prescribed by the attending physician, taking into account the characteristics of the body. But, as a rule, injections are used during exacerbations, and then the patient is transferred to a more gentle treatment, which can last for months, at least six months. After all, restoring cartilage tissue is a long process, but it allows you to regain freedom of movement without surgery.
In some cases, treatment of the disease involves injections. Let me note right away that only a doctor should do them, resorting to such a decision only in extreme cases, since treating the disease in this way is risky. The fact is that the gap between the bones in the hip joint is small, and with coxarthrosis it narrows even more. As a result, sometimes even an experienced physician cannot get into the joint capsule itself, and the risk of touching nerves and blood vessels is high.
At the same time, injections are sometimes the only way to relieve pain and inflammation; various drugs are used for these purposes:
Unfortunately, in the fight against arthrosis of the hip joint, physiotherapeutic procedures are ineffective due to the deep location of the affected area. However, sometimes doctors prescribe kinesiotherapy to relieve pain.
If a massage is performed by a professional, it helps improve blood circulation in the joint, restore mobility, and stop tissue destruction. But its use is indicated only during the period of remission, during the absence of pain.
Also, to obtain a clear effect, you need not one-time visits to a specialist, but courses two or three times a year to maintain the condition of the bones and joints.
Although it is not easy to completely cure coxarthrosis in the hip joint exclusively with folk remedies, especially in severe forms, even doctors recognize the effectiveness of natural medicines. Many formulations based on herbs, roots and essential oils significantly alleviate the patient’s condition, stop the destruction of cartilage and the formation of bone and scar tissue, and stimulate the production of synovial fluid, which is important in the fight against the disease.
In order for the treatment to be most effective, it is worth discussing with your doctor what traditional methods you can use yourself at home. I suggest several of the most popular means:
Specially selected exercises will help to significantly improve the condition of coxarthrosis; some will be suggested by your doctor, others can be read below or on other sites. I will only note that before using them you need to consult with your doctor, since if the complex is incorrectly selected and there are contraindications, you can cause even greater harm to your health.
For example, deforming arthrosis is dangerous to treat with physical activity - this is fraught with even greater pain and tissue destruction.
Gymnastics is also prohibited when:
It is believed that therapeutic exercises for coxarthrosis should be aimed at restoring muscles and ligaments, but not loading an already weak joint, so static rather than dynamic movements are better suited. The good news is that the set of exercises can be performed at any convenient time, without wasting money and nerves on trips to specialists, and given their effectiveness, it would simply be a crime not to use such a universal medicine.
I propose to consider the features of classes using the example of the Evdokimenko complex. This rheumatologist, academician and simply experienced physician created his own method of treating the disease. His healing gymnastics brought hundreds and thousands of patients back to their feet. Here are some exercises:
True, I do not recommend doing exercises only based on descriptions of exercises and videos; it is better to discuss this point with a doctor or even attend classes with a rehabilitation specialist several times, since with different types of illness it is necessary to adjust the complex in order to avoid complications.
Since arthrosis largely depends on metabolism, it is important to adhere to proper nutrition when treating the disease. It should be frequent, but not abundant. Excluded:
They should be replaced with more beneficial ones for cartilage tissue:
It is important to drink plenty of fluids to maintain salt balance.
Proper nutrition helps remove uric acid, which is dangerous for joints, relieve inflammation, remove excess weight, swelling, and thereby reduce the load on the affected area and even restore cartilage tissue. The greatest effect can be achieved at stage 1 of the disease.
If there are cases of the disease in the family or arthrosis of the hip joint has already existed and was successfully treated, correct and regular prevention is important, which consists of the following points:
Arthrosis of the hip joint, the symptoms and treatment of which we studied in this article, is a very unpleasant disease that, without proper treatment when the bones are fused, ends in disability and life in a wheelchair. Therefore, at the first symptoms, go to the doctor for a diagnosis and help. Timely and comprehensive treatment allows you to get rid of the problem and live without pain and restrictions. I sincerely wish you and your family good health, subscribe to the blog and visit us more often!
Synonyms: coxarthrosis, deforming arthrosis of the hip joint, osteoarthritis of the hip joint.
Arthrosis of the hip joint is a concept that includes all degenerative diseases of the hip joint that have arisen for various reasons (joint dysplasia, joint trauma, diseases associated with metabolic disorders, some infectious diseases, overload, exposure to toxic substances and radiation, etc.) characterized by common all with a progressive course, destruction of articular cartilage, pain and dysfunction of the joint.
Since hip dysplasia is more common in women, and also due to the greater resistance of cartilage to stress in men, women suffer from arthrosis of the hip joint more often than men. The risk of developing coxarthrosis increases with age. Thus, in 70-80% of people aged 70 years, signs of arthrosis are detected.
A significant risk factor for the occurrence or acceleration of arthrosis of the hip joint is excess weight (obesity).
In cases where the cause of the development of arthrosis of the hip joint is not known, they speak of primary or idiopathic coxarthrosis. Primary arthrosis of the hip joint (coxarthrosis) usually develops in older age, on average after 50-60 years, and is often bilateral.
In cases where the cause of the disease is known, we speak of secondary arthrosis of the hip joint. This type of coxarthrosis is more common at a younger age and is usually unilateral. In most cases, the cause of coxarthrosis is unknown.
There are various reasons for the development of arthrosis of the hip joint:
The main symptom of arthrosis of the hip joint is pain in the area of this joint when walking. Coxarthrosis is a chronic disease that develops over several years. Like any chronic disease, arthrosis of the hip joint develops with periods of exacerbation, when the pain syndrome increases sharply - activation of arthrosis and remission.
The pain is associated with mechanical overload - walking. It often appears in the morning (after sleep) or after a long period of sitting, these are the so-called “ starting pains ”. The pain disappears after short movements, such as walking.
Usually the pain is localized in the groin area, or along the outer thigh (trochanteric region), in the buttocks, along the front surface of the thigh with radiation to the knee. Depending on the intensity of the pain syndrome, restriction of movements in the joint is formed. It is worth noting that restriction of movement is initially associated with painful muscle tension, and subsequently with contraction of the joint capsule.
Due to the development of pain, a gait disturbance is formed - as a rule, the patient avoids painful movements. Subsequent development of arthrosis of the hip joint leads to more severe disorders , the formation of persistent contractures, and shortening of the limb.
Clinical diagnosis of hip arthrosis includes:
Instrumental arthrosis of the hip joint diagnosis:
Clinical and laboratory tests for differential diagnosis of arthrosis of the hip joint:
If there are medical indications and there are referral quotas, our center performs operations using funds allocated under the program for the provision of high-tech medical care (HTMC)
The overall goal of treatment for arthrosis of the hip joint is to reduce pain , maintain or improve mobility in the joint, slow the progression of arthrosis and improve the patient’s “ quality of life .” The main thing in treatment in the early stages of the disease is to eliminate the so-called “ risk factors ”. For example, unilateral violation of the axis of the lower limb, excess weight or metabolic disorders.
Requires the patient to change lifestyle and habits. The most commonly used medications for the treatment of arthrosis of the hip joint are:
Physiotherapeutic treatment of arthrosis of the hip joint is currently very diverse and includes:
Use of orthopedic structures:
Surgical treatment for arthrosis of the hip joint is used when conservative treatment is ineffective in advanced stages of the disease. Among the surgical methods for treating arthrosis of the hip joint, depending on the etiology, clinical and radiological picture, and other factors, the following are used:
There are many clinics in Moscow that deal with this problem at a good level.
Contact your local orthopedist
You may be indicated for hip replacement surgery.
Avoid static overloads and squats with heavy weights.
The consequences are different. Your doctor can fully answer your question during your consultation.
Moscow, st. Moskvorechye 16
Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia
Coxarthrosis (arthrosis deformans, osteoarthritis of the hip joint) is a disease of a degenerative-dystrophic nature, affecting mainly middle-aged and elderly people. Coxarthrosis develops gradually over several years. Accompanied by pain and limitation of movements in the joint. In later stages, atrophy of the thigh muscles and shortening of the limb are observed. Coxarthrosis can be provoked by various factors, including trauma, congenital pathology, pathological curvature of the spinal column (kyphosis, scoliosis), inflammatory and non-inflammatory diseases of the joint. There is a hereditary predisposition. Sometimes coxarthrosis occurs for no apparent reason. It can be either one-sided or two-sided. The course is progressive. In the early stages of coxarthrosis, treatment is conservative. In case of joint destruction, especially in young and middle-aged patients, surgery (endoprosthetics) is indicated.
Coxarthrosis (osteoarthrosis or deforming arthrosis of the hip joint) is a degenerative disease. Typically develops at age 40 or older. It can be a consequence of various injuries and diseases of the joint. Sometimes it occurs for no apparent reason. Both unilateral and bilateral lesions are possible. Coxarthrosis is characterized by a gradual progressive course. In the early stages of coxarthrosis, conservative treatment methods are used. In the later stages, the function of the joint can only be restored through surgery.
In orthopedics and traumatology, coxarthrosis is one of the most common arthrosis. The high frequency of its development is due to the significant load on the hip joint and the widespread prevalence of congenital pathology - joint dysplasia. Women suffer from coxarthrosis slightly more often than men.
The hip joint is formed by two bones: the ilium and the femur. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the ilium, forming a kind of “hinge”. During movement, the acetabulum remains motionless, and the head of the femur moves in various directions, allowing flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and rotation of the hip.
During movements, the articular surfaces of the bones slide smoothly against each other, thanks to the smooth, elastic and durable hyaline cartilage covering the cavity of the acetabulum and the head of the femur. In addition, hyaline cartilage performs a shock-absorbing function and is involved in the redistribution of load during movements and walking.
The joint cavity contains a small amount of joint fluid, which acts as a lubricant and provides nutrition to the hyaline cartilage. The joint is surrounded by a dense and durable capsule. Above the capsule are large femoral and gluteal muscles, which provide movement in the joint and, along with hyaline cartilage, are also shock absorbers that protect the joint from injury during unsuccessful movements.
With coxarthrosis, the joint fluid becomes thicker and more viscous. The surface of the hyaline cartilage dries out, loses its smoothness, and becomes covered with cracks. Due to the resulting roughness, the cartilages are constantly injured against each other during movements, which causes their thinning and aggravates pathological changes in the joint.
As coxarthrosis progresses, the bones begin to deform, “adapting” to the increased pressure. Metabolism in the joint area deteriorates. In the later stages of coxarthrosis, pronounced atrophy of the muscles of the diseased limb is observed.
There are primary coxarthrosis (arising for unknown reasons) and secondary coxarthrosis (developing as a result of other diseases).
Secondary coxarthrosis can result from the following diseases:
Coxarthrosis can be either unilateral or bilateral. With primary coxarthrosis, concomitant damage to the spine (osteochondrosis) and knee joint (gonarthrosis) is often observed.
Factors that increase the likelihood of developing coxarthrosis include:
Coxarthrosis itself is not inherited. However, certain features (metabolic disorders, structural features of the skeleton and weakness of cartilage tissue) can be inherited by the child from the parents. Therefore, if you have blood relatives suffering from coxarthrosis, the likelihood of the disease increasing slightly.
The main symptoms of coxarthrosis include pain in the joint, groin, hip and knee joints. Also, with coxarthrosis, stiffness of movements and joint stiffness, gait disturbances, lameness, atrophy of the thigh muscles and shortening of the limb on the affected side are observed. A characteristic sign of coxarthrosis is limitation of abduction (for example, the patient experiences difficulty when trying to sit “astride” on a chair).
The presence of certain signs and their severity depends on the stage of coxarthrosis. The first and most constant symptom of coxarthrosis is pain.
With grade 1 coxarthrosis, patients complain of periodic pain that occurs after physical activity (running or long walking). The pain is localized in the joint area, less often in the hip or knee area. After rest it usually disappears. Gait with coxarthrosis of the 1st degree is not impaired, movements are preserved in full, there is no muscle atrophy.
An x-ray of a patient suffering from grade 1 coxarthrosis reveals mild changes: moderate uneven narrowing of the joint space, as well as bone growths around the outer or inner edge of the acetabulum in the absence of changes in the head and neck of the femur.
With coxarthrosis of the 2nd degree, the pain becomes more intense, often appears at rest, and radiates to the thigh and groin area. After significant physical exertion, a patient with coxarthrosis begins to limp. The range of motion in the joint decreases: abduction and internal rotation of the hip are limited.
X-ray photographs of grade 2 coxarthrosis reveal a significant uneven narrowing of the joint space (more than half the normal height). The head of the femur moves slightly upward, becomes deformed and increases in size, and its contours become uneven. Bone growths with this degree of coxarthrosis appear not only on the inner, but also on the outer edge of the acetabulum and extend beyond the cartilaginous lip.
With grade 3 coxarthrosis, pain becomes constant and worries patients not only during the day, but also at night. Walking is difficult; when moving, a patient with coxarthrosis is forced to use a cane. The range of motion in the joint is sharply limited, the muscles of the buttock, thigh and lower leg are atrophied. Weakness of the hip abductor muscles causes deviation of the pelvis in the frontal plane and shortening of the limb on the affected side. In order to compensate for the resulting shortening, a patient suffering from coxarthrosis tilts his torso to the painful side when walking. Because of this, the center of gravity shifts, and the load on the affected joint increases sharply.
Radiographs of grade 3 coxarthrosis reveal a sharp narrowing of the joint space, a pronounced expansion of the femoral head and multiple bone growths.
The diagnosis of coxarthrosis is made on the basis of clinical signs and data from additional studies, the main of which is radiography. In many cases, x-rays make it possible to establish not only the degree of coxarthrosis, but also the cause of its occurrence. For example, an increase in the neck-diaphyseal angle, bevel and flattening of the acetabulum indicate dysplasia, and changes in the shape of the proximal part of the femur indicate that coxarthrosis is a consequence of Perthes disease or juvenile epiphysiolysis. X-rays of patients with coxarthrosis may also reveal changes indicating trauma.
CT and MRI can be used as other methods of instrumental diagnosis of coxarthrosis. Computed tomography makes it possible to study in detail pathological changes in bone structures, and magnetic resonance imaging provides the opportunity to evaluate disorders of soft tissues.
First of all, coxarthrosis should be differentiated from gonarthrosis (osteoarthrosis of the knee joint) and osteochondrosis of the spine. Muscle atrophy, which occurs in stages 2 and 3 of coxarthrosis, can cause pain in the knee joint, which is often more pronounced than pain in the affected area. Therefore, if a patient complains of pain in the knee, a clinical (examination, palpation, determination of range of motion) examination of the hip joint should be performed, and if coxarthrosis is suspected, the patient should be referred for radiography.
Pain due to radicular syndrome (compression of the nerve roots) due to osteochondrosis and some other diseases of the spine can imitate the pain syndrome due to coxarthrosis. In contrast to coxarthrosis, when the roots are compressed, pain occurs suddenly, after an unsuccessful movement, sharp turn, lifting weights, etc., is localized in the buttock area and spreads along the back of the thigh. A positive symptom of tension is detected - severe pain when the patient tries to lift a straightened limb while lying on his back. In this case, the patient freely moves his leg to the side, whereas in patients with coxarthrosis, abduction is limited. It should be borne in mind that osteochondrosis and coxarthrosis can be observed simultaneously, so in all cases a thorough examination of the patient is necessary.
In addition, coxarthrosis is differentiated from trochanteritis (trochanteric bursitis) - aseptic inflammation in the area of the attachment of the gluteal muscles. Unlike coxarthrosis, the disease develops quickly, within 1-2 weeks, usually after injury or significant physical activity. The intensity of pain is higher than with coxarthrosis. There is no limitation of movements or shortening of the limb.
In some cases, with an atypical course of ankylosing spondylitis or reactive arthritis, symptoms resembling coxarthrosis may be observed. Unlike coxarthrosis, in these diseases the peak of pain occurs at night. The pain syndrome is very intense and can decrease with walking. Morning stiffness is characteristic, which occurs immediately after waking up and gradually disappears over several hours.
Orthopedists treat coxarthrosis. The choice of treatment methods depends on the symptoms and stage of the disease. At stages 1 and 2 of coxarthrosis, conservative therapy is carried out. During the period of exacerbation of coxarthrosis, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (piroxicam, indomethacin, diclofenac, ibuprofen, etc.) are used. It should be borne in mind that drugs in this group are not recommended to be taken for a long time, since they can have a negative effect on internal organs and suppress the ability of hyaline cartilage to recover.
To restore damaged cartilage during coxarthrosis, agents from the group of chondroprotectors (chondroitin sulfate, calf cartilage extract, etc.) are used. To improve blood circulation and eliminate spasm of small vessels, vasodilators (cinnarizine, nicotinic acid, pentoxifylline, xanthinol nicotinate) are prescribed. Muscle relaxants (medicines to relax muscles) are used according to indications.
For persistent pain syndrome, patients suffering from coxarthrosis may be prescribed intra-articular injections using hormonal drugs (hydrocortisone, triamcinolone, metipred). Treatment with steroids must be done with caution. In addition, for coxarthrosis, local remedies are used - warming ointments, which do not have a pronounced therapeutic effect, however, in some cases they relieve muscle spasms and reduce pain due to their “distracting” effect. Also, for coxarthrosis, physiotherapeutic procedures are prescribed (phototherapy, ultrasound therapy, laser therapy, UHF, inductothermy, magnetic therapy), massage, manual therapy and therapeutic exercises.
A diet for coxarthrosis does not have an independent therapeutic effect and is used only as a means of weight loss. Reducing body weight allows you to reduce the load on the hip joints and, as a result, alleviate the course of coxarthrosis. In order to reduce the load on the joint, the doctor, depending on the degree of coxarthrosis, may recommend that the patient walk with a cane or crutches.
In the later stages (with coxarthrosis of the 3rd degree), the only effective method of treatment is surgery - replacing the destroyed joint with an endoprosthesis. Depending on the nature of the lesion, either a unipolar (replacing only the femoral head) or a bipolar (replacing both the femoral head and acetabulum) prosthesis can be used.
Endoprosthesis replacement surgery for coxarthrosis is carried out as planned, after a full examination, under general anesthesia. In the postoperative period, antibiotic therapy is carried out. The sutures are removed on days 10-12, after which the patient is discharged for outpatient treatment. After endoprosthetics, rehabilitation measures are required.
In 95% of cases, joint replacement surgery for coxarthrosis ensures complete restoration of limb function. Patients can work, move actively and even play sports. The average service life of a prosthesis, if all recommendations are followed, is 15-20 years. After this, a repeat operation is necessary to replace the worn endoprosthesis.
Coxarthrosis of the hip joint is a pathology that affects one or two joints at once. The disease is chronic and manifests itself in the form of degeneration and dystrophy of the periosteal cartilage of the heads of the tibia and pelvis. At the site of the inflammatory-degenerative process, the destruction of cartilaginous plates occurs, exposing the bones. Plus, irreversible processes of an anatomical and physiological nature develop inside and outside the joints. With coxarthrosis, not only the joints suffer, but also the soft tissues surrounding them. The entire articular complex (articular capsules, muscle tendons, synovial membranes) undergoes destructive changes leading to ankylosis with limited movement. Information about: “coxarthrosis of the hip joint, stage 2, symptoms and treatment,” will help you avoid becoming disabled.
The most serious problem a person has is limited movement or even a wheelchair. Most often, this problem is caused by the destruction of the cartilage plate of the joints. Only laboratory and instrumental studies in an inpatient setting will help you recognize and treat grade 2 coxarthrosis of the hip joint. After all, this pathology passes into the chronic stage unnoticed, since primary coxarthrosis practically develops asymptomatically. Patients seek specialized help in an advanced stage. That is why every person should know how the disease progresses, and first of all, where it begins and what causes it.
According to statistical data, elderly people suffer from degenerative-destructive lesions of the hip joint.
The incidence rate is 70% of the total number of musculoskeletal diseases.
This fact has been confirmed by many years of medical research. Why such a high percentage? This is due to the blurred clinical picture of the disease. Many people do not pay attention to temporary pain that disappears during a night's rest. After a certain period, the disease enters the chronic stage, pain in the hip joint and lower back intensifies and does not go away even with rest. In this case, stage 2 coxarthrosis of the hip joint cannot be treated without surgery; only surgery will eliminate the constant pain and restore the physiological function of the organ.
Pain during long walks or working in a vertical position begins to radiate to the lower extremities, pelvis and groin area. Patients with this diagnosis find it difficult to find a certain position to get rid of pain. Plus, hyperesthesia appears on the surface of the skin; it is localized on the dorsal part of the thigh, sometimes spreading to the lower leg and foot. At this moment it is impossible to even touch it with your hand, the skin is very sensitive. When bending and straightening the joint, a specific crunch is heard and clearly felt. It is accompanied by pain and limitation of movement. During rest, the pain subsides, but does not disappear completely. In the morning, you feel stiffness and tension in the muscles of the thigh and lower leg. All patients have the same question - “how to treat grade 2 coxarthrosis of the hip joint and forget about it forever?”
Creaks and crunches in the hip and knee joints are formed as a result of “abrasion” of the cartilaginous layer. The changes affect the joint as a whole, that is, after abrasion of the cartilage, its degeneration and destruction of bones, the synovial fluid in the joint capsule becomes less, the bone is exposed and covered with spines - osteophytes. When you touch the exposed bone surfaces, severe pain occurs, as well as crunching and creaking when the joint works. The disease is complicated by the inflammatory process. Less commonly, coxarthrosis is accompanied by the addition of infectious pathogens. In this case, suppuration of the synovial bursa occurs, the patient feels severe pain, general malaise and fever due to elevated temperature. The joint changes its anatomical shape, thickens and shortens in size. Inflammation affects soft tissues and tendons. Complicated coxarthrosis enters the third stage with a full picture of complications: limitation of movement or ankylosis. The worst thing is ankylosis. With this course of the disease, bones, tendons and muscles grow together.
Attention! There is no need to rely on outpatient treatment; grade 2 coxarthrosis of the hip joint cannot always be treated without surgery. Drugs from the group of diclofenac, chondroprotectors and immunomodulators, in some cases, will not help restore the lost function of the affected joint.
To clarify: how to treat grade 2 coxarthrosis of the hip joint , you need to find out the causes of the disease. The causes of the destructive-inflammatory process may be the following:
In order to prevent irreversible processes and serious complications, that is, not to reach inflammatory-destructive coxarthrosis, you need to familiarize yourself with the stages of this pathology. And then, grade 2 coxarthrosis of the hip joint will not be difficult to treat without surgery.
Symptoms are scant. There may be slight and short-term pain in the joints even after prolonged running and exercise. With rest the pain disappears. The joint works without stiffness or limitation of movement. What you need to pay attention to at the very beginning of the disease is a specific light crunch. It all starts with it, this shows that the cartilage tissue is slowly wearing away.
Attention! If a crunching sensation appears in the joint, you should immediately be examined in specialized clinics, in order to exclude the transition of the disease to the next stage with the development of further complications.
At this degree, the cartilage plate rapidly depletes in the joint structure, the volume of synovial fluid decreases, and inflammation occurs. The pain increases and does not stop even at rest. When walking, patients spare their joints and their gait changes. Debilitating night pain appears, radiating to the lower extremities, lower back and groin. If one joint is affected, the patient begins to limp on one leg, but if both joints are affected, then the patient walks in a bent state.
At this stage, the cartilage is completely erased, and in its place the bone is covered with osteophytes. The anatomical parameters of the joint are disturbed. Movement is paralyzed, that is, ankylosis of the joint prevents patients from moving. Soft tissues begin to atrophy. Constant feeling of pain, especially at night. The treatment option is surgical, that is, endoprosthetics (replacing a natural joint with an artificial prosthesis).
Complex treatment of the destructive-inflammatory process of the hip joint consists of the following stages, namely: corrective diet, medications, therapeutic and preventive measures and surgical intervention.
Include fruits, vegetables, sprouted grains, cereals, dairy products, chicken and beef meat, fish and products containing gelatin in your nutritious diet. Fresh vegetables and fruits contain a large amount of vitamins B, C, E, A and D, as well as plant phytoncides, micro and macroelements (calcium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus). Fish, chicken and beef are rich in proteins, phosphorus, fluorine and iron. These products have a high concentration of gelatin, which helps restore damaged joints. Bakery products made from white flour are excluded; they are difficult to digest, increasing fermentation and increasing slagging in the body. Preference is given to black rye or grain bread.
Attention! Salt, sugar, fatty, fried and peppered foods are not recommended.
The first on the list of medications is painkillers. These include the anti-inflammatory non-steroidal group. Paracetamol, Indomethacin, Ortofen and Diclofenac are the most effective drugs in the treatment of grade 2 coxarthrosis of the hip joint. One of these medications is prescribed exclusively by the attending physician after laboratory and instrumental studies. These drugs are used strictly according to the scheme and individually according to health indications. Long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs or their overdose causes gastrointestinal complications.
Chondroprotectors are prescribed together with anti-inflammatory drugs. They help restore damaged cartilage areas. Plus, they improve blood supply to the joint and its metabolism. They prevent further pathological destruction, but chondroprotectors cannot completely restore the cartilage reserve. This group includes Chondroxide, Rumalon, Hyaluronic acid, Chondrotin sulfate and Diacerin. Along with oral medications, local therapy is prescribed: ointments, gels and lotions. These include: Diclofenac Sodium, Voltaren Emulgel, Lyotongel, Fastum Gel and Feloran, as well as sea salt lotions and iodine net.
The non-medicinal method consists of eliminating the main cause of coxarthrosis: increased stress, congenital pathology, treatment of somatic diseases. Take teas and decoctions of medicinal herbs rich in phytoncides, minerals and vitamins.
Massage sessions, along with electrophoresis, baths and acupuncture, have an excellent effect in restoring affected joints.
These two methods aim to provide long-term relief from pain and movement restrictions. With arthroscopic debris, pieces of affected tissue and elements of the inflammatory-destructive process are scraped out from the internal contents of the joint, and with periarticular osteotomy, the contacting articular bones are cleared of spines. Both the first and second methods bring relief for 2-3 years, it all depends on the patient’s individual attitude towards following a gentle regimen and on his general condition.
A diagnosis of grade 2 coxarthrosis of the hip joint is not a verdict! You need to fight him and win. Modern treatment methods are able to save every patient from this disease. At the first symptoms in the hip joint, you need to go to the clinic and be examined by a doctor in a timely manner. Your health depends only on your desire.