The hip joint is one of the largest joints in the human body, it does the hard work and is well protected by large muscles and ligaments. But despite the favorable location of the joint, pelvic injuries are quite common, especially in old age.
Any injury to the pelvis is a reason to see a doctor, because untimely treatment can cause severe problems in the functioning of the joint, in particular arthrosis. Impaired function of the hip joint leads to lifelong disability, since it performs an important supporting function.
Such injuries to the hip joint are quite common, because a bruise from a fall or blow to the pelvic area can occur both at a young age and in the elderly. As a rule, a pelvic contusion occurs due to a blow to the side of the body, or a fall on the buttocks, as well as when the pelvis is compressed or when hit during an accident.
The risk group includes people who lead an active lifestyle, often climb to heights, work with heavy objects and drive a lot. Elderly people are also susceptible to pelvic contusions, as they are often clumsy, fall and can be injured.
Bruises are usually considered a minor injury, but even a minor blow can cause hemorrhage and severe swelling, which can result in nerve compression. This condition is fraught with serious complications, in particular, the appearance of severe pain and destruction of cartilage tissue.
A hip bruise is characterized by the following symptoms:
Usually a bruise is treated with therapeutic methods. As soon as an injury occurs, you need to apply cold to the sore spot to stop the bleeding and prevent a large hematoma. If you experience pain when walking, it is recommended to use crutches.
Already 3 days after the injury, therapeutic exercises are prescribed. It is necessary in order to normalize blood circulation and prevent muscle atrophy. Painkillers and anti-inflammatory ointments, for example Diklak, and physiotherapy may also be prescribed. For quick recovery, it is recommended to eat a balanced diet.
Sprains and tears of the hip ligaments are rare in everyday life, but they are a common injury among professional athletes. As a rule, such an injury occurs when a large force is applied to the ligament; this is possible when the foot suddenly slides, during training by an athlete, or in an accident. Pathology may also be associated with congenital connective tissue dysplasia and problems with nerves and muscles.
Tearing and stretching of muscle tissue can also occur, for example, when squatting with heavy weights, when performing vigorous exercises on the thigh muscles, as well as during running and stretching exercises. A muscle injury is usually less dangerous than a ligament injury, although it can cause severe pain.
When the ligaments and muscles in the pelvis are sprained and torn, the symptoms are similar, but in the first case they are less severe. In this case, the following symptoms are observed:
Ligament and joint injuries can be treated using both conservative and surgical methods. The operation is performed for complete ruptures, when it is necessary to connect the ligament or muscle and fix it in the correct position.
Conservative treatment consists of immobilizing the hip joint with an orthosis; medication, physical therapy, and, after tissue healing, physical therapy are also prescribed.
The lip of the acetabulum is the soft cartilage tissue that surrounds it; it is responsible for the production of synovial fluid, that is, for lubricating the joint and nourishing the cartilage. The lip is often injured because it is not strong enough, but it undergoes a lot of stress.
Such damage is typical for athletes, in particular, ballerinas and football players, but it can also be caused in everyday life by an unfortunate fall. The pathology is quite insidious, since often the pain from a labral tear is weak and the person does not see a doctor. But pieces of cartilage break off and move around the joint, causing its deformation and degenerative changes, as a result, arthrosis appears.
Symptoms of a labral tear can vary, depending on the severity of the injury. In some cases, the pain is mild, but you should still see a doctor to prevent destruction of the joint.
The following symptoms are typical for this injury:
Symptoms can sharply intensify, then severe pain, swelling, redness of the skin appears, and movement in the joint is impaired. This indicates that the joint is being destroyed.
A labral tear is treated with conservative methods. The first step is to immobilize the diseased joint; the doctor may prescribe anti-inflammatory and painkillers, if necessary. After removing the plaster cast, exercise therapy, physiotherapy and massage are prescribed.
Dislocation is a congenital pathology associated with underdevelopment of the joint; the disease is called hip dysplasia.
In addition, a dislocation can occur as a result of a strong blow to the pelvis, for example, during an accident, as well as a fall from a great height. Such an injury is usually combined with a violation of the integrity of the ligament and bone tissue.
The following symptoms are typical for a dislocation:
Treatment tactics depend on the severity of the injury; if the patient immediately goes to the hospital, they will most likely perform a closed reduction of the joint and apply a plaster cast. In severe cases, skeletal traction and surgery may be necessary. The treatment ends with rehabilitation, the patient will be prescribed massage and exercise therapy.
Also, treatment for hip dislocation is accompanied by taking medications. The patient is prescribed painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs, and after the operation, antibiotics and blood thinners are prescribed. Before reduction, the patient is usually prescribed muscle relaxants to relax the hip muscles, and the procedure is performed under general anesthesia.
A hip fracture can occur in the neck and head of the femur, as well as in the acetabulum. This injury is considered the most severe fracture in old age; women over 45 years of age are more susceptible to such injury, and pathology can occur with a normal fall.
In young people, the cause of a fracture in the hip joint is a strong blow, most often during an accident or a fall from a great height. At a young age, pathology is considered less dangerous than at an older age. This is due to age-related changes in the pelvis, since blood circulation in the area of the femoral head is disrupted, which prevents its fusion.
When fractures occur in the TB joint, the following symptoms appear:
How the patient is treated depends on how severe the injury was. If the fracture is not displaced, then a plaster cast is applied, and depending on the tactics chosen by the doctor, the patient is prescribed bed rest or walking on crutches from the first days of treatment. If fragments are present, either skeletal traction or surgical comparison is prescribed.
Elderly patients are most often prescribed surgery to minimize the duration of bed rest. In old age, lack of mobility causes serious complications; if the muscles atrophy, the person will no longer be able to walk. A couple of decades ago, this particular treatment tactic was chosen, in which the patient was bedridden for several months, often leading to the death of the patient due to complications.
Rehabilitation plays an important role in the treatment of a fracture; the patient must perform the prescribed exercises every day, even through pain. Physiotherapy and massage are also prescribed. Full weight bearing on the affected leg is usually allowed no earlier than 3–4 months after the injury.
The movable connection of the bones in the pelvic area is a complex structure, as it has a large range of movements. The joint resembles the shape of a hinge. It consists of a deep cavity formed by the ischial, pubic and ilium bones (acetabulum) and the head of the femur. The most common injuries to the hip joint are accidents and falls. One of the most severe is bone damage with disruption of the integrity of the femoral neck, which can only be treated through surgery.
The most severe hip injuries involve unnatural compression and impact. These injuries occur during accidents or unforeseen combinations of circumstances and conditions that cause harm to human health at home and at work. These injuries are not limited to fractures alone. Damage also covers soft tissues: there may be disruptions in the continuity of muscle tissue, tendons, and femoral ligaments. These hip injuries require immediate emergency care.
With a high degree of intensity and prolonged muscle work (in particular, athletes), when it is of particular importance to perform a certain movement, non-compliance with safety regulations may occur. This can lead to occupational injuries: sprains and partial or complete disruption of the continuity of soft tissue. These injuries are also present in everyday life (more often they provoke falls). These are very common injuries.
The cavity is surrounded by a formation of cartilaginous tissue. The soft tissue deepens it by 1/3 and is closely adjacent to the femoral head, giving it an anatomically correct position and guaranteeing normal movements in the joint. The main result of the lip's activity is synovial fluid.
Rupture of the acetabular lip is the most common pathology, since it has a soft structure of the movable joint and is one of the first to receive maximum loads. Hip injuries often occur in people involved in sports activities, since their activities are directly related to numerous movements of the hip. As a rule, these are: football players, ballerinas, etc. In everyday life, injury is possible after an unfortunate fall.
This injury may go unrecognized for a long period of time because it does not cause severe pain. Sometimes there are short-term pains with a subtle increase in intensity, which quickly passes during a period of rest. With such damage, crunching and clicking noises may occur during physical activity and a slight impairment in ease of movement. Often people with this injury are treated for a sprain. But the main danger of this hip injury is the long-term consequences. Torn parts of the soft tissue of the lip, touching the cartilage of the joint, will make it thinner, the damage becomes larger in area, and with an illness such as a hip joint injury, the symptoms become more severe.
When you need to pay extra attention
You should immediately contact a medical facility if you suspect a hip injury. If the pain immediately goes away after the injury, this does not remove the suspicion that the soft tissues are damaged.
If you have a hip injury, symptoms to look out for include:
However, in an accident such as a hip injury, the symptoms are smoothed out.
If the above symptoms are detected, immediate contact with a medical institution is necessary. If the patient's condition is severe, then you need to call an ambulance. If possible, apply something cold until medical personnel arrive. If the injured person is unable to move, then his position should not be changed. This can cause further harm.
An x-ray is the most effective in identifying the damage. In severe cases, magnetic resonance imaging is performed.
Once the diagnosis of hip injury has been established, treatment is aimed at eliminating the symptoms. This may include complete immobilization of the joint, physical therapy, or, in severe cases, surgical intervention.
If the damage is serious, then in case of injury to the hip joint, treatment will also include pain medication and the prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve signs of inflammation.
Restoration of motor activity
After removing the plaster cast, the specialist prescribes a set of specialized exercises aimed at returning the original activity. The most important rule is systematic exercise without fatigue and sudden movements.
If painful sensations appear, it is necessary to cancel classes and consult a doctor in order to choose the right new set of exercises.
A rupture of the acetabular lip can occur in varying degrees of severity.
The hip joint performs a complex function of support and movement. It is formed by the acetabulum of the pelvic bone and the head of the femur. The acetabulum is the confluence of the ischium, ilium and pubis, with the largest part (2/5) being the ischium, slightly less than 2/5 being the ilium and 1/5 being the pubic bone. Based on the shape of the articulating surfaces, the hip joint is classified as spherical (cup-shaped).
The ligaments of the hip joint include the following ligaments:
It should be noted that injuries to the hip joint are often accompanied by trauma to these ligaments, their stretching and rupture, which aggravates the underlying injury. Surgical and conservative treatment is indicated depending on the severity of the injury, as well as the individual characteristics of the body.
In the hip joint, not only movements of the hip occur, but also movement of the pelvis, and therefore the entire torso in relation to the lower limbs. These movements are performed constantly, for example when walking, when one leg is free, and in the other joint the pelvis moves in relation to the fixed supporting lower limb. The volume of these movements depends on the size of the wings of the ilium, the greater trochanter, the angle of the femoral neck, which is also reflected in the angle between the vertical axis passing through the femoral head to the center of gravity on the foot and the longitudinal axis of the femur, which is 5-7° ( Fig. 144, 145). The angle of the femoral neck with its body is about 150° in newborns, in adult men this angle decreases to 125°, in women - to 112-118°. Hip pain often occurs when the range of motion is increased to its maximum. If the pathological process progresses, discomfort appears with little physical activity. In this case, joint deformation appears.
Important: Pelvic injuries are always classified differently from hip injuries
Injuries to the hip joint occur in road traffic accidents, complicated by fractures of the pelvis and bones of the lower extremities. The most serious complication is a fracture of the femoral neck, which requires surgical treatment for a sufficiently long time in the absence of contraindications. Pain in the hip joint occurs acutely at the time of injury; as a rule, it goes away either on its own or with the intervention of doctors. It is necessary to understand that even if not a single day has passed since the injury, and the pain stopped after an hour, this does not mean complete well-being in the body. Damage to the hip joint can make itself felt after a sufficient amount of time has passed, when the patient himself has already forgotten the moment of injury. Various inflammatory processes and degenerative changes develop, especially in old age.
Speaking about damage, it is necessary to understand that the hip joint belongs to the pelvis, but is only its anatomical part, and not a single structural unit. This means that pelvic injuries are not only fractures, dislocations and other inflammatory diseases in the joint, but also injuries localized in three bones that form the large and small pelvis anatomically. In this case we are talking about the pubic, ischial and ilium bones.
In our center, traumatologists and orthopedists provide consultations on diseases of the musculoskeletal system, individually determine and prescribe methods of treatment and further rehabilitation.
You can make an appointment with us at the center by leaving a request on the website, calling: +7 (499) 71-45678/(967) 244-64-67 or you can send a request by email [email protected] .
In our rehabilitation center “New Step”, this method is used in the acute post-traumatic period, in the postoperative period to relieve swelling, pain, and also to accelerate regeneration processes.
Neurostimulating - stimulates the conduction of nerve endings
Analgesic - pain reliever. Relieves pain syndrome
Trophic - improves the nutritional function of muscles
Antispasmodic - relieves spasms, spastic contractions
Vasodilator - restores the tone of blood vessels. Improves blood supply to tissues
Indications for the use of the interference therapy method
Contraindications to the use of the interference therapy method
Diseases and injuries of the musculoskeletal system
The thigh is located between the hip joint above and the knee joint below. The femur, which is the largest bone in the human body, runs directly through the thigh muscles. The femur is surrounded by muscle groups that are responsible for movement in the hip joint and flexion of the lower leg. A neurovascular bundle passes under the inguinal fold (in the upper part), and a group of lymph nodes is located here. Between the muscles in the front you can see a depression that goes down and inward - this is where large vessels are located.
Injuries to the femoral tissues and the adjacent hip joint are considered serious, threatening bleeding, disturbances in the functioning of nerves and muscles.
Such injuries are divided into closed (without damage to the skin) and open (the integrity of the skin is damaged). Contusion of the thigh tissues, rupture or compression may occur.
A hip bruise occurs when there is strong mechanical impact from a blunt object. This injury is characterized by pain, swelling and difficulty walking. The main symptom of a hip bruise is bleeding under the skin (bruise/hematoma) that appears specifically at the site of injury. In some cases, a hematoma can form after 1-2 days and at some distance from the site of injury. Doctors know of cases where blood accumulates in the deep layers of the thigh muscles and is accompanied by pain in the leg, increased tissue density, a feeling of bloating and numbness of the skin. If a severe, extensive bruise occurs, then a necrotic process may develop, which provokes poisoning of the body with decay products.
Please note: If you bruise your hip, nerves, veins and arteries can be damaged. It all depends on how intense the mechanical impact was.
Treatment for a hip bruise that is minor is to apply a cold bandage to the injury site - this could be a wet towel or an ice pack. It is advisable to use a pressure bandage, which is applied in such a way that blood circulation in the thigh is not impaired. The injured person should be kept at rest.
If the hip bruise is significant, there is severe bruising, trauma to the skin and surrounding muscles, then the victim must be splinted and immediately seek qualified medical help.
A sudden strong movement or sharp blow to the thigh (this can happen, for example, during a game of football) can cause rupture of the tendon sheath, fascia, and the formation of a hernia. Rupture is always accompanied by hemorrhage. If the injury is mild, treatment consists of applying cold, applying a pressure bandage, and resting the injured limb. If there is a complete rupture of the muscles or fascia, then surgical treatment is performed, so you need to apply a splint immediately after the injury and seek qualified medical help as quickly as possible.
If tissue compression occurs during a hip injury, then if it lasts several hours, long-term compression syndrome . If this syndrome “works” on both sides of the hip for 8 hours or more, then death often occurs. This development of events occurs due to the release of decay products of dead muscles into the blood, which leads to disruption of the kidneys, and acute renal failure occurs. A similar situation can arise during a man-made disaster or natural disaster. After the victim is removed from the rubble, an elastic bandage is applied to the damaged limb, then it is splinted and the patient is urgently sent to a medical facility.
Open hip injuries are accompanied by blood loss. If the wound is small, then a scarf bandage is used: the upper corner of the scarf is tied to the belt (belt), and the free ends of the scarf are placed around the limb. The patient needs to be provided with complete rest and taken to a medical facility for primary surgical treatment.
Venous bleeding is intense, the blood is dark and constantly flows from the wound. In case of such bleeding, a pressure bandage is fixed on the thigh, splinted and raised (thigh). A victim with venous bleeding must be urgently taken to a doctor - he will need surgical treatment.
Arterial bleeding is considered the most dangerous to human life. There is only one way to stop it: press the artery with your finger to the intermuscular groove or under the inguinal fold, and apply a rubber hemostatic tourniquet. If there is no special tourniquet, then it can be replaced with a belt, rope, belt. Be sure to include a note under the tourniquet with an exact indication of the time the tourniquet will be applied. The victim must be hospitalized immediately.
Please note: in summer, the tourniquet can be applied for 2 hours, in winter - for a maximum of one and a half hours. After the specified period, it is necessary to remove the tourniquet, allow blood to flow into the limb and apply it again. Each time the tourniquet is removed/applied, a new time for the procedure is added to the accompanying note.
The symptoms of this injury, as well as the principles of first aid, vary - it all depends on which part of the hip the fracture occurred in.
With such an injury, there is not intense pain, the limb turns outward and it turns out that the foot touches the bed with the little toe on which the patient is located. In some cases, the damaged limb becomes several centimeters shorter. Such injuries often occur in older people.
First aid for a fracture of the upper part of the bone near the joint: under no circumstances should you straighten your extended leg! It is necessary to ensure complete immobility of the injured limb - for example, apply a splint. The patient should not lean on the injured limb or sit down.
Pain and swelling of the skin appears at the site of injury. There is unnatural mobility of the limb, and if fragments are displaced, the leg can be shortened by up to 6 cm.
First aid for a bone fracture: it is imperative to ensure complete immobility of the limb so that the bone does not move during transportation of the victim and does not injure the nerves and blood vessels. When moving, the victim may experience anaphylactic shock, so it is better for those around him not to experiment, but to immediately call an ambulance.
Characterized by intense pain and unnatural mobility above the knee. A person cannot stand on an injured limb; it hurts even just to move.
First aid for a hip fracture in the lower part: the injured person must be immediately placed on a solid stretcher (this can be a door or simply nailed together boards), and the broken leg bent at the knee and a cushion placed under it. It is in this position that during transportation there will be no compression of nerves and blood vessels. The limb placed in the recommended position must be securely secured - for example, by taping it to the healthy leg.
With such injuries, bone fragments break through the skin and are accompanied by bleeding. In some cases, the blood loss is slight, but in most cases the bleeding is intense, which can lead to the development of shock. Open hip fractures may be associated with complications such as inflammation of the bone marrow and bone (osteomyelitis), sepsis, or infection.
First aid for an open hip fracture: quickly stop the bleeding and apply a sterile bandage. If there is no first aid kit at hand, then you just need to cover the wound with any clean cloth. If you have a first aid kit, it is highly advisable to administer an anesthetic to the victim. Immediately after an injury, it is necessary to call an ambulance - the victim is indicated for urgent hospitalization.
If there is a bruise of the hip joint , then the patient will be bothered by slight swelling, hematoma and mild pain. With such an injury, mobility in the joint remains unchanged. To treat a bruise, you need to apply cold to the site of the bruise; until the symptoms disappear completely, you need to take care of your leg and not step on it, using a cane or crutches.
A severe injury is considered to be a dislocation or intra-articular fracture . In this case, the leg can be turned outward, the victim cannot lift it, and when trying to make any movement, the pain in the hip joint sharply worsens. In some cases, patients can move (this happens with impacted fractures), but this should not be done. If the fracture occurs in the trochanteric area, then extensive bruising may form over the entire upper third of the thigh. First aid for a dislocation or intra-articular fracture is to apply a splint and immediately hospitalize the victim.
Dislocation of the hip joint is considered an extremely rare occurrence. This pathology can occur when falling from a height or in a traffic accident. When the hip joint is dislocated, the leg is in an unnatural position - it can be turned inward and bent at the knee, turned outward, or pulled to the side. Such an injury is accompanied by severe pain, but under no circumstances should you try to correct the position of the limb! As part of first aid for a dislocation of the hip joint, you can only immobilize the joint in the position in which it is located, using available means - scarves, clothes, belts. Further actions should come only from medical professionals.
One of the most important factors for a successful recovery from the injuries in question is ensuring the immobility of the limb when transporting the victim. Immobility of the affected limb is ensured using improvised means or special splints.
You can use two boards of different lengths, a cane or a crutch. From the outside, the splint should be applied from the foot to the armpit, from the inside - from the foot to the perineum. The halves of the splints are securely reinforced with several scarves or any clothing, thereby ensuring immobility of the limb.
If there is only one long board or crutch available, then this object, together with the damaged limb, is tied to the healthy leg. Just don’t forget that the outer part of the splint is attached to the armpit, that is, directly to the body.
For a hip fracture, a special Dieterichs splint is used, which consists of two strips and a kind of sole. This splint is convenient because it can be adjusted to the height and length of the victim’s leg. First, the sole is firmly placed on the shoe and secured with a bandage. Then the side strips are applied and secured with special belts. To stretch the leg to the normal length of the limb, use a special lace that is attached to the sole. A plywood splint is placed under the leg and the entire structure is reinforced with a bandage. Specially trained personnel can apply a Diterhis splint, but even an absolutely untrained person can handle this process.
Injuries to the hip and hip joint are serious injuries that require qualified medical care.
Tsygankova Yana Aleksandrovna, medical observer, therapist of the highest qualification category
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A hip joint bruise is an injury that disrupts the integrity of the tissues surrounding the bony outgrowths. Injury to structures occurs as a result of a serious blow or occurs during a fall followed by an unsuccessful landing. The article discusses issues such as symptoms and treatment of hip joint bruises.
According to ICD 10 (international classification of diseases), this type of injury is assigned code S70.0 (“Bruise of the hip joint”).
The causes of injury to this structure are:
Most often, this type of bruise occurs during sports. At risk are older people who often lose their balance and fall, especially in winter.
The distinctive symptoms of a hip bruise are:
If there are symptoms of a hip joint bruise, it is necessary to urgently take measures to help the victim. This will facilitate the further process of treatment and recovery.
Recognizing a bruise of the hip joint is not difficult, since the signs of a pelvic injury are specific. If symptoms appear, it is necessary to provide assistance for the bruise.
You need to do the following:
With such symptoms that indicate a bruise of the hip joint, it is necessary to immediately take the victim to a medical facility after providing first aid. This is due to the fact that the victim may experience distortion - sprain of the joint ligaments, or subluxation.
What to do if you have a hip joint injury characterized by pain and bruising? First of all, it is necessary to provide complete rest to the injured lower limb and immobilize it.
During the first few days after injury, you need to stay in bed. Cold should be applied to the damaged area - this will help relieve swelling and reduce the severity of pain.
In case of damage to the hip joint, it is necessary to use local anti-inflammatory drugs - Voltaren, Xefocam.
To prevent the process of ossification from starting in the hip joint, bone connections should be developed within a few days after the injury.
To diagnose a hip bruise, the following measures are required:
Once the diagnosis is clarified, the treatment process begins.
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There are several methods for treating a bruise. Conservative therapy is as follows:
For symptoms of severe bruising, surgical treatment is prescribed. In such cases, do the following:
Also, for a bruise of the hip joint, treatment involves performing exercises to develop the damaged structure (circular movements of the thigh from a position lying on its side or standing, “Scissors” and “Bicycle” exercises).
A bruise, if it is mild, can be treated at home.
For hip injury, the following folk remedies are useful:
During rehabilitation, the patient is shown performing exercises from therapeutic physical culture complexes. A number of exercises are useful and must be performed as follows:
The patient’s performance of exercises to develop the damaged joint should be supervised by a doctor at the initial stages to prevent additional damage.
Also, during the recovery period, the patient may be prescribed physiotherapeutic procedures: laser therapy, magnetic therapy, massage, electrophoresis. The purpose of such procedures is to accelerate regenerative processes in damaged structures.
A bruise of the hip joint is fraught with a number of consequences that can arise if the treatment process is not completed or the victim does not consult a doctor in a timely manner.
Complications after a bruise are expressed in the following phenomena:
A hip joint bruise is an injury that can occur during sports or at home. If treatment is not started on time, dangerous complications may develop - suppuration of the affected area, development of arthrosis. To prevent this, you should consult a doctor immediately after an injury and do not try to cure the injury yourself.
Dear readers of the 1MedHelp website, if you still have questions on this topic, we will be happy to answer them. Leave your reviews, comments, share stories of how you experienced a similar trauma and successfully dealt with the consequences! Your life experience may be useful to other readers.
Bursitis is an inflammation of the synovial bursa, which is a small cavity around the joint with a small amount of fluid. Synovial bursae are located throughout the body, and the most important of them are around the shoulder, elbow, knee and hip joints and the heel bone. These formations act as a shock absorber between the bones and the soft tissues covering them and help reduce friction when the muscles slide against the bone.
The subcutaneous trochanteric bursa is located between the iliotibial (iliotibial) tract and the greater trochanter of the femur.
On the femur there is a bony protrusion called the greater trochanter. The muscles responsible for movement in the hip joint are attached to it. The greater trochanter of the femur is covered by a rather massive synovial bursa. In some cases, it becomes irritated and inflamed, leading to the development of hip bursitis (or trochanteric bursitis).
The other bursa is located on the inside of the femur and is called the iliopectineal bursa (iliopsoas). Inflammation of this bursa is in some cases also referred to as bursitis of the hip joint, but the pain in this condition is localized in the groin area. Inflammation of the iliac bursa is not as common as trochanteric bursitis, but their treatment methods are identical.
The main symptom of bursitis is pain in the hip joint (HJ). As a rule, the pain spreads along the outer surface of the thigh. In the early stages of bursitis, patients describe the pain as sharp and intense. As the disease progresses, the pain becomes dull and spreads.
Typically, the pain intensifies at night, when the patient is positioned on the side of the affected hip joint, as well as after rising from a chair after a period of rest. Also, pain may intensify after long walks, climbing stairs or squats.
Hip bursitis can occur in all people, but is most common in women, especially middle-aged or elderly women. In young people and men, hip bursitis develops less frequently.
The following risk factors predispose to the development of hip bursitis:
The doctor examines the condition of the greater trochanter of the femur with the patient in the lateral position.
To diagnose hip bursitis, a complete objective examination is necessary. The doctor pays special attention to increased sensitivity/pain in the area of the protruding areas of the femur. To exclude possible injuries or other pathological conditions in the hip joint area, the doctor may prescribe an additional examination. This includes x-rays, bone scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Initial treatment for hip bursitis is conservative (non-surgical). The condition of most patients with hip bursitis can be improved with simple lifestyle changes:
The use of physical therapy and physiotherapy for hip bursitis is unfounded, but many patients consider this method of treatment to be very effective. A physical therapist can teach the patient how to stretch the hip muscles and also use cold, heat, or ultrasound.
To relieve the symptoms of hip bursitis, the administration of hormonal drugs (corticosteroids) in combination with a local anesthetic is also used. This is a simple and effective treatment that is performed on an outpatient basis. It involves a single injection of drugs directly into the synovial bursa, which temporarily alleviates the patient's condition. If the inflammatory process worsens and pain returns after a few months, an additional injection may be required.
It is important to remember that NSAIDs should be used with caution and for short periods of time. You should talk to your doctor about using NSAIDs. NSAIDs have some side effects, which are aggravated if the patient has certain diseases or while taking certain medications.
Surgical treatment of hip bursitis is rarely used. As a rule, the doctor recommends surgical removal of the bursa only if conservative treatment is ineffective and if inflammation and pain persist. Removing the bursa does not affect the hip joint itself or its normal function.
Currently, arthroscopic removal of the bursa is becoming increasingly popular. When using this technique, the bursa is removed through a small (0.5-1 cm) incision in the thigh area. Through the second incision, a tiny camera (arthroscope) is inserted, which allows the doctor to manipulate surgical instruments and remove the bursa. This surgical intervention is minimally invasive, that is, less traumatic for the patient, and the recovery period is faster and less painful.
Both operations are performed on an outpatient basis, which means they usually do not require the patient to be hospitalized or stay in the hospital. Previous studies show the effectiveness of arthroscopic removal of bursae, but their results require further study.
After surgery, a short recovery period is necessary. Many patients benefit from the use of crutches, a cane, or a walker in the first days after surgery. It is necessary to get out of bed and move on the day of the surgical intervention itself, which speeds up tissue restoration. Postoperative pain syndrome usually disappears within a few days.
Prevention of hip bursitis comes down to avoiding activities and physical activity that increase inflammation in the area of the synovial bursa.
(495) 50-253-50 — information on diseases and injuries of the hip joint
Knee joint injuries are among the most dangerous. They can lead to the development of a purulent-necrotic process in bone tissue, bone deformation, loss of function in the limbs, up to complete immobility. It is possible to protect the affected area with the help of a bandage, the application of which has certain features.
The knee joint is the largest and most complex joint in the human body. He experiences enormous stress every day, so the risk of injury is extremely high. Damage in this area is one of the most common.
Common knee injuries include:
Damage is accompanied by pain, often severe, swelling, and limitation of movements.
Some injuries require firm bracing of the knee, hip, and ankle. To give the leg complete immobility, a Dieterichs splint is applied, stretching the leg and depriving it of the ability to move. If there is no splint, use improvised means (umbrella, cane, etc.), wrapping them tightly around the leg.
If the injury is minor, treat it with a plaster or mesh bandage. If the knee joint is injured, a bandage called a turtle bandage . Being a type of cruciform option, it has a number of advantages:
IMPORTANT. Depending on the type and extent of damage, both elastic and gauze bandages are used for a turtle bandage.
Before the procedure, the victim should be psychologically prepared, since it may be painful for him.
For dressing you will need:
You need to give your leg a natural position, bending it slightly (about 100 degrees). Then use tweezers to place a sterile napkin on the affected area and begin bandaging.
Despite the similarity of the techniques, many experts recommend using a converging version of the bandage, since it is easier to control the tension if the movement begins from large areas.
Bandages are made from dressing material and then secured to a specific area of the victim’s body. Depending on what they are made of, they are divided into:
REFERENCE. In the vast majority of cases, a gauze bandage is used for dressing. This is completely justified. Gauze is a very light, hygroscopic fabric. This is explained by the fact that its threads do not fit tightly to each other.
Depending on the purpose, overlays are divided into:
According to the method of bandaging, they are divided into: