This disease is the second most common cancer in women. Uterine cancer is poorly diagnosed in the early stages, causes enormous damage to the body, and often leads to irreversible processes and death. The worst thing is that pain from uterine cancer begins when the tumor begins to “grow” into the pelvic floor and affect surrounding organs. Are you worried about pain due to uterine cancer? Read the article below for what to pay attention to.
Pain in uterine cancer: problem prevention
In order to prevent uterine cancer, you need to lead a healthy lifestyle and take care of your body. This especially applies to those who:
Reached the age of 40 years. Women of the middle and older age group are a potential risk group susceptible to pain from uterine cancer.
I had more than one abortion, although sometimes one sin of youth is enough. Abortion leaves a mark on the body's disease history. A trace that may appear many years later in the form of uterine cancer.
He led a rich sex life, often changed partners, without observing the rules of hygiene and protecting his body.
He suffered from chronic and advanced forms of sexually transmitted infections.
This is not the entire list of reasons that can cause uterine cancer, but this is the main list. Women from these groups should pay attention to this and watch themselves; perhaps they will be able to prevent the disease before the pain of uterine cancer themselves indicates a terrible diagnosis.
Pain in uterine cancer: what to look for?
Even in the early stages of uterine cancer, watery, white discharge begins to appear. Itching and discomfort will appear. They can talk about candidiasis, or they can precede a terrible disease.
A nagging pain in the lower abdomen is always an alarming symptom, so even it is worth paying attention to.
It is worth paying attention to the fact that after exertion or stress, purulent-bloody discharge may appear, which clearly will not be evidence of health.
Impaired bowel or bladder function against the background of pain due to uterine cancer may indicate that the tumor has developed so much that it has begun to affect neighboring organs.
The menstrual cycle may change with uterine cancer. Its nature, intensity, period of occurrence should not change without apparent reason, and even due to load. This is a warning sign.
Sharp pain during movements in the lower abdomen is evidence of a developed problem.
The problem is that pain with uterine cancer is already the stage at which treatment takes on an aggressive nature. To avoid these problems, you need to pay attention to your health and diagnose your women's health once every six months. This will protect you to a greater extent, although it will not give a one hundred percent guarantee.
Cervical cancer is an oncological process in which a malignant tumor is diagnosed in the cervical area. In the list of the most common cancer diseases, this disease ranks 3rd (after endometrial and breast cancer). The first symptoms and signs of cervical cancer are discussed below.
This disease is considered very common nowadays. Most often, the first signs and symptoms of cervical cancer are found in women aged 30 to 55 years (in recent years, this disease has become much younger). Despite the fact that this pathology is easily diagnosed, unfortunately, in almost half of the patients it is detected in late stages. Modern medicine offers several ways to solve the problem, up to complete recovery and restoration of the body. Practice shows that with timely treatment of the disease in the early stages (without removing the organ), a woman can have healthy offspring in the future.
In most cases, the disease develops against the background of precancerous conditions. The risk group for this disease includes women who neglect treatment of sexually transmitted infections and patients who do not follow the rules of personal hygiene.
Girls who begin to be sexually active at an early age (before 16 years), when the cervical epithelium contains immature cells that easily degenerate into cancer, can also get sick. Scar changes on the mucous membrane of the organ, hormonal imbalance, smoking, drinking alcohol, exposure to radiation - all this significantly increases the risk of occurrence. Every year, this diagnosis is detected in 600,000 women around the world.
Regardless of what symptoms a woman experiences with cervical cancer, the source of the tumor is the healthy cells that cover this organ.
The main threat is posed by viruses, which lead to mutations and provoke the degeneration of healthy cells into cancerous ones. During the course of the disease, tumor cells can be transported with lymph to nearby lymph nodes, thereby forming metastases. Despite the development and spread of the disease, symptoms of cervical cancer in women at this stage may be absent or mild.
Depending on the type of affected epithelium, there are:
It is impossible to say exactly what is the first symptom of cervical cancer, since all manifestations of the disease are usually mild. In the early stages they may be absent altogether. As the tumor grows, warning signs and symptoms may occur. But at this moment the damage can reach neighboring organs. That is why women should undergo regular examinations by a gynecologist with mandatory colposcopy (microscopic examination of the condition of the cervix).
When examining the condition of the cervix due to cancer, ulcerations are diagnosed, as well as changes in the color of the cervix.
The signs and symptoms of cervical cancer listed above are not exact or necessary. They can also signal the presence of other gynecological diseases, so it is very important to conduct a comprehensive diagnosis by an experienced gynecologist.
Any manifestation of symptoms in women should alert and to confirm or refute the diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct the following types of studies:
If signs and symptoms of cervical cancer are observed and the presence of the disease is suspected, the gynecologist prescribes related diagnostic procedures to exclude or confirm the spread of a malignant neoplasm to neighboring organs.
Treatment of cervical cancer involves the following types of therapy:
Radiation and chemotherapy are usually prescribed at the preoperative stage in order to reduce the size of the cancer tumor. The most common treatment is complex, which combines surgery, radiation and chemotherapy . For a long period of time, only the first two methods were used; recently it has been proven that combining all treatment methods significantly increases the effectiveness of the course of treatment.
Radiation is the leading method of treatment; it is especially often used if the patient has stage 3-4 of the disease and surgical removal of the tumor is impossible.
During the course, remote gamma therapy is used, which is supplemented by intracavitary irradiation of the cervix.
Chemotherapy is usually used as an adjunct to radiation. The results obtained are ambiguous: on the one hand, efficiency increases and it becomes possible to reduce the radiation dose, and therefore reduce the likelihood of the appearance of radio-induced formations. On the other hand, such combination treatment is poorly tolerated by patients and leads to side effects.
Such a disease can develop rapidly or be sluggish, but in each of these cases a number of complications may occur:
In order not to figure out what symptoms may indicate cervical cancer and look for what the first sign of such a disease is, prevention should be carried out in a timely manner . To this end, the following actions are being taken:
Treatment of the disease should be carried out under the supervision of a gynecologist with a surgical profile, as well as an oncologist.
Cervical cancer is a serious disease that leads to serious complications. The main threat is metastasis to the lymph nodes, other organs (kidneys, lungs, liver), removal of the uterus and, as a result, infertility. Chemotherapy, which is used in the treatment of cancer, has a toxic effect on the organs and systems of the human body. The development of cancer can be prevented by undergoing preventive examinations with a gynecologist at least once every six months, as well as paying attention to the characteristic symptoms of cervical cancer in women.
The success of treating the disease depends on the patient’s age, general health, the therapy chosen by the gynecologist and oncologist, the stage and form of cancer. If oncology is diagnosed at an early stage, the prognosis is favorable , the disease can be cured with surgical techniques, the woman can have healthy offspring in the future (pregnancy can be planned after 3 years, taking into account the absence of relapses).
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Pituitary adenoma is a benign neoplasm that develops from the glandular cells of the adenohypophysis, leading to a disruption in the production of one or more tropic hormones. Treatment and
Recent years have been marked by an increase in cancer cases, including cervical cancer. The very word “cancer” evokes incredible horror at the thought of what kind of torment one will have to endure and, ultimately, losing in this terrible war, die. But, as with other diseases, early diagnosis can prevent the disease and even save lives. Therefore, it is very important to know exactly what can trigger the disease, how it can be recognized and how to treat it.
Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor located in a woman's reproductive organs, namely the cervix. The cervix is located between the vagina and the uterus itself. Practice shows that most often cervical cancer is caused by the presence of the human papillomavirus in the body.
Regular examination by a gynecologist can help detect cancer in the cervix early. This is explained by the fact that the disease does not always reveal itself by the presence of any symptoms. In other cases, uterine bleeding and pain may occur. This article will take a closer look at the causes of cervical cancer, its symptoms and treatment methods.
Research into the causes of cervical cancer has revealed one pattern. A cancerous tumor in the cervix is caused by the presence of the human papillomavirus in a woman’s body. But not every type of papillomavirus provokes a cancerous tumor, but only 16, 18 and 31 types of HPV.
The assumption that cervical cancer can be sexually transmitted has very good grounds. If a woman is promiscuous and frequently changes partners, then sooner or later she may become infected with the human papillomavirus through unprotected sexual intercourse. And what is the probability that it will not be exactly 16, 18 or 31 types of the virus, which provokes the formation of cervical cancer. Therefore, one of the ways to prevent the appearance of a cancerous tumor is to lead a highly moral lifestyle and have sexual relations only with your life partner.
Currently, two types of cancer in the cervix have been identified in medical practice. The first type and the most common is a malignant tumor that grows from squamous epithelial cells that “line” the cervix. This tumor occurs in 80% of cases of cervical cancer. The rest of the cancer cases originate from the cells responsible for the production of cervical mucus. This malignant tumor is known as cervical adenocarcinoma.
The main prerequisite for the appearance and development of a malignant tumor in the cervix is the presence of various gynecological diseases in this area. For a woman who is healthy in this regard, the risk of cervical cancer is completely absent. Therefore, it is very important to undergo regular examinations with a gynecologist and monitor your health in a timely manner. What gynecological diseases of the cervix can cause the appearance and development of a cancerous tumor?
This is a very common disease. But it can be treated quite successfully. In most cases, this disease does not lead to the development of a cancerous tumor. Such a threat arises only in cases where the disease is very advanced.
This is a disease in which abnormal cells develop in the cervix. They begin to divide uncontrollably, significantly increasing the risk of developing a malignant tumor.
The tumor goes through three stages of development. The first and second stages respond well to treatment. If upon examination a tumor was found to be in the first or second stage, then this can still be corrected. But if time is lost and the tumor has reached the third stage, then it is already beginning to turn into a cancerous tumor. This means that the tumor begins to grow deep into the cervix.
Further, as the tumor grows, it begins to penetrate into nearby organs, most often the bladder or rectum. But that's not all. Cancer cells have the ability to penetrate into the blood. This means that such a cell can end up and settle in any organ and cause the development of a new cancer tumor there. And so on until the entire body is affected. Therefore, regular examination by a gynecologist and early diagnosis are vital.
Such a preventive measure will help to detect in time the prerequisites for the occurrence of a cancerous tumor, as well as the tumor itself in its early stages. And, as you know, early diagnosis is a doctor’s best friend and ally in the fight against this terrible disease.
In the early stages, the tumor does not make itself felt in any way. It can be detected completely by accident during a routine examination, or when a woman turns to a gynecologist on her own initiative. If a woman is not checked by a gynecologist for a long time, there is a huge danger that the tumor that has arisen will not be detected in time and will develop into cancer. In this case, it will already loudly announce itself with various symptoms. The malignant tumor gradually reaches such a size that it begins to have a strong impact on the functioning of the entire reproductive system of the woman, and then the entire body as a whole. What symptoms indicate the presence of cancer in the cervix?
The first signs of cervical cancer are the appearance of small blood discharge after sexual intercourse. This is due to the fact that tissues affected by cancer are very sensitive to touch. They begin to bleed at the slightest contact with them. But there are, although extremely rare, small bleeding without any contact with the tissues affected by the tumor.
The second sign of the presence of a malignant tumor in the cervix is specific transparent and slightly yellowish vaginal discharge. These secretions consist mainly of white blood cells, which are produced by the body to fight cancer cells. Such discharge is very difficult to distinguish from normal vaginal discharge. But for a gynecologist this is not a problem.
The third sign of the presence of a malignant neoplasm is pain in the lower abdomen, in the spine and sacrum. Also, during sexual intercourse, a woman who has developed cervical cancer experiences severe pain. However, a little clarification is worth making here. This sign is a sign only in combination with other signs. The pain itself during sexual intercourse can have many other, but no less serious, causes.
Further, as the tumor progresses, the next symptom appears - swelling of the external genitalia and lower extremities. This happens because cancer cells have already invaded the large blood vessels of the lower extremities, blocking them, and into the pelvic lymph nodes.
The next stage in the development of cervical cancer is the formation of fistulas, or openings between the vagina, bladder and rectum. The occurrence of such fistulas leads to a very sharp deterioration in the general physical condition of a woman.
As metastases spread, they can compress the ureters, and enlarged lymph nodes can partially or even completely compress the kidneys. As a result, hydronephrosis begins to develop. The body's waste products cease to be excreted, which leads to rapid poisoning. In this situation, emergency medical intervention is required.
Hydronephrosis causes a sick woman to develop a severe bacterial urinary tract infection. Pus begins to flow into the blood of the unfortunate woman. The immune system is already practically suppressed by the disease. Without emergency medical intervention, the woman may die.
At the last stage of a cancerous tumor, metastases develop in the lymph nodes of the pelvic region, compressing large vessels of the lower extremities. This may cause swelling in one of the limbs.
The presence of a tumor in the cervix is determined during a routine examination by a gynecologist or in cases where a woman consults a doctor with any of the above symptoms. Diagnosis is carried out using various methods. Let's list them.
The very first and simplest method of diagnosing cervical cancer is carried out using a gynecological speculum. In this case, the doctor pays attention to the presence of changes in the condition of the uterine mucosa.
The second method for diagnosing cervical cancer is the Papanicolaou test, otherwise known as a Pap test. To carry out this test, swabs are taken from the cervical mucosa and cervical canal. These smears are examined using a microscope. The beauty of this method is that it allows you to detect not only cancer at very early stages, but also precancerous conditions and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
A Pap test is performed on all women, regardless of the reasons for their visit to a gynecologist. No field sensations. At the same time, as mentioned above, this is a very informative test. Therefore, it is not prudent to refuse it.
Colposcopy is prescribed by a doctor when additional data is required. To perform colposcopy, a special optical device is used - a colposcope. This device can be compared to a large magnifying glass, with which the doctor can carefully examine the condition of the cervical mucosa and pay special attention to suspicious areas.
A cervical biopsy is performed by removing a small amount of tissue from the cervix. Next, this tissue is examined under a microscope to determine the presence of a malignant tumor. A doctor must perform a cervical biopsy on every woman who is suspected of having cancer. This is the latest method for diagnosing malignant neoplasms in the cervix.
Intravenous urography is performed in women with a malignant tumor in the cervix. Only now, the purpose of this diagnosis is to check the state of functioning of the urinary system, especially the kidneys. This procedure must be done because the cancerous tumor can put pressure on the kidneys or ureters, which can lead to instant poisoning of the body.
Rectoscopy and cystoscopy can determine the condition of the bladder and rectum. This must be done, as they can be compressed by cancer metastases, which can lead to rapid poisoning of the body.
The examination results showed the presence of a cancerous tumor in the cervix. The next very important step in the fight against this monster is determining its stage of development. To do this, you need to undergo another additional examination. An x-ray is used to check the condition of the patient's chest. Next, an ultrasound of the pelvic and abdominal organs is performed. If this is not enough, a computed tomography scan is done.
In medical practice, the development of a cancerous tumor is divided into four stages.
Why is a five-year period of time taken as the survival threshold? Studies have shown that it is precisely five years after the end of the treatment course and not earlier that one can say with confidence whether the disease has been defeated or not. If five years after the end of the course the tests are clear and do not show any tumor, then you can completely forget about cancer. This whole nightmare is over.
The choice of treatment methods for cervical cancer is very individual. One of the factors that determines the treatment regimen for each individual woman is the general condition of her body as a whole. It is important to understand that you will need to be examined by different specialists, not just an oncologist.
To see the full picture of how affected the body is by a cancerous tumor and to correctly determine the stage of the disease, it is necessary to undergo a complete and very thorough examination of the entire body. Only in this way, having the most complete picture of the disease in hand, will the doctor be able to select the most effective and, at the same time, the most gentle treatment system for healthy organs.
The second factor that determines the choice of treatment methods is the stage of the cancer itself. In the first two stages, when the tumor is still only within the cervix, everything is solved by surgery. The body and cervix and ovaries are removed. This completely solves the problem. The woman will no longer be able to have children; she will need to constantly take special medications to maintain hormonal balance in her body, but she will live. If the cancer tumor has grown into the third or fourth stage, then this method in itself no longer has any power.
At the third or fourth stage of the disease, in addition to surgery, you will also need to undergo a course of chemotherapy. This must be done in order not only to destroy the source of the cancer, but also to kill all its metastases, all cancer cells that have spread throughout the body.
Methods of chemotherapy and what drugs are used will not be presented in this article. This is a rather specific and very broad topic that requires special medical education. The most important thing to understand is that the earlier the disease is detected, the greater the chance of a complete cure, and therefore of saving the woman’s life.
To the great joy of the gynecologist, women often ask whether they can somehow protect themselves from the appearance of this terrible killer. This is a very prudent and serious question. The faster the tumor is detected, the greater the chance of success. But it’s even better if you can prevent the occurrence of this disease.
In medical practice, there are three main methods of preventing the occurrence of cervical cancer.
We really hope that this article fully helped you, dear ladies, to see how important it is to take your health seriously. We tried to cover issues such as the causes of cervical cancer, its signs and treatment methods. Do not hesitate to visit a gynecologist, dear women! This could save your life!
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Cervical cancer (CC) is a very common female cancer. It is not among the top three, behind tumors of the stomach, skin and breast, but more than 600,000 new cases are recorded annually.
It poses the greatest danger to middle-aged women 35-55 years old. After this milestone, it is diagnosed quite rarely, and in young representatives of the fairer sex it is noted in isolated cases. A number of factors increase the likelihood of this disease. These include early onset of sexual activity, cervical erosion, the presence of human papillomavirus in the blood, smoking, and so on. When such factors appear, you should be attentive to your well-being. And if you don’t know what symptoms of cervical cancer (CC) appear most often, our article may be useful to you.
The main problem of cervical cancer (CC), like many other cancers, lies in its symptoms. In the early stages, they are uncharacteristic and erased, growing as the tumor grows and secondary formations appear. This makes early diagnosis of this disease much more difficult.
But it is in the early stages that it responds much better to therapy. Therefore, if any suspicious signs appear, you should consult a doctor. The main symptoms include:
If any such signs of cervical cancer (CC) appear, you should consult a doctor and get diagnosed. Perhaps the symptoms indicate some other disease, but, in any case, they clearly indicate problems with the female reproductive system.
If the disease was not diagnosed in time and adequate treatment was not started, then other symptoms may appear associated with an increase in the primary tumor, germination into nearby tissue, as well as the spread of metastases. Let's see what symptoms of cervical cancer (CC) appear in later stages:
Now you better understand what symptoms of cervical cancer (CC) should alert a woman. Of course, it is better to prevent the formation of late severe symptoms, which indicate that the tumor has already penetrated other organs, and to consult a doctor when the first symptoms appear. They usually accompany the first and second stages, when the tumor is still localized and responds well to treatment.
But even if you know how cervical cancer (CC) manifests itself, you should not rely only on the symptoms. Regular preventive examination by a gynecologist will help to recognize the disease in time, in the early stages, before even the first signs of cervical cancer (CC) have appeared. And this, in turn, significantly increases the chances of a full recovery.
Women of all ages are at risk of developing cervical cancer once they become sexually active. Risk factors include unprotected sex, multiple sexual partners, being overweight, using oral contraceptives, genetics, smoking, low immunity, multiple or early pregnancies. Most cases of the disease are caused by the human papillomavirus.
The worst thing about this serious illness is the absence of symptoms in the early stages. Symptoms become noticeable when vital organs such as the bladder, liver, intestines or lungs are affected. A woman who notices any changes in the functioning of her genital organs should immediately consult a doctor. Remember that your chances of successfully treating cervical cancer are better if it is detected in the early stages.
1. Failure of the menstrual cycle may be an indicator of cervical cancer. As cancer cells spread to nearby tissue, they create new capillaries that easily break and cause bleeding. This can happen between periods, after sexual intercourse, after menopause, and even after a gynecological examination.
An irregular menstrual cycle may be associated with other medical conditions, such as hormonal imbalance, pelvic inflammatory disease, or infections.
2. Atypical vaginal discharge . If your vaginal discharge has a foul odor and is larger than usual, it may be a sign of infection, endometrial lining, or cervical cancer. Cancer is characterized by thick discharge, ranging from white to dark brown, often mixed with blood.
3. Pain during intercourse is another important sign of cervical cancer. Besides pain, you may experience other symptoms such as thick, foul-smelling vaginal discharge after sexual intercourse. These symptoms are also characteristic of infectious diseases.
4. Spasms and pain in the pelvic area , which are typical during menstruation, are unacceptable during other periods of the cycle. Continued or sudden pain at any time during the month may be a sign of cervical cancer. Pain may indicate an advanced disease.
5. Discomfort when urinating is one of the most obvious and common symptoms of a fatal disease. Burning, tingling, difficulty urinating can also be signs of a urinary tract infection or sexually transmitted diseases.
6. Changes in menstrual flow . Heavier, more painful and longer periods are a warning sign for cervical cancer. Bleeding is considered heavy if sanitary pads or tampons require changing more than once every two hours. In addition to cancer, heavy bleeding can be associated with hormonal imbalances, fibroids, polyps, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometrial disease, or problems with the thyroid gland, liver or kidneys.
7. Urinary incontinence or frequent urge for no apparent reason needs further evaluation. Bladder control is a major problem when cervical cancer is involved. This usually indicates that the cancer has spread beyond the localized area and is affecting the bladder or other parts of the urinary tract. People diagnosed with cancer often experience loss of bladder control coupled with blood in the urine.
8. Unreasonable weight loss is typical for any form of cancer. During illness, the body produces cytokines, hormone-like proteins that break down fat faster than usual. This leads to weight loss, regardless of nutrition.
9. Constant weakness with sufficient rest and not too active activity can be a signal of cancer. Healthy red blood cells are replaced with white ones to fight disease. This leads to anemia, the symptoms of which are fatigue, apathy and loss of appetite. In addition, oxygen supply is reduced. Anemia is a sign of progressive disease.
10. Leg pain . Women diagnosed with cervical cancer often complain of swelling and pain in their legs. When cancer spreads, it impedes blood flow, causing swelling in the legs. With cervical cancer, pain is usually constant and increases over time. From time to time, back pain may also appear.
Pain in the legs itself cannot be a sign of a disease, but if it is combined with other signs and lasts for several weeks, you should hurry up and visit a doctor.
Welcome! Our website is an electronic medical reference book that contains descriptions of diseases and methods of their treatment.
The most precious thing a person has in life is his health. Unfortunately, very often we do not appreciate this. Only with good health can a person live a full life, study, explore the world, have children and raise them. Conversely, lost health can often not be compensated by accumulated millions or high social status.
The life of a modern metropolis resident is a huge burden on his body. Junk food, numerous temptations of the big city, bad habits, lack of time for sleep and rest, chronic stress and the crazy rhythm of city life negatively affect even people with good health.
But in addition to this, a person constantly breathes air that is poisoned by exhaust fumes, experiences the effects of many allergens of various origins, eats fruits and vegetables filled with chemicals and consumes food products containing numerous dyes, flavors and preservatives.
The combination of all these factors leads to the fact that a person often has a whole bunch of chronic diseases by the age of 30, and children suffer from diseases that only older people suffered from 100 years ago.
In the current situation, it is very important to have information about various diseases, their symptoms and treatment methods. Our medical encyclopedia is designed to help you understand this. You can find on the website descriptions, symptoms and methods of treating diseases known to science. The articles are written in simple and understandable language, so the site will be useful to almost everyone.
Any disease causes a disruption in the normal functioning of the body and can cause irreparable harm to it. That is why it is important to identify the disease as early as possible and begin its treatment. The information obtained from this encyclopedia will help to recognize the disease and obtain practical recommendations for its treatment.
To make it easier to recognize diseases, the website contains photos of various diseases.
The description of the disease usually includes its definition, etiology, symptoms of the disease, methods of diagnosis and treatment. Let's talk about these concepts in a little more detail.
Etiology refers to the branch of medicine that studies the conditions and causes of diseases. Despite all the diversity, the reasons are divided into six large groups:
A symptom is a sign of a disease that is identified during a survey or examination of the patient. Based on the symptoms, a diagnosis is usually made, a prognosis is determined, and treatment for the disease is prescribed. Symptoms can be both protective reflexes of the body (for example, vomiting during poisoning), and signs of a pathological process occurring in the body.
Based on the time of occurrence, early and late symptoms are distinguished. The former appear in the early, the latter in the later stages of the disease. Correct diagnosis of a disease often depends on a correct assessment of the identified symptoms. This medical encyclopedia contains detailed descriptions of the symptoms of a wide variety of diseases.
As mentioned above, treatment of a disease is preceded by its diagnosis. Thanks to the development of modern medicine, diagnostics has made great strides forward in recent years. The main diagnostic methods used today are:
And of course, the classical diagnostic methods that have been used by doctors for many centuries have not gone away. This is a method of palpation (manual medical examination of the patient), percussion (tapping parts of the body and analyzing the sound phenomena that arise) and auscultation (consisting of listening to the sounds that are formed during the functioning of organs).
It should be noted that all of the above diagnostic methods must be used in combination. It is in this case that diagnostics will be the most informative and effective.
Once the diagnosis is made, treatment of the disease begins. The choice of therapy depends on the duration of the disease, its natural history and prognosis. We should not forget that each person is individual and can give his own reaction, different from others, both to the disease and to the medications used.
There are three main types of treatment: symptomatic, pathogenetic and etiological. Etiological therapy is aimed at eliminating the causes that caused the disease (for example, in case of injury, a foreign body is removed, in case of pneumonia, antibiotics are used, and so on). Pathogenetic therapy acts directly on pathological processes occurring in the body (for example, the use of cardiac drugs for heart disease). Symptomatic therapy is aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disease, regardless of its pathogenesis or etiology (for example, prescribing codeine for cough). This type of treatment quickly alleviates the patient’s condition and is the main method of emergency treatment.
The following sections of medicine are most fully presented on the site:
Dermatology. This section of medicine studies everything related to the skin (its structure, functions, causes, course, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of skin diseases). The following specialists work in this area:
Gynecology. This branch of medicine studies exclusively “female” diseases (primarily diseases of the reproductive system). Gynecology is very closely related to obstetrics, which studies the processes occurring in a woman’s body during pregnancy and childbirth. Therefore, most gynecologists nowadays are also obstetricians.
Urology. Studies the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and methods of treatment of diseases of the male reproductive system, urinary system, and adrenal glands. Urology is divided into several narrower branches, namely:
Pediatrics. This branch of medicine deals with childhood diseases and everything related to child care.
Oncology. Studies the causes of the appearance, development, methods of treatment and prevention of malignant and benign tumors. In recent years, oncology has seen great progress in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer, which makes it possible to increase the life expectancy of incurable patients.
ENT diseases. Otolaryngology deals with the study of diseases of the nose, throat and ears. It was not for nothing that these three bodies were combined into one group. The fact is that they are all located in close proximity to each other, and when one of them becomes ill, the pathological process often spreads to the others. An otolaryngologist treats ENT diseases.
Viral diseases. This is a huge group of pathologies, united by the fact that the cause of all these diseases is the impact of various viruses on the body. The main routes of transmission of viral diseases are the parenteral route, the food route, unprotected sexual intercourse, and contaminated surgical instruments. In addition, viruses can be transmitted through blood, transplacentally (from mother to child). The most dangerous is airborne transmission, which can cause epidemics.
In conclusion, I would like to note that all information on the site is provided for informational purposes only. It should be remembered that only a doctor can prescribe treatment for a particular disease. Self-medication is unacceptable! After all, the symptoms of many diseases are very similar, and mistaking one disease for another can cause irreparable harm to your body.